大口径水表性能及应用的研究

为提高大企业用水用户,在实际计量中的准确性,对大口径水表量程比等进行优化改进研究,从而达到最佳计量状态。模拟用水现场的环境条件等,在多个流量点下、压力不规则变化情况下检测水表,将检测所得的误差制成误差曲线,借此来分析水表的性能,并结合分析我公司大表用户用水特点来探讨大口径水表量程比的实际应用。     

浅谈水表及水表在住宅设计当中的选用

本文介绍了常见水表的种类和工作原理,对水表的四种流量以及流量之间的关系进行了说明。同时,对市场常见水表的规格以及流量进行了调查,以住宅建筑为例计算得出水表口径一般情况下比它所安装的管道小2至3个规格。设计中水表口径应根据建筑用水量的均匀性来确定选择常用流量或过载流量,还应满足消防情况下的流量要求。     

户表改造中水表保温措施研究

针对户表改造中水表的防冻保温措施进行了研究,为了解决北方城市冬季水表的冰冻问题,通过试验,研究了不同湿式水表的防冻性能,水表外套保温材料延长对水表冻结时间的影响,并验证了现阶段使用的单只水表表箱的防冻性能。     

高灵敏度水表实用化研究及经济效益分析

以佛山水业公司为例,通过开展水表串联试验及实用化试验,对比了高灵敏度水表与普通机械水表的实际性能,评估了新型高灵敏度水表的经济效益,试验表明,高灵敏度大口径水表与普通大口径水表相比,在常用流量段计量效率一致,但在低流量段,高灵敏度大口径水表计量效率远高于相同口径普通机械水表。     

智能化水表在供水行业中的应用

介绍了无线远程传输户表、IC卡预付费户表、远红外水表和流量计四种智能表在天津市的应用现状,分析了存在的问题,并提出了改进设想。     

鞍山市区民用水表精度调查与分析

运用数理统计的方法,以90％的置信度确定随机抽样样本,以离线水表检验代替在线水表示值相对误差,调查了鞍山市区在装水表的精度和结构。运用相关分析法分析了影响水表精度的主要因素及三个流量点误差的关系,建立回归方程预测了鞍山市区水表精度并进行了经济分析。     

住宅水表的精度等级及应用

住宅水表是指安装在用户家中或户外,针对家庭用水进行计量的水表,其口径为DN15～DN25,也称小口径水表。 过去,由于供水部门只抄表收费到单元楼或小区前,因此对住宅水表的质量和精度等级并不关心。而现在,随着一户一表计量收费工作的开展,供水部门为了降低自来水的产销差,杜绝不良用户用滴水使水表在小流量下计量不准等现象,正在逐步采用精度等级更高的水表。     

水表自转控制及远传系统的计量误差消除方法

针对水表自转这一突出问题,提出了水表的自转控制措施,详细地介绍了水表远传系统的计量误差消除方法,指出远传表具的过关为抄表系统的准确计量走出了最关键的一步,脉冲式抄表系统的计量误差是可以消除的。     

住宅常用水表类型选择

依据相关资料的要求和数据分析,讨论证旋翼式水表公称口径的确定,指出不但要满足人户管设计流量、水表水头损失和水表计量精确度等要求,还应考虑水表水头损失的大小对用户正常使用压力的影响.     

怎样选用性能优越、价格合理的水表

1、机械水表。用于自来水的机械水表一般有旋翼式水表、垂直螺翼式水表、水平螺翼式水表、复式表（子母表）；预付费智能水表（IC卡、代码水表）和容积式水表等。     

The apparent losses due to metering errors: a proactive approach to predict losses and schedule maintenance

The effects of water meter age and private tanks on the apparent losses due to metering errors were evaluated by experimental and theoretical analyses. A monitoring campaign on a small district metered area (DMA) was carried out to determine the causes of apparent losses and implement a numerical model. Metering errors are affected by the flow rate passing through the meter, which is dependent on the network pressure and water level of the private tank. A node model that reproduces the effect of private tanks was coupled with EPANET and was applied to the DMA. The proposed modelling approach was used to identify where apparent losses are higher and to schedule maintenance. The model predicted the results of the installation of a device that minimises the effect of private tanks on apparent losses, the unmeasured flow reducer (UFR), the economic impact of losses and substitution programmes.     

Quantifying measuring errors of new residential water meters considering different customer consumption patterns

Water meter measuring errors vary depending on the water flow rate. The difference between water actually consumed and registered by a meter will differ depending on how water consumption is distributed by flow rates. Published studies assessing the performance of new residential meters have only analysed the error curves of the meters – without calculating the influence that consumption patterns have on their field performance. In most cases, research has been limited to analysing compliance with published standards. This work presents an evaluation of the actual commercial losses to be expected considering the consumption characteristic of domestic users. Several types of residential meters have been tested and the error curves obtained have been combined with measured consumption patterns of domestic users. As a result, this paper provides information about the order of magnitude of the initial measuring error as a function of the residential meter model and user characteristics.     

Accuracy of single-jet water meters during filling of the pipe network in intermittent water supply

In intermittently operated water distribution systems the air intruded into the pipe network through the filling and emptying process must inevitably exit the system at some point. Part of this air is discharged through service connections and thus through water meters. Due to this air flow, water meters are being used contrary to their actual conception. This article presents a study in which the measurement error of single-jet water meters due to the filling process of an empty service connection is experimentally examined. It shows that this error is caused mainly by the air flow before the water front reaches the water meter. The correlation between the measurement error and the air volume in front of the water meter is almost linear. The impact of the water front, the presence of water-air mixtures or unsteady flow processes however, is shown to have very little influence on the results.     

Performance analysis of the domestic water meter park in water supply network of Ibarra,Ecuador

Apparent losses are one of the most important components of non-revenue water and mainly caused by water meter under-registration. This paper studies the performance of a water meter park from a developing country water utility in Ibarra city, Ecuador. The study includes three major aspects: water meter error curve reconstruction with seven different flow rates; water meter evaluation as a function of class, manufacturer and totalized registered volume, use of two water consumption patterns for weighted error determination and their influence on water balance and performance indicators analysis. Results indicate that 44% of analyzed meters works at optimal conditions. Weighted error obtained by using two different consumption patterns indicates a 0.95% difference, which has an important impact on water balance and performance indicator results. This detailed analysis of water meters can help to develop a more efficient water meter replacement strategy and to estimate apparent water loss volume more accurately.     

浅谈多层住宅给排水设计的几个问题

本文就华莲小区多层住宅给排水设计中给水管材的选用、管道的敷设方式、水表出户设置、家用热水器的设置及空调冷凝水排放等问题进行探讨,并提出一些具体看法。     

住宅旋翼式水表口径的合理选用

以相关资料的要求和数据为基础，分析住宅旋翼式水表的类型，并从《住宅建筑规范》GB500368—2005要求的卫生器具配置出发，经水力计算，提出了满足入户管设计流量和水表水头损失要求的水表公称口径。     

晋城市城市供水一户一表及水表出户探讨

介绍了城市供水一户一表、水表出户的现实意义，同时结合晋城市城市供水系统的改造情况，分别就六层以上单元住户及庭院居民户的水表出户的技术标准进行了探讨，以供参考。     

浅谈建筑节水

在介绍节水概念的基础上,通过使用节水型生活用水器具,完善热水供应循环系统,控制超压出流,合理设置和使用水表,提高管材、附件和施工质量,控制跑冒滴漏等,以达到节约用水的目的。