Fe(OH)2微波快速热解制备γ-Fe2O3

用硫酸亚铁为原料加NH3·H2O得到的Fe(OH)2作前驱物,在有CO32-存在下进行微波快速热解可直接得到γ-Fe2O3.与常规的热处理方式相比发现,微波热解产物的分散性较好且粒径减小.而在无CO32-存在时进行微波热解,产物为α-Fe2O3.另外用xRD、TEM等方法对产物进行了表征.     

负载型Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂的制备及其对煤微波热解的催化活性

为实现低变质煤资源化的目标,在低变质煤微波热解的基础上采用超声浸渍-焙烧法制备负载型Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂,采用场发射扫描电镜(SEM)及X射线能谱(EDS)对催化剂进行表征,研究了其对煤微波热解过程中的催化效果及机理,考察焙烧时间、焙烧温度等因素对催化剂催化活性的影响,通过气-质联用(GC-MS)及煤气分析仪对焦油及气体组分和含量进行测定。结果表明,Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂的加入提高了煤微波热解制氢气及焦油产率,超声浸渍条件下400℃焙烧4h制备的产品催化活性最佳。     

Fe_2O_3/ZnFe_2O_4纳米复合材料的制备及其光学特性

采用水热法制备了Fe2O3/ZnFe2O4纳米复合材料,使用XRD、TEM、SEM等测试手段对产物进行了表征,并采用紫外-可见分光光度计（UV-Vis）对产物的光学吸收特性进行了研究,结果表明,改变反应物的浓度和Zn掺杂比例可以分别得到Fe2O3/ZnFe2O4复合物和Zn掺杂Fe2O3。Fe2O3和ZnFe2O4的复合可以明显扩展Fe2O3在可见光波段的吸收范围,Zn掺杂Fe2O3样品的吸收可以达到红外波段。     

冷冻干燥合成ZrO2-(Al2O3,Fe2O3)及其微观组织的变化

通过冷冻干燥方法制备了ZrO2-Al2O3,ZrO2-Fe2O3二元及ZrO2-(Al2O3,Fe2O3)三元体系的前驱物粉末，研究了不同温度下的相变及微观组织结构，证明Fe2O3具有球化晶粒的作用，并获得了具有均匀细小显微组织的三元体系。     

Ce改性Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂的表征及催化活性研究

采用浸渍焙烧法分别制备了Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3和Ce改性的Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂,采用BET、XRD、XPS和XRF对其结构进行了表征,并用于常温常压CWPO工艺中,考察了Ce的掺杂对Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂催化活性和稳定性的影响.结果表明,Ce的掺杂提高了活性组分在载体表面的分散度,在相同的CWPO工艺条件下,Ce的掺杂使得Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂处理偶氮染料废水的催化活性提高了10%左右.     

Fe_3O_4掺杂制备气体分离功能炭膜

采用共混法在聚酰亚胺前驱体中引入Fe3O4纳米粒子,经高温热解炭化制备了杂化功能炭膜.采用XRD、TEM和VSM等分析方法对所制备的功能炭膜进行表征,并探讨了Fe3O4纳米粒子的掺杂量及炭化终温对功能炭膜气体分离性能的影响.结果表明,Fe3O4纳米粒子在热解炭化过程中发生了物相形态的改变,并对前驱体起到了催化石墨化的作用,使功能炭膜具有类石墨片层和乱层炭的两种炭结构形态,同时具有磁性.气体渗透实验表明,掺杂Fe3O4纳米粒子使所制备的功能炭膜具有"分子筛分"的分离特征,提高了炭膜的气体渗透性能,特别是对小分子气体H2的渗透性提高了61倍,H2/CO2的分离选择性也明显得到改善.Fe3O4的掺杂量和炭化终温对炭膜的气体分离性能有显著影响.Fe3O4添加量为20wt%的功能炭膜对H2、CO2、O2、N2和CH4等纯气体的渗透系数分别为15476、4385、1565、193和114Barrers[1Barrer=1×10-10cm3(STP).cm/(cm2.s.cmHg)].     

治癌用Fe2O3-CaO-SiO2基铁磁性微晶玻璃的研究现状

Fe2O3-CaO-SiO2基铁磁性微晶玻璃因具有磁滞生热性能和良好的生物活性而成为理想的温热疗法治疗癌症的热种子材料.主要介绍了Fe2O3-CaO-SiO2基铁磁性微晶玻璃的组成结构、制备、主要性能及其应用.     

Fe2O3纳米粒子的醋酸改性对其催化高氯酸铵热分解的影响

利用表面改性法对Fe2O3纳米粒子进行醋酸改性,用TEM和纳米粒度测试仪对Fe2O3纳米粒子进行了形貌和粒度表征,用FTIR和XPS对改性后的Fe2O3纳米粒子进行了结构表征,用DTA研究了醋酸改性处理对Fe2O3纳米粒子的高氯酸铵(AP)热分解催化性能的影响.结果表明,用凝胶-溶胶法制备了平均粒径为40nm,窄粒度分布的Fe2O3纳米粒子,醋酸改性处理改善了Fe2O3纳米粒子的分散性.FTIR和XPS结果表明,Fe2O3纳米粒子与醋酸分子发生了化学键合.DTA结果表明,Fe2O3纳米粒子的醋酸改性能提高Fe2O3纳米粒子的AP热分解催化性能;随着Fe2O3纳米粒子含量的增加,醋酸改性的效果越明显.     

Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂的制备表征及其催化活性的研究

采用浸渍法制备用于常温常压下催化湿式过氧化氢氧化工艺(CWPO)的负载型Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂,采用BET,SEM,XRD,XPS和XRF对其进行了表征,并以偶氮染料酸性橙为特征污染物,考察了Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂的催化活性和稳定性.研究表明,Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂中的活性组分Fe是以α-Fe2O3的形式存在,且Fe的负载量为1.907%(质量分数).对于初始浓度为500mg/L的酸性橙模拟废水,当Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂和H2O2氧化剂的投加量分别为30g/L和330mg/L时,处理3h时染料的脱色率、COD去除率和TOC去除率可分别达到82.10%,80.14%和74.2%.与传统Fenton试剂法相比,以Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3为催化剂的CWPO工艺具有矿化程度高和催化剂易回收再用的优点.     

Fe_2O_3@SrTiO_3纳米复合材料的制备与光催化性能研究

采用溶剂热法制成纳米纺锤体Fe2O3,再采用溶胶-凝胶法制成Fe2O3@SrTiO3纳米复合材料,并对其进行SEM、IR、EDS、XRD表征。SEM显示制备了纳米纺锤体Fe2O3和Fe2O3@SrTiO3纳米复合材料;IR、EDS表征都证明SrTiO3负载成功;XRD表征显示Fe2O3为赤铁矿晶型,掺杂的SrTiO3为无定形态。针对偶氮类染料橙Ⅱ的光催化实验表明,复合材料的光催化性能优于纯Fe2O3和纯SrTiO3,且随着SrTiO3含量的增加,光催化活性增强。当SrTiO3制备过程中所加前驱体剂量为17.0g时,橙Ⅱ的去除效率为37.5%。     

Microstructure and Strength of Al2O3/Al2O3 Joints Bonded with ZnO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 Glass-Ceramic

ZnO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 （ZABS） glass powder was used as interlayer to join alumina ceramics. The effect of joining temperature on the microstructure and strength of joints was investigated. The results showed that the ZABS glass can react with alumina substrate to form a layer of ZnAl2O4 at Al2O3/glass interface. Bending test exhibited that low joining temperature （1150℃） led to low joint strength due to the formation of pores in the interlayer, originated by high viscosity of the glass. High joining temperature （1250 ℃） also resulted in low joint strength, because of large CTE （coefficient of thermal expansion） mismatch between amorphous interlayer and alumina substrate. Therefore, only when the joining temperature was appropriate （1200℃）, defect-free interface and high joint strength can be obtained. The optimum joint strength reached 285 MPa, which was the same as the base material strength.     

Thermodynamic properties of seven gaseous halogenated hydrocarbons from acoustic measurements: CHClFCF3, CHF2 CF3, CF3 CH3, CHF2CH3, CF3CHFCHF2, CF3CH2CF3, and CHF2CF2CH2F

Measurements of the speed of sound in seven halogenated hydrocarbons are presented. The compounds in this study are 1-chloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (CHClFCF₃ or HCFC-124), pentafluoroethane (CHF₂ CF₃ or HFC-125), 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (CF₃CH₃ or HFC-143a), 1,1-difluoroethane (CHF₂CH₃ or HFC-152a), 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane (CF₃CHFCHF₂ or HFC-236ea), 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane (CF₃CH₂CF₃ or HFC-236fa), and 1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane (CHF₂CF₂CH₂F or HFC-245ca). The measurements were performed with a cylindrical resonator at temperatures between 240 and 400 K and at pressures up to 1.0 MPa. Ideal-gas heat capacities and acoustic virial coefficients were directly deduced from the data. The ideal-gas heat capacity of HFC-125 from this work differs from spectroscopic calculations by less than 0.2% over the measurement range. The coefficients for virial equations of state were obtained from the acoustic data and hard-core square-well intermolecular potentials. Gas densities that were calculated from the virial equations of state for HCFC-124 and HFC-125 differ from independent density measurements by at most 0.15%, for the ranges of temperature and pressure over which both acoustic and Burnett data exist. The uncertainties in the derived properties for the other five compounds are comparable to those for HCFC-124 and HFC-125.     

Plasma spraying of Al2O3 and Al2O3Y2O3

A microstructural study has been carried out of plasma-sprayed Al₂O₃ and mixed and sintered Al₂O₃Y₂O₃. In order to ascertain the degree of metastability achieved by plasma spraying, these results are compared with a similar experiment utilizing a CO₂ laser for melting and the hammer-and-anvil technique for quenching of the same materials. X-ray diffraction methods were used to determine the obtained phases and crystal structures. In addition, transmission electron microscopy was used to confirm the phases present and to study their morpology. The porosity was studied with both mercury intrusion porosimetry and small angle neutron scattering. The addition of Y₂O₃ is shown to decrease the porosity from 15% to 7.5%. Adhesion is likewise related to the addition of Y₂O₃ and it is seen that adhesion of the mixture is measurably improved over that of pure Al₂O₃. The implication of these results is discussed.     

Study of the strain-resistance properties of massive samples of Bi2Te3-Sb2Te3 and Bi2Te3-Bi2Se3

The coefficients of strain sensitivity of polycrystalline samples of ternary alloys based on bismuth and antimony chalcogenides were measured and the strain sensitivity of Peltier thermocouples of low height under real working conditions were evaluated.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 56, No. 1, pp. 97–99, January, 1989.     

B2O3-Al2O3-SiO2透明玻璃陶瓷研究

玻璃陶瓷属于一类多晶陶瓷材料.通过调整玻璃基质和晶相组成可以制备出具有良好的力学、热学、电学和光学性能的玻璃陶瓷材料.采用传统的熔融和退火技术制备出含B2O3-Al2O3-SiO2-Li2O-K2O组分的硼铝硅玻璃,并通过成核和长晶工艺最终制备出透明玻璃陶瓷.配合料在铂金坩埚中于1450℃下熔融2h,然后经两步热处理制度控制晶核的生成和晶粒的长大.采用差热分析技术确定成核和长晶温度.采用X射线衍射技术对不同热处理制度下的玻璃陶瓷样品进行分析,以确定最佳成核和长晶条件.采用扫描电子显微镜分析玻璃陶瓷形态,晶粒尺寸及其在残余玻璃相中的分布.采用UV-Vis-Nir分光光度计测定玻璃陶瓷样品的透过率.     

Calculation of the Quasiternary Systems:Si_3N_4-Y_2O_3-SiO_2,Y_2O_3-SiO_2-BeO and Y_2O_3-Al_2O_3-BeO

Based on the thermodynamic model of Kaufman for the calculation of quasibinary and quasiternary system, numerical method for the calculation of stable equilibrium is developed and thermodynamic data of undefined phases are discussed in this work for several ceramic systems.The calculated isothermal sections in Si3N4-Y2O3-SiO2 system meet well with other previous calculated phase diagrams and experimental results. The diagrams in Y2O3-SiO2-BeO and Y2O3-Al2O3-BeO systems are calculated for the approach of prediction.     

B2O3-Al2O3-SiO2系微晶玻璃析晶动力学研究

采用差示扫描量热（DSC）分析法对B2O3-Al2O3-SiO2系统微晶玻璃的析晶动力学参数进行了测定，研究了该系统微晶玻璃的析晶动力学。结果表明：随着B2O3/SiO2比的降低，该系统玻璃的析晶活化能E呈先升高后降低的变化趋势，当B2O3/SiO2比为11：5时，析晶活化能最小，Emin=375．4kJ／mol，晶化指数n则先减小后增大，但均〉4，表明该系统玻璃可整体析晶。     

Surface tension of PbO-B2O3 and Bi2O3-B2O3 glass melts

The surface tensions of xPbO-(100?x) B₂O₃ (x = 30–80 mol%) and xBi₂O₃-(100?x) B₂O₃ (x = 0–100 mol%) melts were measured using the ring method over the temperature range 973 to 1373 K. The compositional and temperature dependences of surface tension were investigated. Addition of PbO and Bi₂O₃ to B₂O₃ increased the surface tensions of their respective PbO-B₂O₃ and Bi₂O₃-B₂O₃ melts. The surface tension showed a maximum at 60 mol% PbO in the PbO-B₂O₃ melts and at 70–80 mol% Bi₂O₃ in the Bi₂O₃-B₂O₃ melts. The temperature coefficient of surface tension was examined on the basis of its relationship to the structure, and it was suggested that the temperature coefficient of surface tension decreases with an increasing content of four-coordinated boron.