淬火工艺对BR1500HS超高强度硼钢板组织与性能的影响

研究了淬火加热温度和保温时间对BR1500HS超高强度硼钢板的抗拉强度、硬度等力学性能和显微组织的影响。结果表明,随着淬火温度的升高,抗拉强度和硬度逐渐增加,当保温时间大于8 min时,淬火温度越高,组织越粗大,试验钢的抗拉强度和硬度降低。试验钢合理的淬火工艺为：淬火温度900~950 ℃、保温时间4~8 min,在此工艺下淬火的BR1500HS超高强度硼钢板马氏体转变完全,具有较好的综合力学性能。     

高空作业车臂用BR1500HS超高强钢的热处理工艺研究

采用JMatPro软件对BR1500HS超高强钢的热物理特性进行模拟,获得高空作业车臂用钢的CCT曲线。分别在不同加热温度、保温时间、淬火转移时间下进行热处理试验,对不同热处理参数下钢的抗拉强度和伸长率进行分析,通过金相组织变化对钢力学性能影响分析钢的微观机理。结果表明:BR1500HS超高强钢的抗拉强度随加热温度升高先升高后降低,在900℃时抗拉强度最高。随淬火转移时间的增加,钢的抗拉强度明显下降,伸长率升高;当淬火转移时间超过18 s后,钢的抗拉强度低于1000 MPa。     

BR1500HS硼钢板热压淬火工艺及其性能研究

超高强钢板热成形工艺能够实现"白车身"轻量化的同时提高其防撞安全性,能很好地解决目前汽车制造业"节能"和"安全"两大问题。本文以1.8 mm厚的BR1500HS热成形钢板为研究对象,研究了淬火工艺对其淬火组织、奥氏体晶粒尺寸和力学性能的影响。其最佳奥氏体化工艺为920℃保温5 min,淬火后的显微组织为均匀的板条马氏体,其抗拉强度高达1789 MPa,延伸率达到7.5%,强塑积为1.34×104MPa·%。根据优化的淬火工艺进行的热压淬火试验研究表明,淬火后板材的组织主要为板条马氏体,压淬件的抗拉强度高于1500 MPa,完全满足BR1500HS钢热成形件的使用要求,具有重要的工程意义。     

热处理条件对20Mn2CrNb超高强度汽车钢组织和力学性能影响的研究

研究了不同热处理工艺对20Mn2CrNb超高强度汽车钢显微组织和力学性能的影响.研究表明,将实验钢加热到950℃完全奥氏体化后,经不同方式冷却或在不同温度下进行保温时,可实现对该实验钢的组织和性能调控.淬火处理后,实验钢以马氏体组织为主,其强度达1690MPa,伸长率为9.7％;奥氏体化处理后再经300℃保温,实验钢的...     

奥氏体化温度对新型低合金超高强度钢组织及力学性能的影响

针对自主设计的新型Cr-Ni-Mo低合金超高强度钢,开展了奥氏体化温度对其组织与力学性能的研究。结果表明:随奥氏体化温度的升高,钢的强度、硬度和塑性先升高,当奥氏体化温度超过920℃后,强度、硬度和塑性降低。-40℃低温冲击韧性随奥氏体化温度的升高而逐渐升高。奥氏体化温度升高,钢的马氏体板条变宽,晶粒长大,碳化物逐渐溶解。试验钢在测试温度范围内最大抗拉强度1990 MPa,伸长率9.2%,断面收缩率56%,淬火态硬度55.6 HRC,此时,-40℃冲击吸收能量为8 J。     

高强钢B1500HS热成形后的显微组织和力学性能研究

研究了热成形后海面建筑高强钢B1500HS在热成形后的组织和力学性能。结果表明,奥氏体化加热温度910℃,保温5 min,初始成形温度800℃以上,冷却速度50℃/s条件下,B1500HS钢组织为细小均匀的板条状马氏体,晶粒细化和位错密度大,抗拉强度达到了1 625 MPa,显微硬度在50 HRC以上,抗冲击性能显著提升,力学性能完全满足海面建筑平台需求。     

超高强度钢热冲压过程的温度场及微观组织模拟分析

利用Gleeble1500对BR1500HS超高强度钢进行高温下的力学性能测试以及测定其高温流变行为。通过在500~900℃实验下该材料的真实应力-应变曲线和高温流变性能数据建立BR1500HS的热冲压有限元模型。结果表明,板料减薄率比预测值稍大,但仍然在允许范围。板料热冲压成形前后冷却速率大于临界冷却速率,因此能有效促进马氏体转变。     

焊前热处理对汽车悬架超高强度钢FSW接头性能的影响

为了提高汽车悬架用BR1500HS超高强度钢FSW接头的力学性能,对BR1500HS高强度钢板的FSW焊前热处理基本工艺参数进行改进实验,探究保温时间、加热温度对接头力学性能的影响规律。为超高强钢板FSW焊前热处理中确定加热温度及保温时间提供分析依据,为模拟和生产提供参数设置。     

奥氏体化处理对 WHT1300HF热成形钢组织和性能的影响

利用材料万能试验机、金相显微镜和透射电镜研究了热成形钢WHT1300HF在850、900和950℃分别保温5 min,以及在900℃分别保温2、10和15 min奥氏体化处理并模拟热冲压淬火后的组织和性能变化规律。结果表明,随着奥氏体化温度从850℃升高到950℃,试验钢的屈服强度先下降后有所升高,抗拉强度和伸长率均呈明显的下降趋势,显微硬度则迅速升高;而试验钢的强度、伸长率和显微硬度均随奥氏体化时间的延长呈明显的下降趋势。另外,在850℃和900℃保温2 min奥氏体化处理,试验钢的微观组织中均存在铁素体,而在900℃及以上的温度或在900℃保温5 min及更长时间奥氏体化处理后均为全马氏体组织;奥氏体晶粒大小随加热温度的升高和保温时间的延长逐渐增大,但加热温度对奥氏体晶粒的长大作用更显著。     

淬火温度对中锰QP钢组织和性能的影响

采用部分奥氏体化-淬火-配分工艺对中锰钢进行热处理,研究不同淬火温度对微观组织和力学性能的影响。试验结果表明:随着淬火温度的升高,试验钢的伸长率先升高后降低,而抗拉强度却逐渐降低。淬火温度为140 ℃时,试验钢中一次马氏体和新生马氏体的体积分数之和最大,因此抗拉强度最高。淬火温度为180 ℃时,试验钢中残留奥氏体的体积分数最大,伸长率最高,综合力学性能最好,强塑积最高为30 328.2 MPa·%。而淬火温度升到200 ℃时,由于试验钢中残留奥氏体的含量减少以及新生马氏体的硬度降低,其伸长率和抗拉强度均降低。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.