大宽隙比竖直矩形窄缝通道内混合对流传热的数值研究

用k- ε双方程模型研究了大宽隙比( 通道宽度与通道间隙之比> 25) 矩形窄缝通道内单相流体的混合对流换热问题。数值模拟结果表明, 大宽隙比窄缝通道内的混合对流存在着与圆管内混合对流相似的“中部热岛”现象,在给定流量下,壁面“热岛”现象随热流密度增大而加强,给定热流时壁面“热岛”随流量增加而减弱     

地电场对裂隙岩块中对流传热特性影响的研究

 根据原地浸出过程中裂隙岩块中对流传热过程受地电场作用的特点，建立地电场作用下裂隙岩块中的对流传热模型，并通过电场作用下岩芯中的对流传热实验，研究地电场作用对裂隙岩块中溶液对流传热特性的影响。结果表明：地电场作用对裂隙岩块中对流传热的影响非常明显，其影响程度同热流密度、流体渗流速度以及流体性质等因素相关；对流换热系数总体上随正向电场电压升高而增强，随反向电场电压升高而降低；地电场作用下，低热流密度时对流换热系数的变化幅度明显高于高热流密度下换热系数幅度的变化；地电场作用对裂隙岩块中对流传热的影响随着溶液渗流速度的增加逐渐减弱；裂隙岩块中溶液矿化度越高，地电场对对流传热的影响越明显。     

微通道中R134a换热特性的数值模拟研究

采用数值模拟软件CFX对R134a在当量直径为0.6 mm的微通道中沸腾换热两相流特性进行了数值模拟分析。研究了质量流速、热流密度、干度对沸腾换热的影响。结果表明:沸腾换热会导致管内压力降低,使得蒸发温度,换热系数随着质量流速的增大而增大。换热系数的峰值随热流密度的增大和质量流速的减小向干度较大的方向偏移。     

工业污水管内流动换热试验研究

为了探究工业污水不同工况下的管内对流换热特性,配制了模拟工业污水,并搭建了污水管内流动换热试验台,对工业污水在紫铜管换热管中的对流换热特性进行试验研究。揭示了工业污水在紫铜管内对流换热系数随雷诺数Re的变化规律,并得到污水侧努谢尔数Nu随雷诺数Re和普朗特数Pr的变化规律,拟合出了换热准则关联式。试验结果表明在3000相似文献   

混合对流作用下通风小室内流动换热的数值模拟

本文对一个侧壁受定热流作用的通风小室在两种气流组织型式下的混合对流换热情况进行了数值模拟,计算得到了流场,温度场及混合对流条件下室内的换热情况等随雷诺数Ｒａ的变化规律。     

U型地埋管三维非稳态流固耦合换热数值模拟研究

利用商用CFD软件Fluent6.3对U型地埋管三维非稳态流固耦合换热问题进行研究。为减少计算资源,首先对流场计算采用稳态计算方法,待流场计算收敛后,再单独对流固耦合换热非稳态温度场进行计算。比较了多层土壤结构与土壤物性参数加权平均后单层土壤结构的换热差异,结果表明换热差别在6％左右;研究了不同流速下,U型管的出口水温变化、不同截面处的换热量以及平均换热量,探讨了热短路现象发生的可能性,最后讨论了不同井深情况下的U型管的换热特性。论文的研究工作对今后U型管简化计算提供必要的依据。     

竖直埋地换热器内两相流动数值模拟

为了给直接膨胀式土壤源热泵U型铜管埋地换热器的优化设计提供理论依据,通过分析各因素对两相流动换热的影响,建立修正的两相流混合物模型,对直接膨胀式土壤源热泵地下换热系统供热工况下的三维流场和热交换过程进行了数值模拟.结果表明该模型符合工程精度要求,U型管与土壤的换热主要是在进口支管内完成,进一步增加U型管埋深并不会显著提高其换热性能.     

壁面下方圆管加热熔盐自然对流换热的数值研究

以熔融盐硝酸锂为工作介质,对壁面下方布置的水平圆管自然对流换热进行了数值模拟,研究了圆管周围热羽流态的变化,以及上壁面和圆管间距(h/d)对圆管壁面自然对流换热特性的影响。结果发现:h/d=1时,随着Ra增大,上壁面和圆管间流动滞止区逐渐压缩,热羽逐渐从圆管左右上方移向正上方,圆管顶部换热主要方式从导热变为自然对流;圆管壁面自然对流换热性能随着上壁面远离逐渐增强并趋于稳定,临界间距随着Ra增大而减小;对于Ra≥10 000的自然对流,当h/d≥3以后,上壁面对圆管换热几乎没有影响。     

微胶囊相变悬浮液传热特性的实验研究

介绍了微胶囊相变悬浮液的研究进展。建立了微胶囊相变悬浮液层流传热特性的实验系统,对其在定热流密度加热条件下的管内层流强迫对流传热特性进行了测试和分析。影响传热强化的主要因素为雷诺数及微胶囊的体积分数,斯蒂芬数的影响很小,可以忽略不计。微胶囊相变悬浮液的管内层流强迫对流传热的修正努塞尔数是水的2.5~3.0倍,修正努塞尔数随着雷诺数及微胶囊体积分数的增加而增大。     

内插扇形锥形片流动与换热特性的数值模拟

对管壳式换热器管程换热部分进行了分析,提出采用扇形锥形片的方式来强化换热,通过数值模拟计算的方法,在恒热流条件下,选取了不同的结构参数,并对不同的结构参数在5种雷诺数下进行模拟,讨论了倾角和片距以及叶片数对努塞尔数、阻力系数、综合性能的影响,结果表明,内插扇形锥形片能够显著强化换热,努塞尔数和摩擦系数随叶片数和倾角的增大而增大,随片距的增大而减小,适当的选取叶片数和倾角以及片距可以提高综合换热性能。     

太阳集热墙通道中气流速度场与温度场的协同性探讨

为了有效提高太阳能的热利用率,本文运用对流换热场协同理论对太阳集热墙通道中的气流速度场和温度场进行了研究,探讨了通道内温度梯度的方向和气流速度比(u/v)对场协同角及对流换热贡献率的影响规律。研究得出:太阳集热墙通道中的场协同性主要取决于集热墙板的形状和通道中气流的输运工况,改善集热墙板的形状可形成有益于对流换热的温度梯度方向角(θ);当θ一定时(θ≠0°),随着气流速度比的增加,对换热的贡献亦增加,且θ越大,效果越明显。由此提出了优化太阳集热墙集热板的思路,设计了一种带孔折型集热板的太阳墙系统并进行了实验验证。     

Simulation of mixed convection flow in a room with a two-layer turbulence model

Most indoor airflows are mixed convection. In order to simulate mixed convection accurately and efficiently, this paper uses a two-layer turbulence model. The two-layer model combines a one-equation model for near wall flow together with the standard k-epsilon model for outer-wall flow. The model has been used to predict the mixed convection by displacement ventilation in an office. The computed results agree well with the corresponding airflow pattern and the distributions of air temperature, air velocity, air velocity fluctuation, and tracer-gas concentration. The model can predict correctly heat transfer from a wall where the standard k-epsilon model and re-normalization group (RNG) k-epsilon model with wall functions often fails. The computing cost required by the two-layer model is comparable to that of the standard k-epsilon model and RNG k-epsilon model and is significantly less than that by a low-Reynolds number model.     

空心砖瞬态传热数值研究

利用自然对流和热传导的物理耦合模型,控制方程采用有限容积法,求解算法使用SIMPLE算法,研究了空心砖在外界环境变化条件下的瞬态传热规律。通过计算得到空心砖内外壁温的变化情况及延迟特性,同时也研究了通过空心砖的热流变化规律,并与实心砖的传热过程比较,发现实心砖和空心砖的内壁面温度的延迟相差不大。而空心砖与实心砖热流量相差很大,实心砖的平均热流约比空心砖平均热流大41.5%,说明空心砖节能效果显著。     

A data analysis method for detecting wall thermal resistance considering wind velocity in situ

To improve the accuracy of data analysis methods for the field measurement of wall thermal resistance, a method considering wind velocity is presented through an analysis of both surface heat flux and temperature samples. This analysis method takes the wall heat transfer of linear system into account, simplifying the first order differential equation of wall transient response based on the nodes of the interior and exterior wall surfaces. An approximate solution has been proposed in the form of time domain interpolation. By applying the weighted residual method for the approximate solution, the data analysis method about temperature, heat flux, and wind velocity can be achieved.A transient heat transfer model of a wall was established applying the infinite difference method, by which the proposed analysis method was validated in this paper. Additionally, the heat flow meter experiment platform considering wind velocity was built, on which the proposed method, the mean method and the dynamic analysis method suggested by the international standard ISO 9869 were applied to the test wall under different wind velocities. The wall thermal resistance value obtained in our proposed method has proven to be in better agreement with that obtained for a steady state.     

U型管地热换热器热作用半径的数值模拟

针对竖直U型埋管地热换热器土壤传热范围的问题,建立了U型埋地换热器三维非稳态传热模型。U型管与土壤间的传热受诸多因素的影响,本文采用CFD软件FLUENT对U型管的进口温度、进口流速、运行时间、土壤初始温度以及土壤热物性在夏季不同工况下对U型管热作用半径的影响进行了数值模拟研究。本文得出的结果可以用来指导地源热泵工程的设计。     

A simplified model of heat transfer at an indoor window glazing surface with a Venetian blind

In this article, a simplified model is developed to predict the radiative and convective heat transfer in a complex fenestration system consisting of a Venetian blind located adjacent to an indoor window glazing. Empirical correlations for natural convection in an asymmetrically heated channel and an isolated flat plate are used in this one-dimensional simplified model. In this simplified model, an energy balance is performed at the blind surface using a mean blind temperature. The radiative heat exchange between the blind, window and room is calculated using a four surface grey-diffuse model, which is coupled to the convective heat transfer. The simplified model has been developed using experimental and numerical data from the literature. Sample results are presented that illustrate the effect of blind slat angle, blind-to-window spacing and absorbed solar heat flux on the heat transfer at the window surface.     

Time-domain transient thermal response of structural elements

An analytical solution of one dimensional unsteady heat conduction applicable to heat transfer through structural elements forms the basis of a mathematical model to describe transient response while absorbed heat flux is constant. This is useful for determination of starting transients or time delays in heat transfer. It also enables simple calculation of thermal time constant as a first step to predict frequency response before proceeding to analysis in the frequency domain.Solar absorption and simultaneous forced convection at exterior building surfaces together with the linked conduction through homogeneous wall etc., plus convection at inside surfaces contributes to an overall heat balance for heat gains and losses. Calculations show the extent to which a house wall is a governing thermal resistance.Analytical work is finally presented in normalized graphical form to illustrate transient temperature profiles across homogeneous structural elements and the related transient heat flux at inside surfaces.     

环境条件对建筑墙体热流现场测试影响的研究

通过建立墙体不稳定传热模型,并结合程序进行墙体传热数值模拟计算,分析环境条件（如太阳辐射、室外温度、室外风速）对多种墙体（不同朝向、壁厚等）热流值的影响情况,并提出了减小这些影响因素的措施和建议。