线性振动系统的鲁棒H^∞控制

研究了含有参数不确定性的线性振动系统的鲁棒Ｈ∞控制，折衷考虑振动系统的外激励干扰衰减和振动系统参数摄动的鲁棒性问题。并设计一高层建筑结构振动控制的鲁棒调谐质量阻尼器（ＴＭＤ），数值仿真结果表明，与ＬＱＧ控制设计相比，采用鲁棒Ｈ∞控制技术设计的振动主动控制系统，对振动系统参数摄动具有较强的鲁棒性，同时能更有效地抑制持续的振动外激励。     

基于计算智能技术的结构系统可靠性优化设计

利用随机摄动和Edgeworth级数方法,将非正态随机参数可靠性优化设计中的概率约束转化为等价的确定性约束,并运用粒子群算法迅速准确地获得结构系统可靠性优化设计的初始点。针对多失效模式的结构系统,提出了随机模拟-小波神经网络方法(MCS-WNN),有效解决了结构系统的可靠性仿真。并提出了一种便于逆映射的小波神经网络模型,实现了设计参数的可靠性优化。实验结果表明上述方法是行之有效的。     

鱼雷纵向运动二次型稳定H∞控制

讨论了二次型稳定H∞鲁棒控制理论及其在鱼雷纵平面航行控制中的运用．用模型的参数摄动来描述鱼雷纵平面航行模型的建模误差，设计了基于状态反馈的H∞控制器，并对系统进行了分析和仿真．所设计的控制器在被控对象存在一定范围参数摄动的情况下，仍能使系统保持预期的性能．     

Hamilton系统特征值问题的摄动方法及其应用

研究了Hamilton系统特征值的摄动问题，给出了系统特征值和特征函数的摄动展开式。并基于H∞控制系统的性能指标与相关的Hamilton微分方程特征值的关系，利用特征值摄动方法计算参数摄动控制系统的最优H∞性能指标。     

《微动隔振平台参数摄动对模态参数的影响》

针对六自由度微动隔振平台参数模型的辨识问题,分析了六自由度隔振平台的模态参数辨识方法,并基于参数摄动重分析方法,仿真分析了微动隔振平台理论模型中参数的摄动引起的模态参数的改变,以及在模态实验中对模态参数辨识精度的影响。仿真分析表明：同向支撑刚度不等使得部分原本不耦合的模态之间产生了弱耦合作用,使得系统模态频率和振型均有不同程度的变化;垂向重心位置摄动对平台模态频率的影响较大;支撑刚度及垂向重心位置偏差对模态频率的辨识影响较小,而对模态振型的辨识精度有较明显影响。     

柔性关节空间机械臂奇异摄动模糊PID控制仿真研究

建立了空间微重力和地面重力两种工况下的柔性关节空间机械臂模型,为空间机械臂末端轨迹跟踪控制设计了基于奇异摄动的模糊PID控制器。奇异摄动法将空间机械臂系统降阶为快子系统和慢子系统,再分别对子系统进行控制。快子系统采用力矩反馈的形式,慢子系统则采用模糊PID控制的形式。模糊部分主要实现对PID的3个参数的实时调整。仿真结果表明基于奇异摄动模糊PID控制器可以在以上两种工况下均可实现较好跟踪。     

振动系统复合摄动的鲁棒H^∞控制李普

应用H^∞控制原理,研究了具有复合摄动的振动响应的主动控制系统对外扰响应衰减的鲁棒控制设计问题,提出了设计鲁棒控制器的方法,其思路是：先选取鲁棒加权函,虚拟评价函数,将复合摄动问题的鲁棒性能设计转化为参数不确定系统的鲁棒性能设计,然后将参数不确定问题转化为标准H^∞控制问题求解,数值仿真表明,本文的方法对复合摄动具有 的鲁棒性,同时能有效抑制外扰。     

OGY法控制混沌研究

OGY法是一种有效的混沌控制方法，其利用混沌运动对微小扰动极端敏感及遍历特性，通过系统参数的微小摄动将混沌控制到期望的轨道，文中对OGY法及其两种改进方法作了介绍，进行数值仿真，比较3种方法的差异。为今后的混沌控制研究方法指出了新的方向。     

叶片精密抛光伺服系统的干扰观测补偿控制

叶片型面尺寸精度及表面质量的提高对数控抛光伺服系统性能提出了更高的要求.针对非线性摩擦和被控对象参数摄动对数控抛光伺服系统定位精度和跟踪精度的影响,提出了一种基于干扰观测器的粒子群优化模糊PID(PFPID)控制方法.该方法通过构造干扰观测器来预测伺服系统中的非线性摩擦和参数摄动等各种干扰,并在控制中引入等效的补偿来抑制干扰,同时利用粒子群优化算法对模糊控制器的量化因子和比例因子进行在线调整,进而利用模糊控制器对PID控制参数进行自适应整定.仿真分析和实验结果表明,基于干扰观测器的PFPID控制器具有控制精度高、鲁棒性强、抑制干扰能力强等优点,其能够提高叶片型面尺寸精度和表面一致性,降低表面粗糙度,减小残余应力并提高抛光效率.     

参数曲面线投影的求精计算

本文提出了一种新的参数曲面线投影求交计算方法，基于参数域摄动原理，将求交问题转化为一系列简单的参数摄动，映射，判断，比较等运算，能有效地解决参数曲面的线投影求交计算，大量的应用的实例表明这一算法的可靠性好，计算精度高，摄动速度快，已在复杂曲面测量造型和数控加工质量分析中取得了良好的应用效果。     

一类非线性相对转动系统的动力学行为及其机理分析

研究了一类具有非线性刚度的相对转动系统的动力学行为。应用Routh-Hurwitz稳定性理论判断了相对转动系统平衡点的稳定性。应用分岔理论研究了平衡点失稳时的分岔行为,推导了平衡点产生fold分岔的条件,进而通过仿真得到了平衡点在双参数平面上的分岔集及单参数分岔曲线,研究了不同参数区域内平衡点的个数以及稳定性问题。应用分岔图研究了相对转动系统随平方非线性刚度系数及激励角频率变化的全局动力学行为,获得了周期三以及混沌等动力学行为。通过调整平方非线性刚度系数得到了慢变外激励下相对转动系统中的对称式和不对称式fold/fold簇发行为。     

时滞光电跟踪系统鲁棒内模PID控制器设计

针对时滞光电跟踪提出了一种内模PID(IMC-PID)控制器设计与参数整定的解析方法.首先建立了系统的一阶时滞积分(FODI)模型,并用二阶加时滞(SOPDT)模型进行逼近,然后利用一阶Taylor表达式代替系统模型中的时滞项,导出了控制器参数的整定规则.特别是为了保证系统的鲁棒性,可以根据最大灵敏度解析计算内模PID控制器的可调参数λ_n.仿真结果表明,与常规方法相比,所提方法不仅提供了较好的设定值跟踪和扰动抑制特性,而且对于系统参数摄动具有更好的鲁棒性.另外,实验结果也证实了该方法能够提高系统跟踪性能和跟踪精度.     

Dynamics analysis of distributed parameter system subjected to a moving oscillator with random mass, velocity and acceleration

The problem of calculating the response of a distributed parameter system excited by a moving oscillator with random mass, velocity and acceleration is investigated. The system response is a stochastic process although its characteristics are assumed to be deterministic. In this paper, the distributed parameter system is assumed as a beam with Bernoulli–Euler type analytical behaviour. By adopting the Galerkin's method, a set of approximate governing equations of motion possessing time-dependent uncertain coefficients and forcing function is obtained. The statistical characteristics of the deflection of the beam are computed by using an improved perturbation approach with respect to mean value. The method, useful to gathering the stochastic structural effects due to the oscillator–beam interaction, is simple and leads to results very close to Monte Carlo simulation for a wide interval of variation of the uncertainties.     

Two-dimensional discrete element modelling of bender element tests on an idealised granular material

The small-strain (elastic) shear stiffness of soil is an important parameter in geotechnics. It is required as an input parameter to predict deformations and to carry out site response analysis to predict levels of shaking during earthquakes. Bender element testing is often used in experimental soil mechanics to determine the shear (S-) wave velocity in a given soil and hence the shear stiffness. In a bender element test a small perturbation is input at a point source and the propagation of the perturbation through the system is measured at a single measurement point. The mechanics and dynamics of the system response are non-trivial, complicating interpretation of the measured signal. This paper presents the results of a series of discrete element method (DEM) simulations of bender element tests on a simple, idealised granular material. DEM simulations provide the opportunity to study the mechanics of this testing approach in detail. The DEM model is shown to be capable of capturing features of the system response that had previously been identified in continuum-type analyses of the system. The propagation of the wave through the sample can be monitored at the particle-scale in the DEM simulation. In particular, the particle velocity data indicated the migration of a central S-wave accompanied by P-waves moving along the sides of the sample. The elastic stiffness of the system was compared with the stiffness calculated using different approaches to interpreting bender element test data. An approach based upon direct decomposition of the signal using a fast-Fourier transform yielded the most accurate results.     

系统非线性参数识别的松驰法

研究了非线性参数系统模型的识别问题,通过引入求解线性方程的松驰法思想,构造了一类新的迭代识别算法。算例表明此方法具有很好的参数识别精度,并且具有概念清楚,易于编程等特点,为非线性系统模型参数的识别问题提供了新的思路。     

基于新型伸缩因子的PMSM模糊自适应反步控制

目的 为了解决包装机驱动控制系统在非线性因素的影响下,工作效率和产品质量大大降低的问题,提出一种基于新型伸缩因子的模糊自适应反步控制策略。方法 在传统自适应反步控制算法的基础上加入转速误差积分值对电流进行补偿,引入积分重置环节防止积分饱和引起调速时的超调和振荡,设计一种新的变论域伸缩因子,优化模糊推理模块,以在线整定转速反馈增益和自适应增益。结果 通过MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真结果表明,改进后的控制器通过对交轴电流值进行补偿,使参数摄动对系统的影响大大降低,并根据转速误差及其变化率自适应调整增益,进一步提高了控制系统的转速动态响应性能。结论 与常规传统PID控制系统和未优化的反步控制系统相比,文中优化后的控制器能增强被控系统的稳定性,缩短速度响应时间,具有更优的鲁棒性和动静态性能。     

环境模拟技术——一门新的综合性工程技术

环境模拟技术是一门新的边缘技术，主要研究各种自然环境的人工再现技术和在模拟环境下产品的试验技术；环境模拟设备及环境试验技术经历了由单参数模拟到多参数模拟、从静态模拟到动态模拟、从产品环境试验到人机系统环境试验的发展道路；当前发展方向是建立整机的多参数综合动态环境模拟设备和进行多参数综合动态试验及人机系统环境试验；在环模设备中再现各种环境条件，进行产品的环境可靠性试验，从而可更快地发现问题并找出原因，这对于新产品的开发和成品的质量检验具有重要的意义。     

System‐level reliability sensitivity analysis by using weighted average simulation method

In addition to reliability analysis, investigation of the uncertainties' effect on the safety of structures can be regarded as one of the great concerns in engineering fields. The present study provides an efficient perturbation‐based reliability sensitivity analysis approach based on weighted average simulation method (WASM) to attain uncertainties effects on the structures safety. Without asking additional samplings and/or requiring to function derivation (that is necessary in score function method), the proposed approach simultaneously uses the finite difference and weight flexibility feature of WASM to estimate the parameter sensitivities of a reliability problem. The proposed method has also been successfully applied to the improved version of WASM to obtain reliability based sensitivity results with very few samples. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method is examined by solving five analytical and engineering examples with highly nonlinear performance functions and system‐level reliability problems. For each example, results are compared with those obtained by Monte Carlo simulation and common reliability methods. It is shown that the method is capable of solving real world system‐level engineering problems efficiently and accurately.     

A self‐tuning control approach of mechanical manipulators

Abstract

The dynamic model of a manipulator system is a time‐varying highly nonlinear coupling equation set. When the moving speed increases or the payload, compared to its own weight, is no longer small, the performance of the conventional control schemes is not satisfactory for precision industrial application. Here a new adaptive control approach is developed for the manipulators to solve these problems. This algorithm directly uses a nonlinear dynamic model in the controller design to account for the nonlinear effects of the system. The least‐square time‐varying parameter identification scheme has been used to identify the change in configuration and payload. The simulation results show that this new approach has a very good trajectory tracking performance.     

Controller design and FPGA implementation of a speed‐sensorless vector‐controlled induction motor drive based on stability consideration

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to determine the controller parameter tuning range for a speed sensorless vector‐ controlled induction motor drive from the system stability point of view. The tuning rules for conventional PI controllers are mostly based on experience. Trial‐and‐error procedures are used to tune the values of the controller parameters. The relationship between the tuned controller parameters and the stable operating range of the control system is generally not known. This paper starts from establishing complete dynamic models for a sensorless vector‐controlled induction motor drive. The nonlinear dynamic models are linearized around a chosen operating point. The characteristic equation is then derived, which is used to determine the values of the controller parameters corresponding to the marginal system stability. Based on these critical values, the tuning ranges of the controller parameters are obtained, which assures stable operation of the drive in the entire operating region and provides a reference for controller parameter tuning. The proposed method is further extended to include the effect of parameter sensitivity due to motor parameter variation. An experimental setup based on a DSP‐FPGA system is implemented. The simulation and experiments confirm the validity of the proposed approach.