共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 456 毫秒
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激光跟踪测量系统是目前最新型的便携式空间大尺寸坐标测量系统,利用激光干涉测长、精密测角及目标跟踪技术,可对任意点的空间位置进行实时跟踪测量。然而,目标反射器接收角度的大小严重影响了激光跟踪测量系统角度测量精度,为解决激光跟踪测量系统在动态测量中因角锥棱镜逆反射器接收角度范围限制而导致无法测量问题,研制开发了一种能使激光跟踪测量系统在动态条件下连续测量的角度自动校正装置。它主要由精密圆形导轨和角度方位自动调节机构组成,能使角锥棱镜在动态测量过程中始终指向激光跟踪测量系统,从而实现在动态条件下的连续工作。最后利用研制角度自动校正装置对激光跟踪测量系统进行了角度误差补偿实验,结果表明该装置使激光跟踪测量系统的水平角测量误差由34.69µm减小到9.71µm,垂直角测量误差由35.43µm减小到10.03µm,从而有效地提高了激光跟踪测量系统的角度测量精度。 相似文献
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激光跟踪测量系统跟踪转镜的误差分析 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
激光跟踪测量系统是目前最新型的便携式空间大尺寸坐标测量系统,可对空间运动目标进行跟踪并实时测量其三维空间坐标,具有精度高、范围大、实时快速等特点。然而,激光跟踪测量系统中跟踪转镜的几何误差严重影响了其测量精度;所以激光跟踪测量系统在使用前必须对其进行建模和误差分析。在全面研究了激光跟踪测量系统结构和工作原理的基础上,建立了系统运动学模型和跟踪转镜中心偏移数学模型。详细分析了系统测量中基点位置变动误差、转镜跟踪目标反射器跟踪误差和转镜反射面与激光束不垂直误差等。结果表明跟踪转镜中心偏移、回转轴不对称、基点位置变动、光束反射点与基点不重合是导致测量误差的主要原因。因此,在跟踪转镜结构设计中,为保证激光束反射点与基点位置重合及转镜旋转跟踪目标反射器时基点空间位置保持不变,应尽量减少跟踪转镜旋转点与镜面之间的距离。 相似文献
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介绍了激光跟踪测量系统的结构.分析了激光跟踪测量系统利用目标反射镜和转镜的配合实现跟踪的原理,利用球坐标系、干涉测距实现坐标的原理,并对系统测量误差的产生原理及防止误差的方法进行了讨论,最后对激光跟踪测量系统的发展趋势做了展望. 相似文献
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激光跟踪仪测角误差的现场评价 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
激光跟踪仪是基于角度传感和测长技术相结合的球坐标测量系统,其长度测量采用激光干涉测长方法,可直接溯源至激光波长,因此,激光跟踪仪的长度测量精度远高于角度测量精度,相对而言,测角误差就成为评价跟踪仪测量精度的重要指标。为了对现场测量激光跟踪仪的测角误差进行快速有效地评价,采用跟踪仪多站位对空间中测量区域内若干个被测点进行测量,与传统基于角度交汇原理的多站位冗余测量不同,利用各站位所观测的高精度测长值建立误差方程,并通过测长方向的矢量位移对跟踪仪测长误差进行约束,获得被测点三维坐标在跟踪仪水平角和垂直角方向上的改正值,以此来评价激光跟踪仪的测角误差。通过Leica激光跟踪仪AT901-LR进行了多站位测角误差评价实验,在现场测量条件下,跟踪仪水平和垂直方向测角误差约为0.003 mm/m(1σ),符合跟踪仪的测量误差特性。 相似文献
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《Measurement》2016
Laser tracker has been used in a diverse range of applications due to its high accuracy and efficient, specifically as measuring the coordinates of points or scanning shape of objects. In real applications, we often need to measure common points on multi-stations by using this technology if objects are large scale. To ensure every common point within the range of laser tracker, common points are usually placed far from the laser tracker. However, the long distance between common points and laser tracker will decrease the accuracy of the result. In this research, we proposed a new method where photogrammetry and laser tracker are integrally used to measure common points to reduce measurement error. With the help of photogrammetry, we first constructed the geometric constraints of common points. Then, by using graphic correction method, the coordinates of common points on laser tracker will be corrected. Both of the theoretical and experimental study results indicated the great success of improving the measurement accuracy of laser tracker. We consider that this method we reported can highly increase the accuracy of measurement on laser tracker station-transfer. 相似文献
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随着红外技术的不断发展,红外成像定位系统在现代工程测量中的应用越来越广泛。大部分测量系统一般都会选取红外相机的光轴作为系统的参照基准,因此红外相机的光轴标定的准确性将直接决定整套测量系统的准确度等级。激光跟踪仪是空间尺寸测量的一种常用仪器,它可以建立笛卡尔三维坐标系将空间任意点以坐标点形式表示出来,通过坐标点确定系统中点、线、面之间的几何位置关系。利用三靶球位置坐标原理将红外相机的光轴等虚拟参数以空间坐标点的方式标示出来,为后续试验人员的校准定位工作提供一定的技术依据和参考。 相似文献
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Zhenjiu Zhang Hong Hu 《The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology》2013,69(5-8):1483-1497
Geometric error component identification is needed to realize the geometric error compensation which can significantly enhance the accuracy of multi-axis machine tools. Laser tracker has been applied to geometric error identification of machine tools increasingly due to its high capability in 3D metrology. A general method, based on point measurement using a laser tracker is developed for identifying the geometric error components of multi-axis machine tools in this study. By using this method, all the component errors and location errors of each axis (including the linear axis and rotary axis) of the multi-axis machine tools can be measured. Three pre-described targets are fixed on the stage of the under-test axis which moves step by step. The coordinates of the three targets at every step are determined by a laser tracker based on the sequential multilateration method. The volumetric errors of these three target points at each step can be obtained by comparing the measured values of the target points’ coordinates with the ideal values. Then, nine equations can be established by inversely applying the geometric error model of the axis under test, which can explicitly describe the relationship between the geometric error components and volumetric error components, and then the component errors of this axis can be obtained by solving these equations. The location errors of the axis under test can be determined through the curve fitting. In brief, all the geometric error components of a single axis of multi-axis machine tools can be measured by the proposed method. The validity of the proposed method is verified through a series of experiments, and the experimental results indicate that the proposed method is capable of identifying all the geometric error components of multi-axis machine tools of arbitrary configuration. 相似文献
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激光跟踪测量系统是目前最新型的便携式空间大尺寸坐标测量系统,但在测量大型被测对象时,人工布点及测量过程繁杂,测量效率低,并造成被测对象几何形状变形,严重影响其测量精度。为解决以上问题,提出了新型的“光束运动—光靶跟踪”激光跟踪测量方法,建立了新型激光跟踪测量方法论,并在此理论基础上,研制开发了一种能够在水平和垂直被测对象表面上运动小型轮臂复合式激光制导测量机器人。该机器人机构融合轮式机构、爬行臂式结构和真空吸附式机构优点,并且具有重量轻、体积小、运动灵活和反应快速等特点,可以根据不同的被测对象表面特征变换测量模式,利用轮式结构实现机器人在水平被测表面上高速远距离运动,利用爬行臂式和真空吸附式机构实现机器人在倾斜光滑表面上灵活地爬行和转向。对其运动特性进行了详细的分析。最后利用激光跟踪仪和三坐标测量机对研制激光制导测量机器人进行了性能测试,试验结果证明了该机器人能跟踪激光束自动高效地完成被测对象实体测量。 相似文献
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为了克服传统焊缝跟踪方法精度低等问题,采用最小二乘支持向量回归机( LSSVM)进行焊缝跟踪.最小二乘支持向量机通过构造回归函数解决焊缝跟踪问题.与支持向量机不同的是,最小二乘支持向量机通过构造一个新二次损失函数,将支持向量回归机的二次规划问题转变为求解线性方程,从而改进了原支持向量机的跟踪精度.为验证所设计控制器的有效性,进行了焊缝的跟踪实验,并设计了实验条件;实验结果表明基于LSSVM的焊缝跟踪误差小于径向基(RBF)神经网络,可见采用LSSVM的控制更能够适应实际焊接过程的变化. 相似文献