纳米CuO的制备及其表面改性

以氯化铜和碳酸钠为原料,采用直接沉淀法制备纳米CuO.分析了超声振荡时间、反应物浓度和反应物配比对纳米CuO在水溶液中分散性的影响,得到制备纳米CuO的最佳反应条件.选用两种典型类型表面活性剂对纳米CuO进行表面改性, 通过沉降实验,观察了其对纳米CuO在水溶液分散体系中悬浮稳定性的影响,筛选出适宜的表面活性剂.     

非离子表面活性剂改性羟基磷灰石粉体的制备

采用化学沉淀法将硝酸钙、磷酸氢二铵按摩尔比5:3配成溶液,加入不同质量非离子表面活性剂聚乙二醇(PEG)、聚乙烯醇(PVA),使其质量占羟基磷灰石(HA)质量分别为1％、2％、3％、4％、5％,经750℃热处理2 h,从而制取表面活性剂改性的HA粉末.对粉末进行粒度分布测量、FT-IR测试、XRD衍射分析和SEM表征.结果表明:常压60℃下制备改性的HA粉末纯度高,结晶度低.其中PEG改性HA粉末物相为Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2、Ca3(PO4)2和Ca2P2O7,添加3％PEG粉体中位径(D50)为13.55μm,OH-吸收峰最强,HA含量为纯相,结晶程度趋于完善;PVA改性HA粉末物相只有Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2,添加3％PVA粉体中位径(D50)为7.068μm,结晶程度趋于完善,HA粉末的团聚程度最小,比表面积最大为607.4 m2/kg.PVA对HA团聚程度的分散性优于PEG.     

钛酸锶高纯超细粉制备新工艺的研究

研究了一种制备ＳｒＴｉＯ３高纯超细粉的新方法；将ＴｉＣｌ４水解产物在强碱性条件下与锶盐溶液反应直接合成ＳｒＴｉＯ３粉料。原料液Ｓｒ／Ｔｉ比、碱用量和反应温度对粉料中ＳｒＴｉＯ３含量有影响，在体系中加入乙醇可以改善粉料性能。     

表面活性剂对纳米羟基磷灰石制备影响的研究

纳米羟基磷灰石(nano-HAP)的制备工艺在有效控制晶形、尺寸、稳定性等方面尚不成熟,阻碍了它的应用发展。采用化学沉淀法,以Ca(NO3)2.4H2O和(NH4)2HPO4为主要原料合成nano-HAP,在一定工艺条件下通过添加表面活性剂改善制备效果,用XRD、TEM、IR等检测手段表征产物,研究了聚乙二醇-400、聚乙二醇-6000、聚乙烯醇和吐温-80等4种表面活性剂对产物的形貌、粒径、结晶度、分散性等的影响。结果表明:在实验条件下,添加聚乙二醇-400的制备效果最佳,可得平均粒径约为20 nm、结晶度高、稳定性好的高纯nano-HAP针状晶体。     

钛酸锶高纯超细粉制备新工艺的研究

研究了一种制备ＳｒＴｉＯ３高纯超细粉的新方法：将ＴｉＣｌ４水解产物在强碱性条件下与锶盐溶液反应直接合成ＳｒＴｉＯ３粉料，原料液Ｓｒ／Ｔｉ比、碱用量和反应温度对粉料中ＳｒＴｉＯ３含量有影响，在体系中加入乙醇可以改善粉料性能。     

表面活性剂对纳米氧化锌粉体分散性的影响

以硝酸锌、碳酸氢铵为原料,通过沉淀反应制备ZnO超细粉体。考察了制备过程中不同种类、添加量的表面活性剂(DBS、PEG、Tw-80)对ZnO粉体平均粒径的影响。试验结果表明:在沉淀过程中添加表面活性剂可抑制前驱体碱式碳酸锌的长大和团聚,制备出的ZnO粒径小,粒径分布范围窄,且Tw-80的分散效果优于DBS和PEG。     

纳米钛酸锶粉体的制备及光催化研究

以乙酸锶和钛酸丁酯为前驱物,采用溶胶-凝胶法在低温下合成了高纯、超细SrTiO3粉体。采用扫描电镜及紫外吸收等测试手段,对制备的SrTiO3粉体的基本特性进行了表征,并对其光催化特性进行了研究。结果表明:随着热处理温度的升高,粉体的紫外吸收峰出现红移现象;降解率随时间的增加而增加,但随着光催化反应时间的延长,降解活性有所降低;800℃下钛酸锶粉体的甲基橙脱色率可达到78%。     

纳米氢氧化镁阻燃剂的制备研究

以氯化镁和氨水为原料,加入适量聚乙二醇(PEG2000)作为表面活性剂,利用直接沉淀法合成了粉末状、粒度均匀且分散性好的纳米氢氧化镁。考察了体系温度、沉淀时间、搅拌速率、反应物配比、PEG2000用量对氢氧化镁颗粒平均粒径的影响,并采用透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)对颗粒结构进行表征。结果表明,制备纳米氢氧化镁的适宜的工艺条件为:体系温度25℃,沉淀时间20 min,搅拌速率500 r/min,反应物氯化镁和氨水的配比(摩尔比)为1∶3.0,PEG2000用量为1.50 g/mol MgCl2。     

低温直接沉淀法制备钛酸锶纳米粉体的研究

采用低温直接沉淀法,以SrCl_2·6H_2O和TiCl_4为原料,NaOH为沉淀剂合成SrTiO_3粉体。研究了反应时间、反应温度、起始料液浓度,以及分散剂的加入对产物形貌、粒度、分散性的影响。通过对产物进行FTIR、SEM、XRD和粒度表征分析,得出最佳制备条件:当pH=13,温度75℃,时间4h,起始料液浓度(SrCl21.2mol/L、TiCl41.2mol/L),反应体系加入分散剂PEG4000(0.5%),可以制备出低团聚、平均粒度(50⁷0nm)的纳米级钛酸锶粉体。     

低温直接沉淀法制备钛酸锶纳米粉体的研究

采用低温直接沉淀法,以SrCl_2·6H_2O和TiCl_4为原料,NaOH为沉淀剂合成SrTiO_3粉体。研究了反应时间、反应温度、起始料液浓度,以及分散剂的加入对产物形貌、粒度、分散性的影响。通过对产物进行FTIR、SEM、XRD和粒度表征分析,得出最佳制备条件:当pH=13,温度75℃,时间4h,起始料液浓度(SrCl21.2mol/L、TiCl41.2mol/L),反应体系加入分散剂PEG4000(0.5%),可以制备出低团聚、平均粒度(50~70nm)的纳米级钛酸锶粉体。     

钛酸锶钡压电陶瓷超细粉体的水热法合成

采用水热工艺制备不同组成的BaxSr1-xTiO3(BST)，利用FT-IR，XRD，TEM等技术分析了水热反应转变机理及相结构转变情况，同时对影响合成的工艺参数以及不同组成材料的居里温度变化进行了研究。结果表明：获得的BST粉体颗粒粒度较细，粒径为20～40nm。其最佳的工艺参数为n(Ba)／n(Ti)=3，n(Sr)／n(Ti)=1／4或者n(Ba)／n(Ti)=1／3，n(Sr)／n(Ti)=4／5，cKOH=1．5～2mol／L。制得不同组成粉体的居里温度呈规律性变化。     

钛酸锶粉体合成新方法研究

以四氯化钛和氯化锶为原料，碳酸铵和氨水作沉淀剂化学共沉淀法合成钛酸锶粉体，研究了工艺条件对产品纯度和锶钛比的影响，最佳反应条件为：氯化锶与四氯化钛摩尔比为1．02，碳酸铵与氯化锶摩尔比为1．40，反应温度为室温，反应时间4h,pH=10，煅烧温度900℃，煅烧时间4h，所得产品经化学，红外光谱，电镜，X－射线衍射和原子发射光谱分析，分析结果显示：产品纯度高，粒径小，锶钛化合适。     

Preparation and characterization of single-crystalline barium strontium titanate nanocubes via solvothermal method

Single-crystalline barium strontium titanate nanocubes were synthesized via the solvothermal synthesis using TiCl₄-BaCl₂ as precursors in the mixed solvent of water-ethanol-ethylene glycol monomethyl ether. The products were characterized by XRD, TEM and XRF. The well-dispersed barium strontium titanate nanocubes with narrow particle size distribution may be attained by this simple solvothermal method and the particle morphology and size of powders are dependent on Sr/(Sr + Ba) mole ratio in reactants.     

Synthesis of barium strontium titanate nanopowders by microwave hydrothermal method

Barium strontium titanate (BST) powders of high purity, good crystallinity and well dispersed with a diameter of 50–90?nm are prepared by microwave hydrothermal method using tetrabutyl titanate, barium nitrate and strontium nitrate as the main raw materials. The phase composition, element composition and microstructure of the powders are characterised by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that Ba_0.6Sr_0.4TiO₃ powders could be synthesised under the conditions that the reaction temperature is 70°C, the reaction time is 10?min, and the value of pH is 14, which indicates that the reaction temperature, time and the value of pH have a great effect on the crystallinity of nanopowders, and the dispersant (OP-10) plays a role in the dispersion of the nanopowders.     

锆钛酸锶的烧结及其介电性能表征

以四氯化钛、氧氯化锆、硝酸锶和氢氧化钠为原料,采用共沉淀法在25℃反应90℃陈化2h制备了锆钛酸锶(SrTixZr1-xO3)粉体,用X射线衍射(XRD)表征了锆钛酸锶粉体的物相.用透射电子显微镜表征了锆钛酸锶粉体的粒径.并采用干压成型法压制素坯进行烧结;确定了烧结制度为:升温速率3℃/min,1 400℃保温4h.对烧结后的陶瓷坯体进行介电性能表征,在1 kHz下SrTio.7 Zr0 3 O3陶瓷坯体的相对介电常数为135.6,介电损耗tanδ为24.4×10-3;SrTi0 5 Zro.5 O3陶瓷坯体的相对介电常数为122.3,介电损耗tanδ为137.38×10-3.     

钛酸锶生产工艺的现状与发展

论述了电子陶瓷材料钛酸锶生产工艺的现状与发展,讨论了各种方法的优缺点。     

钙钛矿型纳米钛酸铅的制备

以无水醋酸铅和钛酸丁酯为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了钙钛矿型纳米钛酸铅（PbTiO₃）粉体。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、粒度测试、扫描电镜(SEM)等分析测试手段,对制备的钛酸铅纳米粉体的结构、性质和形貌进行了表征,并讨论了影响溶胶-凝胶过程的诸因素。研究结果表明:无水乙醇、水解温度、丙三醇和热处理温度等因素均对溶胶-凝胶过程有明显的影响,其中反应温度对胶体形成时间的影响最明显。钙钛矿型钛酸铅晶体在450 ℃时形成,随着热处理温度的升高,粉体的物相组成也将发生变化。钛酸铅干凝胶在600 ℃热处理2 h后可以得到结晶程度很高、平均粒径为53.7 nm、颗粒大小分布均匀的纳米钛酸铅粉体。     

Composition and annealing effects on the linear electro-optic response of solution-deposited barium strontium titanate

Chemical solution deposition was used to deposit epitaxial Ba_xSr_(1−x)TiO₃ thin films on SrTiO₃ template layers on Si(001) for x = 1.0, 0.7, 0.5, 0.3, and 0.0. Effective Pockels coefficients were determined as a function of film composition both for as-deposited films (crystallized at 600°C) and for the films after annealing at 750°C for 10 hours. Pockels response decreased monotonically with decreasing Ba content and coefficients were higher for annealed films, reaching 89 ± 3 pm/V for annealed BaTiO₃. These results are contextualized with the aid of X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission microscopy, which illuminated the crystallinity and defect nature of the films.     

Conductivity of iron-doped strontium titanate in the quenched and degraded states

The electrical behavior of iron-doped strontium titanate (Fe:SrTiO₃) single crystals equilibrated at 900°C and quenched below 400°C at various oxygen partial pressures () was investigated via impedance spectroscopy and compared to defect chemistry models. Fe:SrTiO₃ annealed and quenched between 1.2 × 10⁻¹⁴ and 2.0 × 10⁻⁴ Pa exhibits a conduction activation energy (E_A) around 0.6 eV, consistent with ionic conduction of oxygen vacancies. However, sudden changes in E_A are found to either side of this range; a transition from 0.6 to 1 eV is found in more oxidizing conditions, while a sudden transition to 1.1 and then 0.23 eV is found in reducing These transitions, not described by the widely used canonical model, are consistent with predictions of transitions from ionic to electronic conductivity, based on first principles point defect chemistry simulations. These models demonstrate that activation energies in mixed conductors may not correlate to specific conduction mechanisms, but are determined by the cumulative response of all operative conduction processes and are very sensitive to impurities. A comparison to electrically degraded Fe:SrTiO₃ provides insight into the origins of the conductivity activation energies observed in those samples.     

Effect of strontium doping on structural and dielectric behaviour of barium titanate nanoceramics

ABSTRACT

Barium strontium titanate (Ba_(1?x)Sr_xTiO₃ where, x?=?0.0, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5) nanoparticles have been successfully synthesised by sol–gel method and characterised thoroughly. With the increase in Sr concentration (x?>?0.3), the symmetry of the crystal structure changed from tetragonal to cubic phase. The dielectric behaviour of the ceramic nanoparticles was evaluated using impedance analyser with an operating frequency of 1?Hz to 1?MHz. A very high dielectric constant 4915 was obtained for Ba_0.7Sr_0.3TiO₃ at 1?Hz frequency with low dielectric loss of 1.91, which showed very good value than the one previously reported. The density of the material was found to be >98% of theoretical density. Dielectric constants were measured by varying the temperature from 35 to 150°C and the Curie temperatures were also evaluated. The small amount of Sr doping was beneficial for obtaining high dielectric constant material which can be used in various electronic applications.