湿式螺旋气柜水封击破事故的原因与预防

1　三起气柜水封击破事故的原因1.1　3万m3湿式螺旋高炉煤气柜水封击破事故1987年,合钢动力厂3万m3高炉煤气柜发生一起水封击破事故,煤气击破二塔与三塔之间的水封,大量煤气外泄,气柜从16m降至7m。当时有两人正在柜顶部检查放散设施,幸亏风力较大,风向较好,才没有造成人员中毒。原因是三塔水封的加水橡胶皮管插在水中,供水系统停水,产生虹吸现象,造成水封水位降低到安全高度以下,导致水封击破。1.2　1万m3湿式焦炉煤气柜水封击破事故1998年,我厂1万m3焦炉煤气柜在防腐施工期间发生三塔水封击破,大量煤气外泄,气柜从17m降至7m。当时施工人员…     

降低气柜置换中活塞上部有害气体浓度的探讨

威金斯气柜气体置换中,活塞上部作业区域检测有害气体浓度超标,经多次活塞升降在烟囱效应作用下逐步稀释气体,直至检测合格。分析了气柜置换中活塞上部空间有害气体浓度超标的形成原因,探讨新增气柜进口U型水封后与放散塔之间连通管道及阀门组合,从而实现降低气柜置换时活塞上部有害气体浓度的目的。     

梅钢12万转炉煤气柜补漏实绩

正梅钢12万m~3转炉煤气柜为橡胶膜密封型干式煤气柜,又称维金斯转炉煤气柜,于2012年建成投产回收二炼钢转炉煤气。由炼钢产生的转炉煤气,从炼钢三通切换阀出口后,经过逆止阀和水封,沿转炉煤气总管送至12万m~3威金斯气柜,通过加压机升压、经水封后,送至炼钢、石灰窑和其他用户使用,根据生产的需要,也掺入二加压的混合煤气中,供应给热轧使用。1 转炉煤气柜泄漏威金斯转炉煤气柜柜体为圆柱形,由柜顶、侧板和柜底组成。柜内活塞由活塞挡板和T挡板组     

湿式气柜带煤气大修

利用扁担将气柜两塔同时挂起,内层塔柜皮可以将煤气与外塔柜皮完全隔绝,即可安全地更换外塔柜皮。利用水封隔绝煤气,可带煤气进行下挂圈补焊。     

钢铁工业消化移植成果选登(续)

13.20000m~3稀油密封干式煤气柜 (1980～1984) 研制单位:北京钢铁设计研究院上海中华造船厂 内容简介:干式煤气柜在国外称无水煤气柜。干式煤气柜具有贮气压力高、贮气压力稳定、煤气吞吐量大、使用寿命长、无大量污水、结构轻和易安装等优点。北京钢铁设计     

二级式水封排水器下降管外装设计

为解决二级式水封排水器排液时的漏气问题,将水封式排水器的下降管改装到水封本体的外侧,使排水器能够承受较高气体压力,顺利地排出管道内冷凝液及杂质,杜绝了排液时的漏气现象,减缓了下降管的腐蚀程度,保障了生产的稳定顺行。     

氧气顶吹转炉烟气的净化

我厂氧炼车间有15吨顶吹转炉三座(三吹二)。烟火经炉口进入活动烟罩、固定烟罩、水冷烟道、溢流文氏管、重力脱水器、调径文氏管、弯头脱水器、网格脱水器(~#3炉为湍动塔、档板脱水器、无网格脱水器,余同)、风机,自烟囱排出。煤气回收时自风机出来后的煤气经大水封进入煤气柜待用。重力、弯头、网     

指数函数用于气柜落床时置换终点的确定

１问题提出新钢公司有一民用湿式气柜，容积５０００ｍ３，建于１９７８年。经过２０年运行，柜壁多处腐蚀泄漏。加之已有新５万ｍ３干式气柜替代，主管部门决定报废拆除。拆除前需落床处理，置换柜中残余焦炉煤气．我公司用于置换的惰性气体为热风炉烟气。置换方法为：送入热风炉烟气，气柜升至一定高度（大于落后柜内容积一倍），而后排气，气柜下降，这样反复多次，直至柜内焦炉气浓度降至爆炸下限以下，以便于动火作业。在制定具体操作方案时，两个问题提了出来：①究竟要置换儿次才能达标，心中无数；②分析化验指标不好确定，每置换一…     

离心式空压机密封失效故障分析与改进

RIKT型离心式压缩机在大修后出现油箱内正压、电机轴承箱及压缩机后轴承回油管路大量漏油,导致机组无法正常运行.经分析,发现前轴承箱密封系统失效,压缩空气通过前轴承气封、油封泄漏到润滑系统是导致油箱负压环境破坏、各润滑点漏油的直接原因.通过改造压缩机前轴承箱密封结构,成功解决气封漏气故障.     

干式稀油柜柜内压力波动对外部管网的影响分析

随着近些年国内钢铁行业的发展,煤气柜在钢铁厂的应用日趋广泛,干式煤气柜因其储气压力高、活塞速度快等特点已被更多人所接受。煤气柜作为钢铁厂平衡管网压力的一个重要调节手段,当煤气发生量和消耗量波动时,煤气柜作为缓冲用户及时吸收煤气量的波动以平衡外部管网压力。这样很容易给人们形成一种错觉:只要煤气柜处于在线运行状态,则外部煤气管网压力就会非常稳定。而实际上因煤气柜柜内储存介质不一样,其柜内压力本身存在的压力梯度现象及煤气柜运行状态均会带来外部管网压力不同程度的波动。本文主要讨论了用于储存高炉煤气和焦炉煤气的干式稀油柜柜内压力波动情况,分析了其压力波动对外部管网产生的影响,可以此作为指导来合理确定干式稀油柜的储气压力依据。     

空压密封技术在宝钢焦炉上的应用

介绍了空压密封技术的工作原理和在焦炉上的应用实践,并突出了空压密封技术在新建焦炉上所起到的作用以及在蓄热室上的应用。空压密封技术不仅可以修复焦炉炭化室炉墙面的砖缝、细小裂缝,还可以用于检查新建焦炉炭化室的密封性能,减少新建焦炉初装煤时炉体窜漏及炉门冒烟的问题。     

干熄焦炉顶水封槽漏水处理措施

分析了安钢75 t/h干熄焦炉顶水封槽漏水的原因,通过采取制作临时炉盖封住干熄炉炉口,分开炉盖台车和料斗台车,用抗氧化性焊条进行补焊等措施,使炉顶水封运行正常状态,干熄焦循环气体中可燃成分浓度得到有效控制。     

空分分子筛充压时下塔漏液的分析及处理

介绍了空分分子筛充压时下塔漏液和氩系统氮塞的现象,提出利用外部气源改造分子筛充压工艺以解决充压时空分下塔漏液的问题.     

太钢4350m3高炉热风炉的设计

在新建的太钢4350m^3高炉新日铁外燃式热风炉的设计中,围绕高风温长寿命采取了一系列措施：蓄热室、燃烧室、混风室内墙体与拱顶的拱角相接处,采用迷宫式结构,防止独立砌体间窜风;在开孔部位采用组合砖,以提高这些关键部位的气密性和结构稳定性;蓄热室内采用带凹凸槽的小孔径七孔高效格砖,提高加热面积;采用分离型余热回收装置预热助燃空气和煤气等。     

Modelling of EAF Off‐Gas Post Combustion in Dedusting Systems using CFD Methods

To comply with the increasingly strict environmental regulations, the poisonous off‐gas species, e. g. carbon monoxide (CO), produced in the electric arc furnace (EAF) must be treated in the dedusting system. In this work, gas flow patterns of the off‐gas post combustion in three different dedusting system units were simulated with a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code: (1) post combustion in a horizontal off‐gas duct, (2) post combustion in a water cooled post combustion chamber without additional energy supply (no gas or air/oxygen injectors) and (3) post combustion in a post combustion chamber with additional energy input (gas, air injectors and ignition burner, case study of VAI‐Fuchs GmbH). All computational results are illustrated with gas velocity, temperature distribution and chemical species concentration fields for the above three cases. In case 1, the effect of different false air volume flow rates at the gap between EAF elbow and exhaust gas duct on the external post combustion of the off‐gas was investigated. For case 2, the computed temperature and chemical composition (CO, CO₂ and O₂) of the off‐gas at the post chamber exit are in good agreement with additional measurements. Various operating conditions for case 3 have been studied, including different EAF off‐gas temperatures and compositions, i. e. CO content, in order to optimize oxygen and burner gas flow rates. Residence time distributions in the external post combustion chambers have been calculated for cases 2 and 3. Derived temperature fields of the water cooled walls yield valuable information on thermally stressed parts of post combustion units. The results obtained in this work may also gain insight to future investigation of combustion of volatile organic components (VOC) or formation of nitrogenoxide (NO_x) and permit the optimization of the operation and design of the off‐gas dedusting system units.     

初冷器冷凝液在煤气直冷塔洗萘中的应用

鼓冷工段横管冷却器冷却焦炉煤气下来的带轻抽焦油的冷凝液,用于煤气直冷塔在冷却煤气同时进行洗萘,代替粗苯工段的富油冼萘工艺,为净化焦炉煤气中的萘提供了可靠的依据。     

邯钢烧结机冷却系统改造与余热发电效果提升

分析了邯钢炼铁厂435 m2烧结机余热发电存在的问题,指出环冷机漏风率高、余热回收率低是制约余热发电系统运行效果的关键因素。通过环冷机水密封改造、上罩全密闭改造、受料点直接取热、取热点前移、余热风量优化、密封材质改进等方法,余热发电率提高25%,环冷机漏风率由35%降至5%,年新增发电量1 440万kW·h,新增创效800余万元。结果表明,强化环冷机密封,优化风量配置是提高余热发电率的重要手段。     

Analysis of the quick corrosion of blast furnaces’gas pipes after the installation of dry-type de-dusting equipment and discussion about measures

Compared with the traditional wet-type de-dusting technology,the dry-type de-dusting technology is considered to be environmentally friendly and energy-saving.However,the pipes carrying the de-dusted blast furnace gas (BFG) tends to be corrosive more quickly and seriously.In order to investigate the reasons for the quick corrosion,the gas pipes and auxiliary bellows installed in Baosteel’s newly built BFG dry-type de-dusting system are studied.The corrosive properties of the condensed water,such as the pH value,are measured and analyzed.Meanwhile,various factors that may influence the corrosion rate of the pipes are studied by experiment.On the basis of the investigation and research,the causes of corrosion and leakage on the pipes are discovered.It is the process of dry de-dusting that is responsible,to a large extent,for the quick corrosion of the pipes.The equipment of spray tower is introduced and its effects are then discussed.This tower is designed to eliminate most of chloridion and neutralized the acid by spraying the alkaline water to the de-dusted gas flow.The practical operation shows that the tower helps to lessen the corrosiveness of the dry de-dusted gas effectively.The last part of this study analyzes the possible impacts of the dry-type de-dusting process of the newly built blast furnace (BF) on the main BFG piping which has been in the state of being corroded for years by estimating its potential corrosion rate,and some suggestions on maintenance are given as well.     

C（M）630型煤气鼓风机轴端气封改造

针对C（M）630型煤气鼓风机轴封漏煤气的问题,从轴封结构、维修技术、使用寿命等方面考虑,采用迷宫密封＋氮气辅助密封的形式进行改进,解决了轴封漏煤气的安全隐患。     

球团环冷机泄露原因分析

本文主要介绍了球团生产线的详细情形,深入剖析了在生产开展过程中球团环冷机可能出现的泄露问题并提出相应的解决方法。经过系统的治理手段,将球团环冷机的沙封槽改为水封槽,在相当程度上避免了漏风漏料等问题的发生,使得球团的运行稳定而健康能够保持平稳运行,拥有良好的节能效果,应用效果良好。