质量功能配置研究现状及进展——兼谈对我国QFD研究？…

质量功能配置（ＱＦＤ）是近年来兴直的将顾客需求展开到产品开发过程的一种系统化方法。本文在介绍ＱＦＤ的发展历史基础上，综述了国内外ＱＦＤ研究现状及进展，并对我国ＱＦＤ的研究一应用进行讨论、作者认为，ＱＦＤ是提高我国企业新产品开发能力进而提高企业市场竞争的重要手段，智能支持并行工程的ＱＦＤ系统及实现ＱＦＤ与其它设计技术的集成是ＱＦＤ研究的主要方向。     

并行工程在我国的研究与应用

并行工程的核心问题是产品开发过程中的管理与技术的综合集成,以小组为工作模式,以改进产品开发流程为核心,通过数字化产品模型定义ＤＦＡ、ＤＦＭ、ＤＦＤ、产品数据管理技术,在产品开发早期综合考虑产品生命周期中的各种因素,力争优化的Ｔ,Ｑ,Ｃ,,Ｓ指标。并行工程是解决企业产品开发问题的有效方法,是提高我国企业产品能力的重要手段。本文详细介绍了并行工程在我国的项目研究、技术攻关和应用实施等情况。     

QFD方法的实现与软件开发研究

质量功能布置（ＱｕａｌｉｔｙＦｕｎｃｔｉｏｎＤｅｐｌｏｙｍｅｄｎｔ－ＱＦＤ）是近年来在世界范围内广泛应用于产品开发，设计的一种系统化方法，并取得了显著效果。近年来有关ＱＤ理论方面的研究比较多，但有关开发ＱＦＤ应用软件的研究甚少。本文通过分析ＱＦＤ理论上的进展给ＱＦＤ的应用和实现带来的诸多技术困难，提出运用计算机支持的协同工作（Ｃｏｍｐｕｔｅｒ－ＳｕｐｐｏｒｔｅｄＣｏｏｐｅｒａｔｉｖｅＷｏｒｋ－ＣＳ     

FMS故障诊断专家系统的研究与设计

介绍了一个ＦＭＳ故障诊断专家系统（ＦＭＳ－ＦＤＥＳ）的结构和ＦＭＳ的故障建模方法，讨论了系统中采用的故障处理策略、知识表示方法及推理机制。     

并行工程下的面向制造、装配的产品设计方法

并行工程是先进制造技术的研究热点之一。本文介绍了并行工程的研究现状，特别对并行工程下的产品设计方法，即为制造、装配而设计（ＤＦＭＡ）的意义、基本原则进行了分析，确立了为制造而设计（ＤＦＭ）和为装配而设计（ＤＦＡ）两者之间的关系，并对在并行工程下实现为制造、装配而设计进行了初步的研究，得出了几点结论。     

并行工程环境下的质量保证与产品设计

根据并行工程的特点,讨论了并行工程环境下质量保证及其与产品设计的关系。指出在并行工程环境下要提高产品质量,必须从产品设计阶段开始采取措施,提高产品的设计质量。采用质量功能配置（ＱｕａｌｉｔｙＦｕｎｃｔｉｏｎＤｅｐｌｏｙｍｅｎｔ,ＱＦＤ）、质量设计（ＤｅｓｉｇｎＦｏｒＱｕａｌｉｔｙ,ＤＦＤ）、制造设计（ＤｅｓｉｇｎＦｏｒＭａｎｕｆａｃｔｕｒｉｎｇ,ＤＦＭ）、装配设计（ＤｅｓｉｇｎＦｏｒＡｓｓｅｍｂｌｙ,ＤＦＡ）和田口（Ｔａｇｕｃｈｉ）方法等以提高产品质量。     

基于自回归(AR)谱估计的高精度超声晶粒尺寸估计技术的研究

由于ＤＦＴ（离散Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ变换）谱估计方法的谱“泄漏”，导致基于这种谱分析的超声晶粒尺寸估计结果误差较大。本文采用自回归（ＡＲ）谱估计方法，克服了传统ＤＦＴ方法的缺点，精确地重构材料特征函数功率谱，提高了晶粒尺寸估计精度，尤其在材料晶粒局部特性定量评价方面，本文方法具有很高的实用价值。计算机仿真结果证实了上述结论     

FQ—CIMS工程的系统集成与可靠性设计

】ＦＱ－ ＣＩＭＳ 是浙江省第二批国家８６３／ＣＩＭＳ 推广示范工程之一,该企业的生产过程属于典型的离散生产型。介绍了ＦＱ－ ＣＩＭＳ工程的总体方案,并对ＦＱ－ ＣＩＭＳ工程的两大关键技术———系统集成及可靠性等问题进行了讨论,阐述了ＦＱ－ ＣＩＭＳ的集成方法和特点,提出了提高可靠性的几种方法     

并行工程环境下的质量保证系统

根据并行工程的特点,对传统串行开发存在的质量管理问题进行了分析,提出建立产品开发业务职能之间的动态关系是实现 Ｃ Ｅ质量保证系统的关键。针对传统 Ｑ Ｆ Ｄ 方法在应用中存在的问题,建立了 Ｃ Ｅ 环境下基于广义 Ｑ Ｆ Ｄ 的质量保证系统模型,并对系统的结构进行了分析。     

科技动态

Ｑ41Ｆ16ＤＮ25～ＤＮ100法兰连接铁制球阀通过批量生产鉴定江苏省花山阀门厂开发的Ｑ41Ｆ16ＤＮ25～ＤＮ1007个规格的法兰连接铁制球阀日前通过了江苏省机械厅组织的批量生产鉴定。该产品经江苏省产品质量检验中心所检测及鉴定委员会现场抽测,完全符合ＧＢ/Ｔ15185—94《...     

基于数据库类封装的模糊质量功能配置研究

质量功能配置的优点是在产品早期设计阶段作出有效的规划和预测，从而避免在产品研制后期出现不必要的返工和重复。但在产品早期设计阶段能够得到的信息大都是模糊、不确定的，针对传统的质量功能配置对模糊信息处理能力的不足，基于VFP数据库，应用数据库类封装和模糊推理技术，对研制质量功能配置系统作了论述，并结合应用示例进行了分析。     

基于SWOT/TRIZ/QFD的产品开发策略形成过程研究

SWOT分析、质量功能配置(QFD)是制定企业策略规划的工具,但传统的SWOT分析不能解决存在于SWOT矩阵中的冲突问题,QFD也存在着对顾客识别不够充分的缺陷.文中利用TRIZ理论改进SWOT分析,将其分析结果作为源输入对QFD进行补充,提出了将SWOT-TRIZ-QFD集成并应用于产品开发策略形成过程的方法.最后通过案例分析验证了该方法的可行性.     

采用QFD模糊评判方法的静电涂油机产品规划设计研究

通过对静电涂油产品市场特点的分析,提出基于产品的质量功能配置技术对静电涂油机进行设计制造,采用系统化、规范化的思想和方法,调查和分析顾客需求,应用模糊集理论的相关知识将其转换成静电涂油产品特征,使其能快速响应市场,完全满足客户需求。通过对静电涂油机的实例研究,证明基于质量功能配置(QFD)技术的模糊评判方法的有效性和合理性。     

Failure evaluation and the establishment of an improvement model for product data management introduced to enterprises

The efficient control of correct and consistent production information is becoming increasingly difficult due to keener global competition and shortening product life cycles. Total e-business is a solution to the urgent requirement for management and organization changes. Product data management (PDM) is an excellent strategy to introduce e-process and personnel reorganization. However, the performance of introducing the PDM system is usually unsatisfying, due to the impact upon personnel and the product flow. An approach of assessing personnel organization and process failure is proposed in this research in order to locate the factors and reasons that cause a failure for a critical decision reference of enterprises planning for the PDM structure and the product flow. A traditional enterprise that introduced the PDM system was taken as an example in this article to explain the application of the failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) and quality function deployment (QFD) for an efficient introduction of the PDM system.     

A rough set enhanced fuzzy approach to quality function deployment

Quality function deployment (QFD) provides a systematic methodology to assist companies in developing quality products that are able to satisfy customer needs. The house of quality (HOQ), as the first phase of QFD, plays the most important role in product development. Frequently, fuzzy numbers are used to quantify the vagueness of linguistic terms so as to facilitate subjective assessments in the HOQ. However, the issue concerning how to determine the boundary intervals of fuzzy numbers remains unresolved. This work proposes a novel approach based on rough set theory, and introduces two concepts called rough number and rough boundary interval to address this issue. A comparative case study presented in this work shows that the proposed approach has significant advantages compared to the prevailing fuzzy number based method in processing subjective linguistic assessments in QFD.     

A systematic approach for green design in modular product development

In response to the changing market trend of having large varieties within a small production, green design and modular design have assumed significant roles in the product development process. This research applied quality function deployment (QFD) to achieve the goal of analyzing customers' needs. It also applied design structure matrix (DSM) based on the modular concept to group different design parts together to obtain optimized module efficiency. A balance between product development and ecological (ECO) friendliness can be achieved in advance if green QFD (GQFD) and DSM were introduced during the early design and manufacturing stages. Furthermore, using the result of GQFD, we proposed the analysis of DSM to find the result of coupled tasks. A pairwise comparative algorithm and loop analysis algorithm in DSM were utilized to decrease the number of module groups and find the most suitable clustering approach for further green design consideration. In this research, an electronic translator was used as a case study for the integration of green design with modularity. The main goal of this paper is to sort the importance weight values for green consideration by QFD during product development. These results can then be applied to finish modular grouping by DSM for subsequent green assembly and disassembly considerations of the products.     

质量功能配置的多目标规划模型

提出了一个质量功能配置的多目标规划模型，它能够辅助产品开发人员作出有效的决策，使所设计的产品在有限的资源约束下能最大限度地满足顾客需求。该模型充分利用了质量屋中各个组成部分的信息，能够权衡、优化质量屋中存在的各种矛盾和冲突。实例研究表明，该模型是可行的和有效的     

基于模糊信息公理的产品功能需求优化方案选择

采用质量功能展开将顾客需求及重要度转化为产品功能需求及其重要度, 以信息公理为依据,选择信息量最小的功能需求配置方案。采用三角模糊数处理不确定性的质量功能展开信息,采用相对偏好关系分析进行质量功能展开计算,运用模糊信息公理计算定性功能需求的信息量。考虑功能需求间的非线性补偿关系,以总信息量最小化为目标建立0-1非线性规划模型。最后以某装载机功能需求方案规划为例,验证了所提出方法的有效性。     

Integration of marketing research techniques into house of quality and product family design

Quality function deployment (QFD) is a well-known technique used for designing products and services to reflect customer needs. The first phase of QFD, usually called house of quality (HOQ), is of fundamental and strategic importance in the QFD process. Although the traditional HOQ has been successfully used for several decades, it has often been faced with a number of problems in real application cases. This paper will discuss three main problems: (1) the conceptual gap between customers and designers, (2) the existence of the possible customer segments, and (3) the need for trade-off among different levels of customer needs, which tend to come up in the early stage of the HOQ process. In order to overcome these problems, a new methodology is proposed based on the integration of two marketing research techniques: conjoint analysis and two-stage cluster analysis. Conjoint analysis is used to bridge conceptual gap and to balance different levels of customer needs. A two-stage clustering method is employed to cluster customers into different segments based on the main benefits derived from the conjoint study, and to foster the development of a product family. This paper also introduces three indices, namely, the commonality percentage, the cost reduction, and the satisfaction percentage to analyze the results of developing a generic product in comparison with a product family. A case study on office chair is put forward to illustrate the performance of the proposed methodology.