CPVC/ABS/AS与CPVC/ABS共混体系性能研究

研究了丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)含量对氯化聚氯乙烯(CPVC)/ABS/丙烯腈苯乙烯共聚物（AS）及CPVC/ABS共混体系力学性能、耐热性能以及阻燃性能的影响。结果表明,在CPVC/ABS/AS三元共混体系中,当ABS含量由零增加到30 %（质量分数,下同）时,共混体系的冲击强度由11.5 kJ/m2上升至39.1 kJ/m2;在CPVC/ABS二元共混体系中,当ABS含量由零增加到25 %时,共混体系的冲击强度由11.1 kJ/m2上升至52.6 kJ/m2,拉伸强度、弯曲强度和维卡软化点随着ABS含量的增加而下降;共混体系的阻燃性能与CPVC用量密切相关,在CPVC∶ABS（或ABS+AS）=6∶4时,共混体系的极限氧指数达到了31 %。     

PVC/ACS/CPE三元共混体系性能研究

采用机械共混制备了聚氯乙烯(PVC)/丙烯腈-氯化聚乙烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ACS)/氯化聚乙烯(CPE)三元共混合金,研究了共混体系的组成与合金力学性能及耐热性能的关系。结果表明,不同型号PVC对合金的性能影响不同,随着PVC摩尔质量的增加,共混合金的拉伸强度、冲击强度、热变形温度、硬度及氧指数逐渐增大,熔体质量流动速率(MFR)下降;随着共混合金中CPE用量的增加,PVC/ACS/CPE共混合金的冲击强度上升,氧指数增大,拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量、热变形温度及MFR下降。     

CPVC/PMMA共混体系的性能研究

制备了氯化聚氯乙烯/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(CPVC/PMMA)共混材料,研究了PMMA的引入对CPVC/PMMA共混体系的力学性能、耐热性能、表面光泽度、加工流动性和微观结构的影响。结果表明:适量PMMA的引人,使CPVC/PMMA共混体系的缺口冲击强度和光泽度较纯CPVC显著提高,耐热性能亦有所改善,而拉伸强度下降不明显;塑炼过程中,CPVC/PMMA共混体系熔体的平衡扭矩降低,凝胶化时间减少。当PMMA含量为15 phr时,CPVC/PMMA共混体系具有最佳综合性能,此时该共混体系的缺口冲击强度为5.4 kJ/m2,拉伸强度为53.5 MPa,表面光泽度为82.3%,热变形温度为102.4℃,平衡扭矩为20.1 N·m。     

CPVC/ASA二元共混体系性能研究

研究了氯化聚氯乙烯/丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物（CPVC/ASA）共混体系的力学性能、耐热性能、流变性能和微观结构。结果表明,随着ASA含量的增加,CPVC/ASA共混体系的拉伸强度和耐热性能下降,而悬臂梁缺口冲击强度较CPVC有较大提高;塑炼过程中,CPVC/ASA共混体系熔体的平衡扭矩大大降低,稳定性增强;当ASA含量为30份时共混体系各项性能最佳,冲击强度为11.18 kJ/m2,拉伸强度为48.64 MPa,维卡软化点为105.4 ℃,平衡扭矩为21.4 N·m,较纯CPVC的平衡转矩降低了7 N·m。     

ABS/PVC/CPE共混体系的力学性能

研究了填充改性丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)三元共聚物、聚氯乙烯(PVC)和CPE三元共混体系力学性能与结构的关系。结果表明，在ABS／PVC共混体系中加入增容剂氯化聚乙烯(CPE)后，提高了共混体系的相容性和机械力学性能；随着共混体系中CPE用量的增加，ABS／PVC／CPE共混体系的冲击强度、断裂伸长率上升，拉伸强度下降，而弹性模量则出现了极大值。     

氯化聚乙烯对ABS/PVC合金性能的影响

以氯化聚乙烯(CPE)为增韧剂,用双螺杆挤出机共混制备丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯塑料(ABS)/聚氯乙烯(PVC)合金。研究了PVC及CPE用量对ABS/PVC合金的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、缺口冲击强度、维卡软化温度、氧指数和熔体流动性的影响。结果表明,随着PVC用量的增加,ABS/PVC合金的拉伸强度略有增加,弯曲强度基本不变,冲击强度呈现先略增加然后显著降低的趋势,维卡软化温度降低,氧指数增加;随着CPE用量增加,ABS/PVC合金的缺口冲击强度增加,拉伸强度和弯曲强度降低,氧指数和维卡软化温度变化很小,当ABS/PVC/CPE为40/60/15时,合金的拉伸强度为39.8 MPa、弯曲强度为60.8 MPa、缺口冲击强度为18.3 kJ/m2,氧指数为29.7%。     

溴系阻燃剂与CPE对阻燃ABS的水煮老化性能的影响

以溴化环氧树脂(BEO)、溴代三嗪(BrN)、复配溴代三嗪/四溴双酚A(BrN/TBBA)为阻燃剂,三氧化二锑(Sb₂O₃)为阻燃协效剂,氯化聚乙烯(CPE)为增韧剂,对丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)进行增韧阻燃改性,并对阻燃ABS进行水煮老化试验。结果表明,3种阻燃体系对ABS都有优异的阻燃效果：BrN阻燃ABS具有最佳的缺口冲击强度;CPE不仅具有优异的增韧效果,也有协效阻燃的作用,添加CPE后,阻燃ABS的韧性和阻燃性均有提高;BrN阻燃体系也具有良好的耐水煮性能,水煮后色差和力学性能变化最小。CPE的加入增加了材料的吸水性,使得阻燃ABS的颜色变化加剧,但缺口冲击强度明显提升,3种阻燃体系的缺口冲击强度分别提升39.5%、18.7%和14.0%,且阻燃性能仍能保持良好。     

基于ABS/废旧NBR胶粉热塑性弹性体的制备及性能

采用熔融共混法制备了丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯三元共聚物(ABS)/废旧NBR胶粉(WNBRP)复合体系,以氯化聚乙烯(CPE)为增容剂改善其界面相容性,研究了CPE用量对其力学性能和微观结构的影响。结果表明,CPE可显著改善ABS/WNBRP复合体系的综合性能,且CPE含量为18份时,综合力学性能最佳;基体中CPE的存在,一方面可以增强ABS与WNBRP的界面相容性,另一方面可以提高基体ABS的塑性变形能力;FE-SEM研究表明,与ABS/WNBRP复合体系相比,增容TPE的断面形貌较为平整,界面结合较好,力学性能提升显著。     

CPVC/ACS/CPE复合材料的制备和性能研究

采用机械共混法制备了CPVC/ACS/CPE复合材料,考察了ACS和CPE用量对材料力学性能、耐热性能、阻燃性能和抗老化性能的影响。结果表明:1随着ACS和CPE用量的增加,CPVC复合材料的冲击强度增加,拉伸强度、维卡软化温度下降,阻燃性能略有降低,但仍达到难燃级;2与相同用量的ABS相比,ACS可明显改善CPVC复合材料的阻燃性能与抗老化性能。     

国内CPVC共混研究最新进展

介绍了近年来国内氯化聚氯乙烯(CPVC)共混改性的研究状况,重点综述了CPVC/聚氯乙烯(PVC)、CPVC/丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)、CPVC/甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯(MBS)、CPVC/丙烯酸酯共聚物(ACR)、CPVC/氯化聚乙烯(CPE)、CPVC氯化接枝改性等几种共混体系研究的最新进展。     

PB橡胶粒径对CPVC/PVC/ABS共混体系结构与性能的影响

采用乳液聚合技术合成了一系列不同PB橡胶粒径的ABS核壳改性剂,将其与CPVC、PVC共混,考察了CPVC/PVC/ABS共混物的结构与性能。动态力学分析表明：CPVC与PVC比例为90/10时,CPVC/PVC共混物部分相容,CPVC/PVC/ABS共混物也是部分相容;扫描电子显微镜分析其形态结构表明：共混物中ABS分散受PB橡胶粒径影响,PB橡胶粒径为113 nm的ABS在CPVC中分散最均匀。力学性能测试表明：随着PB橡胶粒径的增加,共混物的冲击强度先增大后减小,拉伸强度并无明显变化。     

Toughening of chlorinated polyvinylchloride with acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene graft copolymers

In this article, a series of acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene (ABS) graft copolymers with polybutadiene (PB) particle sizes ranging from 66 nm to 304 nm were prepared. Toughening of chlorinated polyvinylchloride (CPVC) with ABS graft copolymers was investigated. The results showed that PVC, as a compatibilizer, made the miscibility of CPVC/ABS blends better. PB particle size had significant influence on the ductility of CPVC/ABS blends. There was obvious synergetic effect in the bimodal system. From scanning electron microscopy (SEM), it was found that the dispersion of ABS graft copolymers in the matrix was dependent of PB particle size, and the morphology of CPVC/ABS blends was consistent in the ability to explain properties. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 22:13–18, 2016. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers     

MBS对CPVC凝胶化的影响及CPVC/MBS共混物性能的研究

采用差示扫描量热仪和HAAKE流变仪研究了甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(MBS)对氯化聚氯乙烯（CPVC）凝胶化性能及流变性能的影响,并对CPVC/MBS共混物的力学性能、耐热性能、微观形貌进行了系统研究。结果表明,MBS能改善CPVC的加工性能。随着MBS含量的增加,共混物的凝胶化度得到极大的提高,塑化时间明显缩短,平衡扭矩不断上升,平衡温度大幅上升。MBS用量为6份时,CPVC/MBS共混物的综合性能最佳。     

Study of compatibility,morphology structure and mechanical properties of CPVC/ABS blends

Compatibility, morphology structure, and mechanical properties of CPVC/ABS (Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride/acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene) blends were studied. The core‐shell ratios of ABS were set at 40/60 and 70/30. The interface interactions between ABS and CPVC were changed by modifying the acrylonitrile (AN) content of the shell. The compatibility of CPVC with the shell of ABS was studied by the blends of CPVC/SAN with different AN content in SAN. Dynamic mechanical analysis results of CPVC/SAN were in accordance with the morphological properties of CPVC/ABS. The mechanical properties of CPVC/ABS blends in which the polybutadiene content was set to 15 wt % were studied. Results showed, with the change of AN content, the impact strength followed different way for CPVC/ABS blends with different core‐shell ratios of ABS because of the influence of the compatibility. When the core‐shell ratio was 40/60, the CPVC/ABS blends were much ductile in more widely AN range than the blends, whereas the core‐shell ratio of ABS was 70/30. The differences also showed in the SEM micrographs by the investigation of toughening mechanism. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

Lightweight,Elastomeric, and Flame‐Retardant Foams from Expanded Chlorinated Polymers

Intrinsically flame‐retardant polymers based on lightweight and elastomeric microcellular foams are successfully prepared from flexible chlorinated polyethylene (CPE)/chlorinated polyvinylchloride (CPVC) compounds through compression molding foaming technology. The incorporation of CPVC to CPE at once improves the foam characteristics, and enhances the mechanical and fire performances. Due to the plausible intermolecular and intramolecular crosslinking among the polymer chains, the dense network structure of CPE/CPVC with enhanced strength results in increased cell size, reduced cell density, and improved dimensional stability of CPE/CPVC foams (CCFs). These improvements are noticed to be enhanced with increasing CPVC content in the CCF. Also, the flame‐retardant properties of the foams (i.e., limiting oxygen index and cone calorimeter combustion) are found to be increased with the increase of CPVC content. For instance, a highly flame‐retardant CCF at CPE/CPVC ratio of 60/40 shows a shorter combustion period, as derived from the respective heat release rate vs time curve. Corresponding peaks of heat release rate, total heat release rate, peak of mass loss rate, total smoke release, and char residue are recorded to be 8.4%, 5.8%, 3.0%, 6.6%, and 1000.1% of those recorded for the pristine CPE foam.     

三元尼龙对氯化聚乙烯性能的影响

采用三元尼龙改性氯化聚乙烯（CPE）,研究了尼龙用量对CPE共混胶加工性能和物理机械性能、稳定性、耐油性能的影响。结果表明：CPE和尼龙具有较好的相容性,随着尼龙用量的增加,CPE共混胶的强度以及模量大大提高,耐油及耐热性能亦明显改善,当尼龙用量为40份时,共混物获得较为优异的综合性能;此外,尼龙与CPE共混后可提高共混胶剪切粘度,改善其加工性能,扩大了其应用范围。     

Toughening modification of poly(vinyl chloride)/ α‐methylstyrene‐acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene copolymer blends via adding chlorinated polyethylene

In this study, poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC)/α‐methylstyrene‐acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene copolymer (AMS‐ABS) (70/30)/chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) ternary blends was prepared. With the addition of CPE, it did not exert a negative influence in both the glass transition temperature and heat distortion temperature. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that addition of CPE did not play a negative role in the thermal stability. With regard to mechanical properties, high toughness was observed combined with the decrease in tensile strength and flexural strength. With the addition of 15 phr CPE, the impact strength increased by about 21.0 times and 8.5 times in comparison with pure PVC and PVC/AMS‐ABS (70/30) blends, respectively. The morphology correlated well with the impact strength. It was also suggested from the morphology that shear yielding was the major toughening mechanisms for the ternary blends. And there existed a change in the fibril structures that are observed in scanning electron microphotographs. Our present study shows that combination of AMS‐ABS and CPE improves the toughness without sacrificing the heat resistance, and the value of notched impact strength can be enhanced to the same level of super‐tough nylon. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 54:378–385, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers     

A Study of the Viscoelastic and Rheological Properties of PVC/CPE Blends Modified by Using Polylauryllactam

Abstract

Polylauryllactam was used to improve the impact strength of polyvinylchloride (PVC)/chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) blends without sacrificing their tensile properties. The enhancement of the impact strength increased with the increase of the CPE content in the PVC/CPE blends due to the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds among PVC, polylauryllactam and CPE macromolecules. A doubled impact strength of the PVC/CPE blend with 20 weight percent of CPE was obtained after the addition of 1.5 phr polylauryllactam. The PVC/CPE blends with polylauryllactam have a better dimensional stability compared with the PVC/CPE blends without the additive, according to their viscoelastic characteristics. Polylauryllactam shortened the processing time to reach a minimum melt viscosity in the processing of the PVC/CPE blends.