FaBiO and CiTO: Ontologies for describing bibliographic resources and citations

Semantic publishing is the use of Web and Semantic Web technologies to enhance the meaning of a published journal article, to facilitate its automated discovery, to enable its linking to semantically related articles, to provide access to data within the article in actionable form, and to facilitate integration of data between articles. Recently, semantic publishing has opened the possibility of a major step forward in the digital publishing world. For this to succeed, new semantic models and visualization tools are required to fully meet the specific needs of authors and publishers. In this article, we introduce the principles and architectures of two new ontologies central to the task of semantic publishing: FaBiO, the FRBR-aligned Bibliographic Ontology, an ontology for recording and publishing bibliographic records of scholarly endeavours on the Semantic Web, and CiTO, the Citation Typing Ontology, an ontology for the characterization of bibliographic citations both factually and rhetorically. We present those two models step by step, in order to emphasise their features and to stress their advantages relative to other pre-existing information models. Finally, we review the uptake of FaBiO and CiTO within the academic and publishing communities.     

遗传规划算法在化合物设计、筛选研究中的应用

采用计算机科学中新兴的遗传规划算法思想，结合化学物质的本质特点，运用进化操作来实现化合物的合成设计和筛选。文中针对算法运用讨论了函数集、终止集问题，通过计算元素组成的字符串的化合价的结果来确定适应度函数，既符合化学学科的本质规律，又满足了算法的要求。通过复制、交换和突变操作，经过多代次的进化终止，取得了满意的结果。文章还针对其实用性，从化学本质出发，提出了建议和研究方向。可以说本文是遗传规划在化学化合物合成筛选中运用的成功探索，同时也为进一步研究打下了坚实的基础。     

FaBiO and CiTO: Ontologies for describing bibliographic resources and citations

Semantic publishing is the use of Web and Semantic Web technologies to enhance the meaning of a published journal article, to facilitate its automated discovery, to enable its linking to semantically related articles, to provide access to data within the article in actionable form, and to facilitate integration of data between articles. Recently, semantic publishing has opened the possibility of a major step forward in the digital publishing world. For this to succeed, new semantic models and visualization tools are required to fully meet the specific needs of authors and publishers. In this article, we introduce the principles and architectures of two new ontologies central to the task of semantic publishing: FaBiO, the FRBR-aligned Bibliographic Ontology, an ontology for recording and publishing bibliographic records of scholarly endeavours on the Semantic Web, and CiTO, the Citation Typing Ontology, an ontology for the characterization of bibliographic citations both factually and rhetorically. We present those two models step by step, in order to emphasise their features and to stress their advantages relative to other pre-existing information models. Finally, we review the uptake of FaBiO and CiTO within the academic and publishing communities.     

海量大气颗粒物成分分析系统

2011年以来, 我国多地出现了雾霾天气, 对大气颗粒成分分析有助于人们了解雾霾形成的原因, 制订有效的应对措施. 本文的主要目的是对于大气颗粒物成分进行命名. 传统颗粒物的命名是在经验的基础上, 对颗粒进行逐个的命名. 若将该过程自动化, 难点有两个: 数据规模太大、人工经验难以量化. 本文使用数据挖掘的工具, 首先进行了一次聚类分析, 降低了数据规模. 为了解决人工经验难以量化的问题, 使用逻辑回归分类算法, 并进行了调优, 使正确率达到了业务处理的要求.     

基于大数据平台的点负荷近中期负荷预测及行业负荷增长特征分析

为保障电力部门对于台区内设备的维护,需要预测台区的负荷。因此供电部门就必须具备预测未来一年以至更长时间的台区负荷的能力,防止因负荷过载对变压器造成损坏,并保证城市的可靠供电。对台区负荷的预测难点在于对于城中村的预测,城中村流动人口多,产业类型复杂多样,受就业环境、经济发展的影响深,表现为负荷的变化相较于其他的台区随机性更强。鉴于此原因,我们以大数据平台为依托,进行单因素变量的预测,采用季节分解模型对历史用电负荷进行季节分解;然后分别用线性回归和自回归积分滑动平均模型（ARIMA）对季节分解出来的趋势和季节、残差成分进行预测,获得精度良好的负荷预测模型,最后选择两个特征鲜明的行业进行比较,分析其负荷增长特征。     

A methodology and notation for compiler front end design

A methodology and associated notation for designing compiler front ends, and in particular the interface between the parser and the semantic routines, is described. The methodology leads to a clean, easy to understand, documentable design. The notation is similar to an attribute grammar, but its purpose is to document the first pass of a specific compiler, rather than to describe the semantics of a language. It is designed to be accessible to non-specialists, easy to learn, and natural. It can be used with or without software support. The notation was used during the development of a large compiler, and to assist in the transfer of the compiler to the group that will maintain it. Experience with the notation indicates that it meets its goals.     

交通流检测及车辆识别系统的构架分析

以视频交通流检测和车辆识别系统的设计和实现为引导,对目标检测和目标识别的原理做了介绍,并对图像处理过程中的图像滤波降噪、图像增强、图像分割、特征提取,以及图像目标识别等问题进行了描述。并且进行了视频交通流检测和车辆识别的系统设计和实现。     

Contactless inspection of planar electronic devices by capacitive coupling: Development of a model describing the sensor signal and its impact on signal post-processing

With regard to a contactless inspection method for planar electronic devices, a model to derive the signal of the employed sensors has been developed. The measurement technique is exclusively based on capacitive coupling and, for instance, applied to the inspection of flat panel displays (FPDs) and printed electronics. To analyze the sensor signals, to evaluate the sensor performance, and to advance signal post-processing, a model of the capacitive coupling is essential. Focussing on configurations of conductor tracks arranged in parallel, the model approach is explained and illustrated in detail. Finite element (FE) simulations and measurements are used to derive the model parameters, to validate the model approach, and to evaluate the model performance. Possible applications to signal post-processing are discussed. As an example, the model is used to reconstruct the voltages applied to individual tracks of a configuration from the sensor signal. Furthermore, the model is extended to configurations of two-dimensionally arranged conductor tracks.     

Affinity-Based Network Interfaces for Efficient Communication on Multicore Architectures

Improving the network interface performance is needed by the demand of applications with high communication requirements (for example, some multimedia, real-time, and high-performance computing applications), and the availability of network links providing multiple gigabits per second bandwidths that could require many processor cycles for communication tasks. Multicore architectures, the current trend in the microprocessor development to cope with the difficulties to further increase clock frequencies and microarchitecture efficiencies, provide new opportunities to exploit the parallelism available in the nodes for designing efficient communication architectures. Nevertheless, although present OS network stacks include multiple threads that make it possible to execute network tasks concurrently in the kernel, the implementations of packet-based or connection-based parallelism are not trivial as they have to take into account issues related with the cost of synchronization in the access to shared resources and the efficient use of caches. Therefore, a common trend in many recent researches on this topic is to assign network interrupts and the corresponding protocol and network application processing to the same core, as with this affinity scheduling it would be possible to reduce the contention for shared resources and the cache misses. In this paper we propose and analyze several configurations to distribute the network interface among the different cores available in the server. These alternatives have been devised according to the affinity of the corresponding communication tasks with the location (proximity to the memories where the different data structures are stored) and characteristics of the processing core. As this approach uses several cores to accelerate the communication path of a given connection, it can be seen as complementary to those that consider several cores to simultaneously process packets belonging to either the same or different connections. Message passing interface (MPI) workloads and dynamic web servers have been considered as applications to evaluate and compare the communication performance of these alternatives. In our experiments, performed by full-system simulation, improvements of up to 35% in the throughput and up to 23% in the latency have been observed in MPI workloads, and up to 100% in the throughput, up to 500% in the response time, and up to 82% in the requests attended per second have been measured in dynamic web servers.     

Develop a negotiation framework for automating B2B processes in the RosettaNet environment using fuzzy technology

The electronic trade between enterprises becomes more popular due to the rapid development of electronic commerce. Under the electronic business environment, in order to make the trade process smoother and faster, most enterprises adopt industry standards, such as EDI and RosettaNet, for developing electronic business platforms to transact business processes. These standards and platforms can help both trading sides to control and facilitate the business processes and validate the document format. However, these processes still need human efforts to make decisions, which might cause business losses due to time delay or human error during the process. In order to solve the problem, this study takes a step further to propose a negotiation framework for automating the B2B processes. This study chooses RosettaNet purchase order management processes as an example to implement automated negotiations on Biztalk platform. In order to evaluate the negotiation behavior of the opponent, two fuzzy membership functions, preference degree and opponent’s concession degree, are proposed to develop 25 levels of fuzzy rules to determine better offers to help to reach a settlement more responsively and dynamically. Experiment results show that our approach can help B2B transaction effectively.     

集群负载均衡--CSM的实现

对于现在的互联网络通信状况,负载均衡显示其越来越多的重要性,通常实现负载均衡是使用软件并结合相应的算法,该文所描述的是利用Cisco公司的CSM模块来实现安全可靠的负载均衡,CSM模块将客户机的请求分发到不同的虚拟服务器,配合Cisco MSFC模块并合理地进行DNS的配置,实现网络服务的负载均衡。简要介绍了CSM模块的工作原理,如何配置DNS,如何设置虚拟主服务器,以及如何对系统CSM模块进行设置做了描述。     

Computer-aided physical training sports injury risk simulation based on embedded image system

In teamwork, injuries occur from time to time. The athlete's body is very important, so the rich experience of teamwork can reduce the injury to the athlete, which is a very important aspect of preventing the risk and mitigating the risk. There are several ways to reduce the risk factors of injury. One is to use positioning method, scientists have developed a 2.4 GHz frequency wireless receiving sensor system, referred to as WSN. This system can effectively monitor indoor and outdoor environment and identify and analyze buried active RF in advance. After several frequency tests, more effective performance is obtained, and the transmission power and signal intensity system are developed. It can generate high-frequency amplitudes, and the transmitted data can create independent labels to receive. However, the difficulty in understanding the subtle differences between different statistical methods and making conclusions that lead to erroneous assumptions has been produced from the data. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to obtain the outline to determine the method used to determine the risk of damage, to predict the movement of injuries while developing the model and the existing evidence to highlight the difference between the association and the prediction associated with damaging it. Sports injuries risk factors research aimed to study the example of the method is evaluated using chopped strains. Injuries resulting from the complex interaction of several risk factors. Develop and adapt and, mental, emotional, social events. Therefore covers education system and the necessary physical activities organized by physical education. In order to create a rough picture of the whole creation and technique. The soap places to students who have used a solvent, is embedded in the grease.     

DNS重新绑定对Web浏览器的影响

域名系统(DNS)重新绑定破坏浏览器的区域源,并影响使用插件的浏览器与其插件之间的相互作用。根据DNS重新绑定攻击的机制,分析使用较短TTL响应DNS请求重新绑定主机到目标服务器的IP地址,使浏览器误认为2个服务器属于相同区域源,阐述浏览器访问相同区域源策略与多插件浏览器的易受攻击性。提出预防直接套接字访问客户端,阻止防火墙欺骗设法进入内部网络与滥用内部运行的服务,劫持IP地址进行点击欺骗、发送垃圾邮件与陷害客户端。     

Promotion and prevention orientations in the choice to attend lectures or watch them online

When presented with the option to use a new instructional technology, students often face an approach–avoidance conflict. This study explored promotion and prevention orientations, concepts linked to approach and avoidance in Higgins's regulatory focus theory, in the choice to attend lectures or watch them online. Openness, a core disposition in the Big Five Model of personality, and positive attitudes towards the utility of the Internet, reflect promotion orientations that are potentially related to the choice to watch lectures online. By contrast, neuroticism, another core disposition in the Big Five Model, and anxiety about the Internet as a computer technology, reflect a prevention orientation that is potentially related to the choice of attending lectures in class. The results illustrate that both promotion and prevention are at work in the choice to attend lectures or to watch them online. Neuroticism and anxiety about the Internet as a computer technology were related to the choice to attend lectures in class, whereas the perceived utility of the Internet was related to the choice to watch lectures online. Instructional mode choice was not related to examination performance, suggesting that the choice to attend lectures or watch them online has more to do with individual differences in promotion and prevention orientations than with pedagogical characteristics that impact learning.     

排序学习研究进展与展望

排序学习利用机器学习技术去训练排序模型以解决排序问题,是信息检索与机器学习交叉领域的一个新兴研究热点.越来越多的排序学习方法已经应用于实际系统中,如搜索引擎和推荐系统等.本文概括了排序学习的研究进展,并进行展望.首先,阐述了排序学习问题.然后,对排序学习方法进行了分类,并重点分析了依据训练排序模型时所采用的不同机器学习技术的排序学习方法类别.本文还介绍了一些代表性的标准排序学习数据集,对排序学习方法在若干领域的成功应用进行了总结,并归纳了一些排序学习方法软件包.最后,对排序学习的未来发展趋势和挑战进行了展望和探讨.     

Object Feature Extraction by Using the Searching Temporal and Feature Salient Technique

This research uses the boundary cutting, spatial-temporal segmentation, block based searching, and gray scale histogram technique to extract the eyes, nose, and mouth images. In this research, gray scale histograms are used to salient the eyes, nose, and mouth features. A spatial-temporal template is designed to slide the eyes, nose, and mouth images to extract the eyes, nose, and mouth image. In order to obtain the best result, the generic algorithm and spatial region partition techniques need to be used to remove noise and to precisely bind the object region to obtain a more accurate result.     

The reality of medical work: The case for a new perspective on telemedicine

This paper considers the nature of medical work and how new telemedicine technologies can be developed to support that work. Telemedicine developers attempt to increase communication and collaboration between medical practitioners and between patients and medics, with the goal being to make medical care and information more easily accessible. However, the focus of telemedicine systems appears to have so far been technology centred, and the work they are trying to support is often ignored. We argue that to develop appropriate telemedicine technologies, it is important to understand the nature of medical work, and to examine the manner in which medical practiceactually occurs. Only then will we be in a position to design appropriate telemedicine technologies to support these activities. Unless designers have an insight into the work itself, new technologies will continue to fail to support what telemedicine effectively aims to promote — collaboration and access to distributed knowledge.     

Seru系统调度优化的知识引导协同进化算法

作为一种新型的生产模式, Seru系统能够兼顾柔性和效率且快速响应市场, 已在装配企业得到广泛应用.为了实现实际生产过程生产效率和劳动效率的协同优化, 本文研究以最小化最大完工时间和工人总劳动时间为目标的Seru系统多目标调度问题, 提出一种知识引导的协同进化算法. 首先, 将问题分解为Seru构造和Seru调度, 构造两个种群分别优化子问题. 同时, 设计种群规模的调整策略, 通过为有潜力的种群分配更多个体来提高协同搜索的效率. 进而, 通过分析问题的性质, 提炼规则性知识用于设计有效的搜索算子和重生成规则, 指导精英个体执行知识驱动的增强搜索, 从而进一步提升算法的局部开发能力. 通过数值仿真和统计性能对比, 验证了算法各设计环节的有效性, 并取得了显著优于现有最新算法的多目标调度优化性能.     

基于Unity3D的药用植物学实训虚拟仿真系统

分析药用植物学实训的难点以及局限性,调查研究中医药院校师生及中医药爱好者对实训的建议,结合虚拟现实技术,使用Unity3D模拟再现真实的药用植物实训场景.实现跨时空学习中药的性味归经、功效主治、配伍禁忌等,认识中药的植物学特征,了解道地药材的生长环境,辨别道地药材及鉴别其特征,采摘中药全株或入药部位.为增强学习的趣味性,加入四季变化,昼夜交替及不同天气等元素,优化环境.另外不同环境可发布任务,以游戏的形式完成任务获得奖励.将虚拟现实应用到实际教学培训中,提高学习效率,增加专业知识,培养自救能力,有效锻炼使用者的安全意识,减少安全事故的发生.     

基于NET的视频管理系统的研究

目前,网络的发展日新月异,人们已不再满足于单调的文字或者图像,而希望能在网上浏览和上传视频。视频管理系统致力于为广大用户提供优质的视频浏览平台,用户可以通过本网站来在线收看视频、下载视频和上传视频,管理员可以通过此系统管理给用户更好的服务。旨在用ASP.NET和SQL Server 2008开发一个多媒体资源管理系统,以方便人们在网络上浏览、共享多媒体资源和交流。