SF6 气体间隙伏—秒特性的计算

介绍两种SF6气隙伏—秒特性的计算方法。并通过对计算过程及计算结果的分析 ,指出了每种方法的适用范围。     

Insulation characteristics of SF6 gas for nonstandard impulse voltage polarity reversal pulse waveforms

Evaluation of insulation strength for lightning surge that actually enters into substations is important in estimating insulation reliability of gas‐insulated equipment. The standard lightning impulse voltage (1.2/50 µs) is used for factory tests. However, the actual lightning surge waveforms in substations are complex and are usually superimposed with various oscillations. Insulation characteristics of SF₆ gas as a function of such complex voltages have not been sufficiently clarified. This paper deals with gap breakdown characteristics in SF₆ gas under submicrosecond pulses. Breakdown voltages are lower under a polarity reversal condition than under a monopolarity condition. The cause of this difference is discussed while observing discharge propagation using an image converter camera. The electrode size effect is also discussed. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 146(4): 18–25, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.10246     

SF6/N2混合气体绝缘特性的实验研究

目前绝大多数气体绝缘开关设备采用SF₆气体绝缘,SF₆泄漏导致严重的环保问题,人们迫切希望少采用或不采用SF₆气体,以降低对环境的污染。为此,试验研究SF₆和SF₆/N₂混合气体在不同混合比、不同压力以及在不同电场结构下的击穿特性,并与SF₆气体的绝缘性能进行比较,试验结果表明：在N₂中注入20%~30%的SF₆气体后,SF₆/N₂混合气体绝缘性能指标可以达到纯SF₆气体的80%左右,但若继续增加SF₆气体的配比,则其耐电强度上升的幅度明显变慢;此外,试验研究还发现,极不均匀电场会大大降低气体的耐击穿电压强度。试验研究证明了采用SF₆/N₂混合气体代替纯SF₆气体的技术方案的可行性。     

SF6组合电器运行中水分超标原因分析

在SF6组合电器（GIS）的运行过程中,SF6气体中的微量水分含量的多少直接影响到GIS设备的安全可靠运行。通过对现场运行过程的分析,找出GIS组合电器气室中SF6微量水分超标的原因,提出了处理方法和预防措施。分析表明,通过早期检测,采取预防措施,可最大限度控制GIS设备内部SF6气体中的水分,降低设备损伤速度。     

Quantitative evaluation of lightning surge range voltage–time characteristics in high‐pressure SF6 gas

Gas‐insulated switchgear (GIS) is subjected to very fast transient overvoltages such as lightning surges or disconnector switching surges. Therefore, the sparkover voltage and time (V?t) characteristics of SF₆ in a very short time range of less than are of great interest from the viewpoint of insulation design and coordination for a GIS. This paper describes the V?t characteristics of SF₆ at a gas pressure of 0.5 MPa using a steep‐front square impulse voltage under a quasi‐uniform field gap and presents a quantitative evaluation of the V?t characteristics for a nonstandard lightning impulse voltage. In the case of a square impulse, the V?t characteristics of positive polarity were observed to be almost flat over a long time range from 80 ns to , and rose steeply over a short time range from 80 ns down to 20 ns. For negative polarity, the V?t characteristics exhibit a gentle rise from 200 ns down to 40 ns. In the estimation of V?t characteristics, the equal‐area criterion parameters were quantitatively estimated using the square impulse. For a nonstandard lighting impulse, we found that application of the equal‐area criterion with these parameters for the nonoscillating impulse and oscillating impulse of up to 5.3 MHz as a model of lightning surge and disconnector switching surge is possible. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 159(4): 8– 17, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20309     

利用红外成像法检测GIS设备SF_6气体泄漏

GIS设备发生SF6气体泄漏会导致其绝缘性能下降,并对大气环境造成严重的污染。红外成像法利用SF6气体特定的红外吸收光谱,能使泄漏气体清晰可见,进而可以在设备不停电的状况下对泄漏部位进行快速、准确的定位。检测实例表明该方法直观有效,为漏气设备检修策略的制定提供了充分的信息支持。     

六氟化硫混合气体绝缘的发展动向

论文对近年来国际上关于混合气体方面的研究成果进行综述 ,着重讨论了低六氟化硫 (SF6 )含量的混合气体的绝缘特性以及国际和国内在这方面的产品开发情况。     

Comparisons of direct-current breakdown characteristics in dry air and SF6 gaps using a parallel-plane arrangement with variable height protrusion

Breakdown voltages in uniform and quasi-uniform field gaps are sensitive to the presence of small protrusion on the electrode surface in SF₆ at high pressures. The aim of the present work is to study direct breakdown and corona stabilized breakdown for the transitive region from uniform to nonuniform gap in dry air and SF₆ at low pressures up to a critical pressure when direct breakdown takes place by a leader discharge crossing the gap in SF₆. In a parallel-plane gap with a variable-height protrusion subjected to the dc voltage, corona onset voltage is remarkably controlled by the protrusion height. The present electrode arrangement has the advantage of directly measuring the minimum critical guiding field strength for the propagation of a streamer discharge at corona onset. The experimental observations have been explained qualitatively on the basis of a streamer model and precise electric field calculations of gap.     

Development of insulation technology in compact SF6 gas‐filled bushings: Development of compact 800‐kV SF6 gas‐filled bushings

Efforts of designers of gas‐insulated switchgear (GIS) are currently focused on such features as smaller installation area and economical efficiency. Circuit breakers (CB), disconnecting switches (DS), and earthing switches (ES) have been redesigned in more compact configurations. Compactness and light‐weight requirements are applied also to bushings used in GIS. GIS bushings can be divided in three general types: capacitor, gas‐filled, and molded bushings. Requirements of the light weight and the economical efficiency of gas‐filled bushings can be satisfied by improvements in insulation technology. Size reduction can be effectively achieved by moderation of the electric field strength on the outside surface of the hollow insulator in the area of the inner grounded electrode tip. We devised a new inner grounded electrode structure consisting of a cylindrical electrode and a ring electrode supported by column electrodes. This paper describes the effect of reduction of the maximum value of electric field strength on the outside surface of the hollow insulator by a new type of grounded electrode. Then, improvement of insulation performance for electrodes with insulation coating in SF₆ gas is described as the composite insulation technology. Finally, the efficiency of these insulation technologies is described by the basic insulation test results of a prototype compact 800‐kV SF₆ gas‐filled bushing. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 171(1): 19–27, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience. wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20898     

Creeping flashover characteristics in (N2/SF6) gas mixture under pulse voltage

The effect of a barrier between a needle electrode and a plane one in an (N₂/SF₆) gas mixture on creeping flashover was investigated using a microsecond pulse voltage. The SF₆ gas content was varied from 0% to 100%, and the gas pressure from 0.1 MPa to 0.3 MPa. The flashover voltage increased with increasing SF₆ gas content for a positive needle electrode. For a negative needle electrode, excepting the total pressure of 0.1 MPa, at which similar flashover characteristics were obtained to the positive case, a considerable decrease in flashover voltage was found in the case of a mixture of a few percent SF₆ in (N₂/SF₆) gas mixture at elevated total pressures. The corona behavior on the barrier in (N₂/SF₆) gas mixture was investigated by means of a high‐speed digital framing camera. © 2000 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 131(1): 1–9, 2000     

SF_6气体绝缘电容式电压互感器研制

本文介绍西容公司新研制的一种完全无油化的SF_6气体绝缘电容式电压互感器,提出了关键技术问题解决方案和产品绝缘结构的设计思路。并介绍了研制成功的110kV和220kV系列产品的结构、技术参数、性能指标、试验考核情况和产品特点。     

SF_6-He和SF_6-Ne的耐电强度及其比较

在E/p 值为7.52～94.0kV(/mm·MPa)的较大范围内,采用稳态汤逊法(SST)测量了SF_6-He和SF_6-Ne的电离系数α和吸附系数η,求出了在各混合比下的SF_6-He、SF_6-Ne的临界耐电强度值(E/p)_(lim),并分析了两种混合气体的绝缘特性.     

SF6气体绝缘电容式电压互感器研制

本文介绍西容公司新研制的一种完全无油化的SF6气体绝缘电容式电压互感器,提出了关键技术问题解决方案和产品绝缘结构的设计思路.并介绍了研制成功的110kV和220kV系列产品的结构、技术参数、性能指标、试验考核情况和产品特点.     

局部放电中的SF6分解产物及其影响因素研究

通过在110 kV GIS(气体全封闭组合电器)设备中模拟局部放电故障,研究了在局部放电作用下电极材料、放电强度、气体湿度和吸附剂对SF6分解产物中S02+SOF2和HF体积分数的影响及其变化规律.结果表明,电极材料、放电强度和吸附剂对SF6分解产物的生成有较大影响,而气体湿度对分解产物的生成影响不大.研究结果为通过S...     

SF_6气体间隙低概率冲击击穿电压的计算

根据对SF_6气体极不均匀场间隙异常放电的分析,提出了由三条界限线,即流注击穿线、低概率冲击击穿线和电晕起始线组成的估算间隙低概率冲击击穿电压的方法;击穿电压的计算值和实验测量值的比较表明,计算给出的是稍偏严的结果.     

冲击电压下SF6气体绝缘中局部放电及其检测技术研究现状及展望

阐述了开展冲击电压下SF6气体绝缘中局部放电及其检测技术研究的意义,以及冲击电压下局部放电的研究手段和设备现状,包括振荡冲击电压发生器、典型绝缘缺陷模型和冲击电压下局部放电的检测方法等方面。介绍了现阶段冲击电压下SF6气体绝缘中局部放电的研究仍处于实验室阶段,重点仍在于冲击电压下典型绝缘缺陷模型（针板电极和绝缘气泡）局部放电的发展机理和特征,在实际生产中应用仍需要进一步研究;最后提出了该项研究目前存在的问题及以后的研究方向。     

Estimation of breakdown voltages of surface flashovers initiated from triple junction in SF6 gas

In this paper, a method is proposed to estimate the minimum breakdown voltages of surface flashovers initiated from the triple junction at which a solid insulator, SF₆ gas, and a metal electrode come in contact. Using four kinds of test samples, the flashover voltages V_f are measured. The voltages V_f become lower than the theoretical voltages V_s of streamer inception in the case of the test sample with the large electrode area at the triple junction. To understand the phenomena quantitatively, we estimated the real partial discharge voltages V_c from the voltages V_f, and investigated the relationship between the voltages V_c and the theoretical values V_s. The values of V_s/V_c, which characterize the properties of the partial discharges, can be shown by the product λS_90%E_av P of the following parameters: (1) coefficient λ representing the surface roughness of electrode at the triple junction; (2) effective area S_90% of the electrode; (3) average field E_av at the area S_90%; and (4) gas pressure p. The minimum surface flashover voltages in the insulators for coaxial electrode systems can be estimated precisely, considering the properties of V_s/V_c.     

SF6/N2混合气体绝缘特性实验研究

通过安托万方程和拉乌尔定律,研究了不同混合方案下SF6/N2混合气体的液化温度,结合混合气体全球变暖潜能值(GWP)研究结果,分析混合气体的理化特性.文中搭建混合气体绝缘特性试验平台,测试不同混合方案下SF6/N2混合气体的工频击穿电压和直流击穿电压,分析了混合气体中SF6含量对混合气体绝缘性能和理化性能的影响规律.研...     

探讨SF6气体变压器的应用

介绍了香港电灯公司使用SF6气体变压器的情况，比较了气体变压器与油变压器的优缺点，提出了使用气体变压器的必要性和可能性。     

高湿度地区GIS安装中SF6气体水分控制

以复龙换流站GIS 设备安装为例,对高湿度地区GIS 设备安装过程中SF6气体水分控制进行了研究和探讨,摸索出了在安装过程中减少安装单元暴露时间,在安装完成后利用外置干燥容器和氮气进行水分处理的方法。该方法可以在设备安装时环境相对湿度较高的情况下保证GIS设备中SF6气体含水量符合国家标准。