相转移催化法合成水杨醛

以苯酚为原料制备了季盐型系列高聚物相转移催化剂 ,并尝试将其应用于水杨醛的合成反应中 ,试验结果表明 ,在反应温度为 ( 60± 2 )℃、反应时间为 2h、催化剂用量为 2 0 g的反应条件下 ,该系列催化剂中的H1B对水杨醛的合成反应具有较好的催化活性。     

琥珀酸二辛酯磺酸钠合成工艺研究辛基对合成工艺的影响

报道了一种无外加相转移催化剂 ,在敞开体系中制备琥珀酸二辛酯磺酸钠的简易工艺。对于不同辛醇做原料时的合成条件进行了研究对比。结果表明 :对于酯化反应 ,不同辛醇作原料时反应条件有较大不同 ;对于正辛醇合成的酯的磺化反应 ,需加助溶剂 ,否则反应不能达到终点     

相转移催化剂在赖默-梯曼反应中的应用

介绍了相转移催化剂在合成羟基苯甲醛的赖默梯曼(Reimer-Tiemann,简称R-T)反应中的应用:较了季铵盐和叔胺的相转移催化效果,并优选了相转移催化的工艺条件,使羟基苯甲醛的总收率达到80％左右;对叔胺的R-T反应机理进行了初探。     

反应控制相转移离子液体催化合成尼泊金酯

实验以SO3H功能化的1-(3-磺酸基)丙基-3-甲基咪唑磷钼酸离子液体为催化剂,催化合成尼泊金酯,考察了催化剂的性能及尼泊金酯的绿色合成工艺.实验表明,该催化体系可实现催化剂的反应控制相转移,产物易分离,催化刺易回收利用.不同极性的醇对实现催化剂的反应控制相转移有显著的影响,优化的尼泊金酯反应条件为:n(催化剂)∶n...     

γ-氯丁酸酯相转移催化内环化反应新工艺研究

将相转移催化工艺引入 γ 氯丁酸酯脱氢卤内环化反应取代以甲醇钠为拂酸内环化剂的传统工艺 ,通过选择相转移催化剂品种及数量 ,反应溶剂品种 ,回流反应时间等工艺条件取得了相转移催化最佳工艺 ,成功地取代了操作危险性大的传统工艺     

PEG活化催化合成香豆素

对以水杨醛和乙酸酐为原料合成香豆素的工艺进行了改进。采用以乙酸钙为催化剂、PEG为催化活化剂的工艺路线 ,提高了产物的收率。同时对催化剂和活化剂的用量及反应温度和反应时间的影响进行了研究 ,确定了最佳工艺条件 ,并提出PEG的活化催化作用主要是配位作用和对催化剂的增溶作用。反应物的质量比为水杨醛 /乙酸酐 /乙酸钙 /PEG =1 / 1 6/ 0 0 3 / 0 1 ,反应近终点时在 ( 2 1 4± 2 )℃再保温反应 0 5h ,香豆素收率可达 80 6%。     

FX-01催化剂上苯与二乙苯烷基转移 Ⅱ.反应动力学及反应器模拟

在研究ＦＸ－０１催化剂上苯与二乙苯烷基转移反应的工艺条件以及寿命试验的基础上,对该过程进行了动力学试验和液－固反应器模拟。建立了一维拟均相反应器数学模型,并给出了模型的求解方法。结合年产１５ｋｔ乙苯的实际工业过程,对与烷基化反应配套的烷基转移反应器进行了模拟,计算得到了烷基转移反应器的工艺尺寸：反应器直径为０．３５ｍ,高度为９ｍ。催化剂装填量为４８６ｋｇ。合适的工艺操作条件为：反应温度２５０～２６０℃,ｎＢ／ｎＤＥＢ＝８／１～１２／１,总质量空速大于５ｈ－１。     

8-氯辛酸乙酯系列化合物的合成

以端基取代的二氯代烃和丙二酸二乙酯为原料,经烃基化反应和脱羧反应合成了8-氯辛酸乙酯系列化合物,并利用~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR和GC-MS对目标产物的结构进行了确证。以8-氯辛酸乙酯的合成反应作为模板,考察了碱、相转移催化剂、物料配比、反应温度和反应时间对烃基化反应的影响,以及酸的种类和用量、反应温度、反应时间对脱羧反应的影响。结果表明,烃基化反应适宜的反应条件为:1,6-二氯己烷、丙二酸二乙酯、粉末状碳酸钾和相转移催化剂四甲基氯化铵的物质的量比为1∶1∶0.4∶0.03,反应温度60℃,反应时间1 h。脱羧反应适宜的反应条件为:浓硫酸与2-(6-氯己基)丙二酸二乙酯的物质的量比为0.1∶1,反应温度120℃,反应时间8.0 h。     

合成工艺条件对对叔丁氧基甲苯收率的影响

为克服现有对叔丁氧基甲苯合成方法的缺点,以对甲苯酚和异丁烯为原料,在相转移剂和硫酸水溶液催化剂存在下,研究了反应温度、催化剂用量等合成工艺条件对对叔丁氧基甲苯收率的影响。结果表明,在m(对甲苯酚)/m(硫酸)/m(四丁基溴化铵)为100.0∶3.0∶0.9,n(异丁烯)/n(对甲苯酚)为1.6,反应温度为20℃,反应时间为5 h的优选合成工艺条件下,对叔丁氧基甲苯收率大于78%。     

相转移催化法合成羧酸酯用催化剂研究进展

综述了近年相转移催化法合成羧酸酯所用的各类相转移催化剂,如十六烷基三甲基氯/溴化铵、四丁基氯/溴化铵等,并对其优缺点进行了分析和比较.指出了此类合成反应中所采用的重要相转移催化剂是季铵盐类.     

长链烷基萘合成工艺研究

以二氧化硅负载磷钨杂多酸为催化剂,以长链α-烯烃为烷基化试剂和萘发生烷基化反应,考察不同烯烃、不同反应条件对产品收率和产品质量的影响,结果表明,采用1-十六烯作为烷基化试剂,在催化剂加入量为4%、反应温度130℃、烯烃与萘摩尔比为1.35、反应时间50min的条件下,产品收率为88.2%,DSC（O2）氧化分解温度为225.3℃,粘度指数104,倾点-27℃。     

沥青的聚合物反应改性

在24篇参考文献的基础上,对道路沥青聚合物改性加以研究。重点论述了沥青与聚合物之间的反应,沥青中的特定基团可以与聚合物上的相应基团发生硫化、酸化等多种反应。目前,聚合物改性沥青已经达到了非常好的铺路性能。     

第一催化裂化装置反再系统的改造

分析了第一催化裂化装置反再系统存在的问题 ,在提升管反应器上采用了高效进料喷嘴并与终止剂技术相配套 ,对烧焦罐主风分布管进行了改造 ,取得了明显效果。提出了对装置的有关设备进一步改造的初步建议。     

Hydrocracking of Tetralin over Mo-Ni/Usy Dual Functional Catalysts

Tetralin was chosen as a model compound to investigate the reaction networks and kinetics of hydrocracking of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons on modified zeolite Y based molybdenum-nickel dual functional catalysts using a continuous flow microreactor at 320-380°C, 8.5 MPa. According to the product distributions, the reaction network of hydrocracking of tetralin was proposed. The pseudo-first-order kinetics rate constants of each step in the network of hydrocracking of tetralin were evaluated by the nonlinear parameter estimation method. The results showed that reaction of hydrocracking of tetralin was a complicated parallel and serial reaction including hydrogenation, isomerization, and cracking (ring opening and dealkylation). The key steps of hydrocracking of tetralin, the conversion of double ring compounds and the yields of mono-ring compounds were affected by reaction temperature and acidity of supports on the catalysts.     

Hydrocracking of Tetralin over Mo–Ni/Usy Dual Functional Catalysts

Abstract

Tetralin was chosen as a model compound to investigate the reaction networks and kinetics of hydrocracking of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons on modified zeolite Y based molybdenum–nickel dual functional catalysts using a continuous flow microreactor at 320–380°C, 8.5 MPa. According to the product distributions, the reaction network of hydrocracking of tetralin was proposed. The pseudo-first-order kinetics rate constants of each step in the network of hydrocracking of tetralin were evaluated by the nonlinear parameter estimation method. The results showed that reaction of hydrocracking of tetralin was a complicated parallel and serial reaction including hydrogenation, isomerization, and cracking (ring opening and dealkylation). The key steps of hydrocracking of tetralin, the conversion of double ring compounds and the yields of mono-ring compounds were affected by reaction temperature and acidity of supports on the catalysts.     

Advances in Catalytic Pyrolysis of Hydrocarbons

Catalytic pyrolysis, which combines catalytic cracking and steam pyrolysis, is a technique to process petroleum hydrocarbons. Catalytic pyrolysis has the advantages of both catalytic cracking and steam pyrolysis. It can raise the yields of light olefins, expand the flexibility of products distribution, and simultaneously lower reaction temperature and decrease energy consumption for the whole system, so it has broad application prospect. Recent development on catalytic pyrolysis catalysts and technologies are reviewed in this paper, the similarities and differences of various kinds of catalysts are compared, notable processes in home and abroad are introduced, and three kinds of reaction mechanisms about catalytic pyrolysis are summarized for different types of catalysts and technologies. Owing to the shortage in supply and the inferior quality of China's crude oil, the study and development of catalytic pyrolysis techniques are crucial to China. Deep Catalytic Cracking, Catalytic Pyrolysis Process and Heavy-Oil Contact Cracking are introduced with emphasis.     

Advances in Catalytic Pyrolysis of Hydrocarbons

Abstract

Catalytic pyrolysis, which combines catalytic cracking and steam pyrolysis, is a technique to process petroleum hydrocarbons. Catalytic pyrolysis has the advantages of both catalytic cracking and steam pyrolysis. It can raise the yields of light olefins, expand the flexibility of products distribution, and simultaneously lower reaction temperature and decrease energy consumption for the whole system, so it has broad application prospect. Recent development on catalytic pyrolysis catalysts and technologies are reviewed in this paper, the similarities and differences of various kinds of catalysts are compared, notable processes in home and abroad are introduced, and three kinds of reaction mechanisms about catalytic pyrolysis are summarized for different types of catalysts and technologies. Owing to the shortage in supply and the inferior quality of China's crude oil, the study and development of catalytic pyrolysis techniques are crucial to China. Deep Catalytic Cracking, Catalytic Pyrolysis Process and Heavy-Oil Contact Cracking are introduced with emphasis.     

非酸催化合成新型增塑剂偏苯三酸三(2-乙基)己酯

用钛酸四丁酯催化合成偏苯三酸三(2-乙基)己酯,研究了催化剂的选择性和用量、偏苯三酸酐和2-乙基己醇的原料配比、反应温度对酯化反应的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件:偏酐:2-乙基己醇为1:4(ml);反应温度210℃;反应时间3h;催化剂用量0.96‰。     

二乙二醇双苯甲酸酯的非恒温化学动力学研究

对二乙二醇双苯甲酸酯(DEDB)的非恒温反应动力学进行了研究,结果表明:DEDB生成反应属二级复合反应中的连串竞争反应。测定了其反应常数K、速度常数k_1、活化能E_((?),1)及频率因子k_(0,1)。     

氯菌酸酐的合成

报道了1种改进的氯菌酸酐合成法。该法用甲苯作溶剂,由六氯环戊二烯与顺酐进行Diels-Alder反应制取氯菌酸酐,产率可达70％～80％。