保证瞬态性能的迭代学习控制

讨论一类不确定非线性系统的可保证瞬态性能的迭代学习控制问题.引入限定跟踪误差瞬态特性的界函数,通过误差转换方法,定义一个转换误差变量,将跟踪误差的保证瞬态特性问题转化为该误差变量的有界性问题.采用Lyapunov方法,设计迭代学习控制器处理系统中参数和非参数不确定性.并且,采用完全限幅学习机制,保证转换误差变量的有界性和一致收敛性.从而既能得出系统输出在整个作业区间的完全跟踪性能,同时又能够保证跟踪误差在每次迭代的过程中具有保证的瞬态特性.仿真结果验证了所提控制方法的有效性.     

具有控制时滞和测量数据丢失的直线电机迭代学习控制

针对测量信号存在丢失和控制信号存在时滞的直线电机控制系统,研究PD型迭代学习控制算法的收敛性问题.假设数据丢失描述为概率未知的随机Bernoulli过程,其中丢失概率属于某个已知数值区间,利用超前法解决控制信号存在的时滞问题.基于Bellman-gronwall不等式和$\lambda$范数理论,证明了所提出的迭代学习控制策略能够使系统在有限时间内跟踪期望轨迹.最后通过仿真验证了所提出学习算法的有效性.     

任意初值非线性不确定系统的迭代学习控制

为解决任意初态下的轨迹跟踪问题, 针对一类含参数和非参数不确定性的非线性系统, 提出基于滤波误差初始修正的自适应迭代学习控制方法. 利用修正滤波误差信号设计学习控制器, 并以Lyapunov方法进行收敛性能分析. 依据类Lipschitz条件处理非参数不确定性, 对于处理过程中出现的未知时变参数向量, 利用自适应迭代学习机制进行估计. 经过足够多次迭代后, 藉由修正滤波误差在整个作业区间收敛于零, 实现滤波误差本身在预设的作业区间也收敛于零. 仿真结果表明了本文所提控制方法的有效性.     

未知时变时滞非线性参数化系统自适应迭代学习控制

针对含有未知时变参数和时变时滞的非线性参数化系统,提出了一种新的自适应迭代学习控制方法.该方法将参数分离技术与信号置换思想相结合,可以处理含有时变参数和时滞相关不确定性的非线性系统.设计了一种自适应控制策略,使跟踪误差的平方在一个有限区间上的积分渐近收敛于零.通过构造Lyapunov-Krasovskii型复合能量函数,给出了闭环系统收敛的一个充分条件.给出两个仿真例子验证了控制方法的有效性.     

非线性快速批次过程高效迭代学习预测函数控制EI北大核心CSCD

迭代学习模型预测控制(Iterative learning model predictive control,ILMPC)具备较强的批次学习能力及突出的时域跟踪性能,在批次过程控制中发挥了重要作用.然而对于具有强非线性的快动态批次过程,传统的迭代学习模型预测控制很难实现计算效率与跟踪精度之间的平衡,这给其应用带来了挑战.对此本文提出一种高效迭代学习预测函数控制策略,将原非线性系统沿参考轨迹线性化得到二维跟踪误差预测模型,并在控制器设计中补偿所产生的线性化误差,构造优化目标函数为真实跟踪误差的上界.为加强优化计算效率,在时域上结合预测函数控制以降低待优化变量维数,从而有效降低计算负担.结合终端约束集理论,分析了迭代学习预测函数控制的时域稳定性及迭代收敛性.通过对无人车和典型快速间歇反应器的仿真实验验证所提出算法的有效性.     

非线性参数化系统自适应迭代学习控制

研究一类含有未知时变参数的非线性参数化系统的学习控制问题.利用参数分离技术和信号置换思想,通过置换系统方程,合并所有时变参数为一个未知时变参数,用迭代自适应方法估计该未知参数,设计了一种自适应迭代学习控制方法,使得跟踪误差的平方在一个有限区间上的积分渐近收敛于零.通过构造一个类Lyapunov函数,给出了跟踪误差收敛和所有闭环系统信号有界的一个充分条件.仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性.     

非仿射非线性多智能体系统迭代学习一致跟踪

为了解决非仿射非线性多智能体系统在给定时间区间上一致性完全跟踪问题,基于迭代学习控制方法设计一种分布式一致性跟踪控制算法.首先,由引入的虚拟领导者与所有跟随者组成多智能体系统的通信拓扑,其中虚拟领导者的作用是提供期望轨迹.然后,在只有部分跟随者能够获得领导者信息的条件下,利用每个跟随者及其邻居的跟踪误差构造每个跟随者的迭代学习一致性跟踪控制器.同时采用中值定理将非仿射非线性多智能体系统转化仿射形式,并基于压缩映射方法证明所提算法的收敛性,给出算法的收敛条件.理论分析表明,在智能体的非线性函数未知情况下,利用所提算法可以使非仿射非线性多智能体系统在给定时间区间上随迭代次数增加逐次实现一致性完全跟踪.最后,通过仿真算例进一步验证所提算法的有效性.     

基于迭代扩张状态观测器的数据驱动最优迭代学习控制

针对一类带扰动有限时间内重复运行的离散时间非线性非仿射不确定系统,本文提出了一种基于迭代扩张状态观测器的数据驱动最优迭代学习控制方法.首先,提出了改进的迭代动态线性化方法,将被控系统线性化为与控制输入有关的仿射形式,并将不确定性合并到一个非线性项中;然后,设计了迭代扩张状态观测器对非线性不确定项进行估计,作为对扰动的补偿;最后,设计了性能指标函数,通过最优技术,提出了参数迭代更新律和最优学习控制律.本文通过数学分析,证明了跟踪误差的有界收敛性.仿真结果验证了方法的有效性.所提出的新型迭代动态线性化方法可很大程度上降低线性化后的控制增益的动态复杂性,使其易于估计.所提出的迭代扩张状态观测器可以在重复中学习,对非重复扰动可进行有效的估计.此外,本文控制器的设计与分析是数据驱动的控制方法,除了被控系统的输入输出数据以外,不需要任何其他模型信息.     

变参考轨迹下的鲁棒迭代学习模型预测控制

迭代学习模型预测控制是针对间歇过程的先进控制方法.它能通过迭代高精度跟踪给定参考轨迹,并保证时域上的闭环稳定性.然而,现有的迭代学习模型预测控制算法大多基于线性/线性化系统,且没有考虑参考轨迹变化的情况.本文基于线性参变系统提出一种能有效跟踪变参考轨迹的鲁棒迭代学习模型预测控制算法.首先,采用线性参变模型准确涵盖原始非线性系统的动态特性.然后,将鲁棒H_∞控制与传统迭代学习模型预测控制相结合,抑制变参考轨迹带来的跟踪误差波动,通过优化线性矩阵不等式约束下的目标函数求得控制输入.深入分析了鲁棒迭代学习模型预测控制的鲁棒稳定性和迭代收敛性.最后,通过对数值例子和连续搅拌反应釜系统的仿真验证了所提出算法的有效性.     

含输入死区系统的滤波误差初始修正迭代学习控制

针对一类输入环节含死区非线性特性且误差初值非零的非参数不确定系统,提出滤波误差初始修正学习控制方案,分别解决死区斜率下限可知与未知两种情形下的轨迹跟踪问题.给出了两种修正滤波误差信号构造方法,并根据Lyapunov综合方法设计学习控制器,采用鲁棒学习策略处理非参数不确定性和死区非线性特性.经过足够多次迭代后,实现滤波误差在预设的作业区间也收敛于零.文中所提出的控制方案,具有构造简单与实施方便的特点,仿真结果表明了本文所提控制方法的有效性.     

Adaptive learning control for general nonlinear systems with nonuniform trial lengths,initial state deviation,and unknown control direction

This paper studies the iteration varying trail lengths problem for high‐order continuous‐time nonlinear systems, where the initial state may deviate from the desired value and the sign of input gain is unknown. First, to deal with the general nonlinear systems, a fuzzy approximation technique is applied for each dimension of the nonlinear function and the backstepping technique is then used for controller design and performance analysis. Moreover, to deal with the randomly varying trial length problem, we introduce a novel composite energy function for the asymptotic convergence analysis. Furthermore, the initial state deviation issue is resolved by introducing an initial state learning protocol such that the initial state tracking error converges to zero asymptotically. Last but not least, the unknown control direction is regulated by applying a Nussbaum function and the analysis in the presence of nonuniform trial lengths is strictly established. Based on these treatments, we prove that the tracking error converges to zero as iteration number increases and all signals are bounded. The effectiveness of the proposed framework is verified by numerical simulations.     

Adaptive iterative learning control for nonlinearly parameterized systems with unknown time-varying delay and unknown control direction

This paper proposes a new adaptive iterative learning control approach for a class of nonlinearly parameterized systems with unknown time-varying delay and unknown control direction.By employing the parameter separation technique and signal replacement mechanism,the approach can overcome unknown time-varying parameters and unknown time-varying delay of the nonlinear systems.By incorporating a Nussbaum-type function,the proposed approach can deal with the unknown control direction of the nonlinear systems.Based on a Lyapunov-Krasovskii-like composite energy function,the convergence of tracking error sequence is achieved in the iteration domain.Finally,two simulation examples are provided to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed control method.     

Sampled‐data iterative learning control for continuous‐time nonlinear systems with iteration‐varying lengths

In this work, sampled‐data iterative learning control (ILC) method is extended to a class of continuous‐time nonlinear systems with iteration‐varying trial lengths. In order to propose a unified ILC algorithm, the tracking errors will be redefined when the trial length is shorter or longer than the desired one. Based on the modified tracking errors, 2 sampled‐data ILC schemes are proposed to handle the randomly varying trial lengths. Sufficient conditions are derived rigorously to guarantee the convergence of the nonlinear system at each sampling instant. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed ILC laws, simulations for a nonlinear system are performed. The simulation results show that if the sampling period is set to be small enough, the convergence of the learning algorithms can be achieved as the iteration number increases.     

Robust learning control for nonlinear systems with nonparametric uncertainties and nonuniform trial lengths

This paper proposes robust iterative learning control schemes for continuous‐time nonlinear systems with various nonparametric uncertainties under nonuniform trial length circumstances. The nonuniform trial length is described by a random variable, which causes a random data missing problem while designing and analyzing algorithms for the precise tracking problem. Three common types of nonparametric uncertainties are taken into account: norm‐bounded uncertainty, variation‐norm‐bounded uncertainty, and norm‐bounded uncertainty with unknown coefficients. A novel composite energy function is introduced with the help of a newly defined virtual tracking error for the asymptotical convergence of the proposed schemes. Extensions to multiple‐input–multiple‐output cases are also elaborated. Illustrative simulations are provided to verify the theoretical results.     

一类非线性系统的误差轨迹跟踪鲁棒学习控制算法

针对一类含非参数不确定性的非线性系统,提出一种鲁棒迭代学习控制算法,该算法放宽了常规迭代学习控制方法的初始定位条件,迭代初值可任意取值.基于类Lyapunov方法设计误差轨迹跟踪控制器,通过鲁棒限幅学习机制对不确定性进行估计和补偿,能够在整个作业区间上实现误差对给定期望误差轨迹的精确跟踪,期望误差轨迹根据迭代起始时刻的误差值设置.利用期望误差轨迹的衰减性状,可使系统误差在预设的时间点后收敛于原点的邻域内,邻域半径的大小可根据需要任意设置.理论分析和仿真结果表明了控制方法的有效性.     

Nonlinear adaptive learning control for unknown time‐varying parameters and unknown time‐varying delays

A new adaptive learning control approach is proposed for a class of first‐order nonlinear systems with two unknown time‐varying parameters and an unknown time‐varying delay. By reconstructing the system equation, all unknown time‐varying terms, including the time‐varying delay, are combined into an unknown periodic time‐varying vector, which is estimated by a periodic adaptive mechanism. By constructing a Lyapunov–Krasovskii‐like composite energy function (CEF), we prove the boundedness of all signals and the convergence of the tracking error. The results are extended to two classes of high‐order nonlinear systems with mixed parameters. Three simulation examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the control algorithms proposed in this paper. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society     

基于反馈控制的迭代学习控制器设计

针对具有不确定项或干扰项的重复非线性时变系统,提出了基于反馈控制的迭代学习控制器,其中迭代学习控制器设计为高阶PD型,它以前馈的形式作用于对象,在满足一定的收敛性条件下,证明了该控制器的跟踪误差界是系统初始状态误差界和系统输出干扰项界的线性函数,同时改变反馈增益可以调整系统的最终跟踪误差界,仿真与实验均表明了该方法的有效性。     

A Kiefer‐Wolfowitz Algorithm Based Iterative Learning Control for Hammerstein‐Wiener Systems

The iterative learning control (ILC) is considered for the Hammerstein‐Wiener (HW) system, which is a cascading system consisting of a static nonlinearity followed by a linear stochastic system and then a static nonlinearity. Except the structure, the system is unknown, but the system output is observed with additive noise. Both the linear and nonlinear parts of the system may be time‐varying. The optimal control sequence under the tracking performance is first characterized, which, is however, unavailable since the system is unknown. By using the observations on system output the ILC is generated by a Kiefer‐Wolfowitz (KW) algorithm with randomized differences, which aims at minimizing the tracking error. It is proved that ILC converges to the optimal one with probability one and the resulting tracking error tends to its minimal value. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society