基于Fe3O4@SiO2-MIPs富集/表面增强拉曼光谱检测孔雀石绿的研究

以乙烯基修饰的二氧化硅包覆磁性纳米材料为载体,孔雀石绿(MG)为模板分子,采用表面印迹技术制备了具有核壳结构的磁性分子印迹聚合物Fe3O4@Si O2-MIPs(MG)。运用透射电镜(TEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)等技术对聚合物进行结构表征,并开展吸附性能研究。实验结果表明,所制备的Fe3O4@Si O2-MIPs(MG)对MG具有优异的分子识别能力和良好的选择性吸附性能,实现了对养殖水和虾肉中MG的高效富集,采用纳米银表面增强拉曼光谱定量,检测限分别达到0.5 ng/m L和6 ng/g,具有广阔的应用推广前景。     

目标物诱导的等离子激元耦合以及表面增强拉曼光谱用于牛奶中三聚氰胺的检测

该文报道了一种基于目标物诱导的等离子激元耦合以及表面增强拉曼光谱、利用未修饰的金纳米颗粒检测牛奶中三聚氰胺的新颖、免标记、易操作的纳米生物传感方法。三聚氰胺与聚T寡核苷酸的结合使得金纳米颗粒不稳定,从而导致盐诱导的单分散金纳米颗粒发生团聚。而团聚的金纳米颗粒能够产生等离子激元耦合,并引发了表面拉曼信号的增强。该方法不仅在设计上简单、直接,而且在具体实验操作中也是非常快速和方便的。该方法能够在实际牛奶样品中检测三聚氰胺．检测限为8nmol／L。     

一种新型包埋染料的核壳纳米颗粒表面增强共振拉曼探针的研制及其在免疫分析中的应用

应用于生物分析的纳米探针主要包括:等离子体共振颗粒探针,量子点、荧光探针和拉曼探针等等.拉曼探针跟其它纳米颗粒探针相比,其重要的优点是它能提供丰富的分子结构信息,从而很大程度上避免了光谱重叠,有可能研制出各种不同的拉曼探针.特别值得注意的是,基于表面增强与共振增强相结合的纳米拉曼探针,能超灵敏地、高特异性地检测生物分子.该文采用了一种新型的合成方法,成功地制备了以纳米金为核,二氧化硅为外壳,且其中包埋有染料的金/二氧化硅核壳纳米颗粒,并把它作为一种表面增强共振拉曼(SERRS)探针用于免疫分析.     

Au纳米粒子修饰纳米片状结构衬底的SERS研究

通过电化学共沉积和化学脱合金处理在金属W片上制备了纳米片状基底,将Au纳米粒子通过等离子溅射到纳米片状基底上得到表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)衬底。采用扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)、能谱仪(EDX)对复合纳米衬底进行表征,罗丹明6G作为探测分子对SERS衬底的拉曼表面增强效果进行检测。通过实验发现:三维空间结构的纳米片状结构具有拉曼表面增强效应,溅射Au纳米颗粒得到的Au纳米片衬底信号增强效果显著。     

不同利用方式下黄泥土中胡敏酸对芘的吸附特性初探

采用高效液相色谱法测定三种不同利用方式下黄泥土中胡敏酸对芘的吸附效应。结果表明:桑园、水田、水杉土壤中胡敏酸对芘的吸附在低浓度范围近似线性,而浓度较高时,吸附曲线的非线性增强,三者呈现相似的非线性吸附。但是,十年时间的不同利用方式对土壤中胡敏酸元素组成影响较小,桑园、水田、水杉土壤中胡敏酸对芘的吸附分配系数有一定差别,说明不同胡敏酸对芘的吸附能力不同,必然与其组成结构有关。不同利用方式下黄泥土中胡敏酸对芘的吸附等温线用Freundlich等温方程拟合效果很好,均达到显著相关。     

聚乙烯缩丁醛膜固定聚亚甲基蓝和纳米银修饰的葡萄糖生物传感器

用循环伏安法在玻碳电极上电聚合一层稳定的亚甲蓝聚合物膜,研究了这层膜在0.1 mol/L磷酸缓冲溶液(pH 7.0)中的电化学性质.用纳米银颗粒吸附葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD),采用乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)为辅助固酶基质将其固定于亚甲蓝修饰的玻碳电极表面,制成了新型葡萄糖生物传感器.实验发现,加入纳米银后提高了酶电极对葡萄糖的电流响应,所制备的传感器具有响应快、灵敏度高、稳定性好,对葡萄糖的线性响应范围为2.5×10-6～2×10-3mol/L,检测下限为1×10-6 mol/L,并具有抗坏血酸、抗尿酸干扰的特点.     

不同尺度下颗粒活性炭表面分形特征的研究

采用图象法、染料吸附和N2吸附-脱附实验分别确定颗粒活性炭的表面分形维数,探讨不同尺度下颗粒活性炭的表面分形特征,为描述环境污染物在颗粒活性炭介质微界面上的传质、反应的非线性规律提供支撑。结果表明,颗粒活性炭的表面从分子尺度(几个A)到微观尺度(几个微米)之间一般都具有多分形特征,且不同尺度范围内的表面分形维数差异较大．在研究尺度的范围内．图象分辨率的增大,相应的Ds一般呈变小的趋势,但图象法确定的纳米尺度下的Ds值远小于吸附法确定的A尺度下的Ds值。SEM图象计算出的Ds为2．04-2．39,AFM图象计算出的Ds为2．00-2．43。N2吸附-脱附法确定颗粒活性炭孔表面分形维数Ds为2．97以上,比分形吸附等温线确定的外表面和部分孔表面综合的表面分形维数值Ds=2．59高出许多。另外,图象法确定的表面分形特征的尺度变化范围约为100-102量级之间,确定的表面分形维数是纯粹几何意义上的表面粗糙特征的描述,可能需要多角度的大量代表性图片来综合分析;而吸附法是描述颗粒特定尺度下整个表面的粗糙程度。它们在同一尺度下的分形维数值是否相关或相等,依然是需要我们进一步的探讨。     

表面增强拉曼光谱在环境分析中的研究进展

表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)效应是一种异常的表面光学效应,其增强因子最大可达到1014～1015.环境污染导致人类生存环境受到严重影响.某些污染物,比如持久性污染物,在环境介质中含量低,毒性大,很少能够直接检测出来.因此必须采用更灵敏的方法和技术.由于SERS效应的高灵敏性,SELLS技术有望成为超灵敏分析环境污染物的一种工具.该文综述了表面增强拉曼光谱在环境污染物检测中的研究进展,并提出SERS传感器将是很重要的发展方向.     

基于手性等离激元超表面的生化检测技术研究进展

超表面由亚波长尺度的人工微纳结构组成,可增强共振波长下光与物质的相互作用,并提高近场生化分子的信号强度。其中,手性等离激元超表面可稳定有效地增强手性分子的手性信号,有助于实现对痕量分子的检测。为满足生物、化学、环境等诸多领域对检测器件的高分辨率和高灵敏度要求,基于手性等离激元超表面的生化检测技术研究日益丰富。作者综述了手性等离激元超表面生化检测的机制及手性等离激元超表面的研究进展。在生化检测方面,作者介绍了手性等离激元超表面在环境介质检测、手性检测、荧光检测及表面增强拉曼检测中的典型应用。最后,作者对手性等离激元超表面在生化检测领域的应用前景进行了展望。     

激光激发下拉曼光谱相对辐射定标模型研究

为了提高变压器油中气体检测性能,提出基于激光激发下拉曼光谱的相对辐射定标模型,采用激光成像技术进行拉曼光谱图像成像处理,提取拉曼光谱图像的边缘轮廓特征量,采用多尺度小波降噪方法进行激光激发下拉曼光谱图像降噪滤波,在邻域内采用颜色梯度分解方法进行拉曼光谱图像区域融合性增强处理,根据激光激发下拉曼光谱图像RGB值与邻域均值实现拉曼光谱相对辐射标定和检测,提高拉曼光谱图像的相对辐射定标能力。仿真结果表明,采用该方法进行激光激发下拉曼光谱相对辐射定标的准确性较高,识别精度较高,图像信息增强性能较好。     

交流电沉积制备纳米枝晶拉曼基底

使用交流电沉积方法在预定的微区域内制备了纳米枝晶表面增强拉曼散射基底。通过调节交流和偏置直流电压可以控制基底的形貌、位置以及生长方向。从电化学过程、液电耦合场2个角度对拉曼基底的生长机理进行了阐述。激光共焦显微拉曼实验进一步表明：使用四巯基吡啶作为指针分子,该基底具有良好的拉曼活性。     

Nanopillar-forest based surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates

In this work,nanopillar-forest based surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates were fabricated using a novel approach.The key technique of the approach is taking advantage of convexes on Poly-Si surfaces as support structures in sidewall technology.The tip-diameters of the fabricated nanopillars are from 5 to 10 nm,heights are of several microns,and density of the nanopillar-based forests is around 20/μm2.In these nanopillar forests,there are plenty of nanoscale gaps.When covered with a thin layer of noble metal,the nanopillar forests exhibit a high SERS-active capability.Primary measurement results demonstrate that the nanopillar-forest based SERS substrates have an enhancement factor of an order of 4.62×106.It is expected that such SERS substrates may have applications in biological monitoring and chemical detection.     

Optofluidic SERS: synergizing photonics and microfluidics for chemical and biological analysis

Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) leverages the specificity of Raman scattering and the sensitivity provided by localized plasmonic effects for applications in chemical and biomolecular detection. However, nearly four decades after the first report of SERS, practical uses of the technique remain limited. Optofluidic SERS??the synergistic use of microfluidics to improve the performance of SERS??may finally lead to practical devices for chemical and biomolecular detection. In this review, we describe recent advances in optofluidic SERS microsystems that have been developed to improve the performance and applicability of SERS. These techniques include designs that improve the light?Canalyte interaction, that perform active or passive concentration of metal nanoparticles and/or analyte molecules, and that utilize microfluidic techniques to improve functionality. In addition, we present optofluidic SERS techniques that enable new applications that have not been possible before the advent of optofluidics. Finally, we project future advances in optofluidic SERS and present a vision for the disruptive technologies that will enable the translation of SERS from the research lab to practical uses.     

三维泡沫石墨烯在抗坏血酸的干扰下检测尿酸

该文采用化学气相沉积法在泡沫镍上生长石墨烯,通过扫描电镜、X射线衍射、拉曼光谱对生成产物的形貌和结构分别进行了表征。结果表明：所制得的石墨烯为具有三维网状结构且层数较少的石墨烯。将三维泡沫石墨烯转移到ITO玻璃上制成生物传感器的工作电极,利用电化学工作站对尿酸和抗坏血酸进行检测．电化学测试结果表明：三维泡沫石墨烯修饰电极在抗坏血酸的干扰下可以准确的检测尿酸,其灵敏度为0．274μA／（μmol／L）,线性范围为10-100μmol／L。     

Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy and its application to molecular and cellular analysis

In this paper, we review the state-of-the-art in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) based optical detection techniques with an application focus on cancer diagnostics. As we describe herein, SERS has several analytical, biological and engineering advantages over other methods including extremely high sensitivity, inherent molecular specificity of unlabeled targets, and narrow spectral bands. We review advances in both in vitro and in vivo applications of SERS and examine how technical issues with the technology are being addressed. A special technology focus is given to emerging optofluidic devices which aim to merge microfluidic and optical detection technologies into simple packages. We conclude with a brief discussion of some of the emerging challenges in the field and some of the approaches that are likely to enhance their application. Y. S. Huh and A. J. Chung contributed equally.     

基于Ag纳米粒子的LSPR传感器装置设计与实现

设计了一种集原位芯片制备和在线检测于一体的局域表面等离子体共振(LSPR)生物传感器装置,减少了检测过程中芯片移动产生的误差,并实现了小型化、在线化、简易化的目标。在该装置上利用电沉积法制备了Ag纳米粒子的LSPR芯片,实验测试结果表明:氧化铟锡(ITO)层厚度为23±5 nm时,在-1.4 V电位,制得折射率灵敏度为246 nm/RIU的LSPR芯片。     

Investigation of Raman enhancement in hydrothermally roughened SERS-active substrates

In this work, we study surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) active substrates for the detection of Rhodamine 6G. To examine the electromagnetic enhancement, we apply the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) algorithm to analyze the structures by solving a set of coupled Maxwell's equations (Ampere's Law and Faraday's Law) in differential form. The field enhancements are thus investigated in the visible regime with the wavelength of 633 nm. In our experimental measurement, the surface enhanced Raman scattering signals from the surface of substrates with 12-hour treatment and without treatment are performed and compared. Through the three-dimensional (3D) FDTD calculation, we find that the hydrothermally 12-hour treated samples possess significantly vertical variations of surface and thus have relatively larger field enhancement than those without treated. Consequently, it implies a strong positive effect on the surface enhancement which is consistent with the measured intensity.     

Large-area Raman enhancement substrates using spontaneous dewetting of gold films and silver nanoparticles deposition

We present a cost-effective method for making large-area surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates by using spontaneous dewetting of ultrathin gold film. The dewetting of 5-nm-thick gold film formed high-density gold islands ranged from 40 nm to 80 nm. The measured SERS signal was 5 times stronger than synthesised gold nanoparticles. The SERS signals can be further increased by depositing small silver nanoparticles on the dewetted film. The experimental results showed 5-nm-thick silver coating increased SERS signals up to 10 times. The calculations by finite-difference time-domain method verified such SERS enhancement originated from enhanced electric fields between gold islands and silver nanoparticles. In the application, we demonstrated an all-optical measurement of pH values in microfluidic devices by using SERS signals of para-mercaptobenzoic acid.