Pitch and petroleum coke additions to coke oven charges

Several pitch materials and a petroleum coke were added to coke oven charges in an attempt to make good metallurgical coke from Canadian coal of poor coking quality. Coal and petroleum pitches were added to a low fluid western Canadian coal of medium volatile bituminous rank, and the blends coked in a technical-scale moveable wall test oven having a 230-kg charge capacity. Pitches improved coke tumble test indices, the principal coke quality parameter related to blast furnace performance. Varying levels of petroleum coke were added to an eastern Canadian coal of high volatile bituminous rank, and the blends, some partially briquetted, were carbonized in a test oven. Tumble indices of coke from the partially briquetted charges approached an acceptable level. These investigations confirm that petroleum products as well as coal derivative can play a useful part in the production of a metallurgical strength coke from poor or non-coking coals.     

焦炉煤气经甲醇生产芳烃研究

我国焦化产业每年副产大量焦炉煤气。从市场前景、技术进展以及效益分析等方面对焦炉煤气经甲醇生产芳烃进行了阐述,为发展绿色、健康、可持续的焦化产业提供了一条新途径。     

The effect of plastic size on coke quality and coking pressure in the co-carbonization of coal/plastic in coke oven

In the recycling process of waste plastics using coke ovens, coals and added plastics are carbonized and changed into coke, tar, oil and coke oven gas in a coke oven chamber. In this study, the effect of added plastic size on coke quality and the effect of plastic addition on coking pressure was investigated. In the case of a plastic addition rate of 2%, the coke strength reached a minimum at the particle size of 10 mm for polyethylene (PE) and 3 mm for polystyrene (PS). The mechanism was attributed to the weak coke structure formed on the interface between plastic and coal. The result indicates that large or small plastic particles are favorable in order to add waste plastics to blended coals for coke making without affecting coke strength . Furthermore, it was also shown that a 1% addition of large size agglomerated waste plastics to blended coals did not increase coking pressure. Based on this fundamental study, and considering the ease of handling plastics, we have determined that the size of waste plastic used in a commercial-scale recycling process of waste plastics using coke ovens is about 25 mm. Nippon Steel Corporation started to operate a waste plastic recycling process using coke ovens at Nagoya and Kimitsu works in 2000 and at Yawata and Muroran works in 2002. Now the total capacity is 120,000 tons per year as of 2003 and this process is operating smoothly.     

QRD-2000型无回收焦炉的清洁生产分析

QRD-2000型无回收焦炉不走尾部治理的老路,从根本上杜绝了酚氰废水的排放,省去了大量化产废气对环境的危害。QRD-2000型无回收焦炉针对焦炉区的无组织排放,结合焦炉结构进行工艺改进,大大降低了无组织有害气体的排放量,优化了焦炉区操作环境,实现了焦化行业的清洁生产目标。     

捣固炼焦值得关注的几个问题

叙述了捣同炼焦配煤与焦炭质量的关系及捣固强度与配煤的关联性.指出:焦炭质量的基础是配煤质量,不会因煤准备和炼焦工艺等有根本性的改变;捣固炼焦可多用低变质程度,高挥发分气煤类的炼焦煤生产出一定质量的焦炭;捣同炼焦配煤适当增加黏结性配煤比例可提高焦炭质量,但用接近顶装焦炉的配煤进行捣固炼焦将丧失其优势并引发问题.捣固焦炉的...     

炼焦技术发展与焦炉煤气综合利用研究

为解决传统炼焦流程中焦炉煤气等副产品综合利用率较低的问题,以平煤神马集团为例,先简单介绍了集团的炼焦产业概况,然后从7个方面详细介绍了集团对焦炉煤气的综合利用措施。通过技术创新,发展了先进的炼焦技术与焦炉煤气等副产的高效洁净利用方式。通过多项技术集成与产业耦合,实现了集团内煤焦化工与煤炭采选、煤盐化工、尼龙化工四大核心产业的链接,为集团发展“煤炭-炼焦-能源-化工”的一体化之路开辟了新的途径。     

中国焦炉的大型化之路

回顾了中国焦炉大型化的发展历史,分析了焦炉大型化的优势,重点介绍了中国目前大型化焦炉的主力炉型JN60型焦炉、7.63m焦炉、JNX70和JNX3-70型焦炉、以及5.5m和6.25m捣固焦炉。并指出了选择炉型时应着重考虑的几个因素。     

Refractories for coke oven doors

Conclusions The main requirements of refractories for the doors of coke ovens are enhanced strength and thermal-shock resistance, and a reduced thermal conductivity. The use of chamotte articles due to lamination leads to scaling and spalling, and increases the gas permeability of the structure and causes rapid wearing. The resistance of the brick is reduced with an increase in the volume of the coking chamber, and this equals 1.5–2 years.In recent years a start has been made with the use of block concrete linings for the doors of coking ovens on the basis of concrete containing chamotte fillers and aluminous cements. The resistance of concrete blocks reaches 4–5 years or more. With block linings there is a reduction in the number of joints, ensuring mechanization of the installation and demolition of the lining, and a reduction in the time spent on lining operations.Two types of Soviet designs are used for the doors of coke ovens with block linings. The most promising is the nonreinforced lining with removable components, permitting independent changing of the blocks, and repeated use.Abroad, research is going on into reinforcement of blocks with metal fibers of special composition and the use of fused quartz for preparing the blocks.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 8, pp. 38–43, August, 1984.     

国内焦炉气制天然气专利技术发展现状

综述了国内焦炉气制天然气专利技术发展现状,分析了国内焦炉气制天然气技术的2种主要工艺,"焦炉气甲烷化制备天然气"工艺和"焦炉气联合净化分离制备天然气"工艺。介绍了目前国内焦炉气制天然气技术拥有单位或个人专利申请情况,指出焦炉气制天然气项目的实施对焦化行业节能减排及发展循环经济等具有重要意义。     

焦炉煤气和焦化粗苯的综合加工

焦化行业存在焦炉煤气利用不充分及焦化粗苯加工水平低的问题。本文介绍了一种焦炉煤气和焦化粗苯综合加工工艺,此工艺包括低、中温加氢单元,变压吸附单元,CrystaSulf一步法硫回收单元和GT-BTX芳烃萃取蒸馏单元。该综合加工工艺具有节能、减排、环保、增效的优点。     

焦炉煤气综合利用制取液化天然气

本文介绍了一种焦炉煤气利用新技术,将焦炉煤气中的甲烷和氢气从煤气中分离出来。分离出的甲烷生产液化天然气（LNG）,氢气通过锅炉燃烧产生蒸汽,可以提供动力和热力。此工艺具有投资规模小、焦炉煤气利用率高、收益大、无污染等特点,是中小焦化企业焦炉煤气综合利用、提高经济效益的好途径。     

常规焦炉上的完全型煤炼焦

简单介绍了型煤炼焦技术在国内外的发展情况。分析了型煤炼焦的优点,包括提高了非主流炼焦煤种的利用量;在降低入炉煤水分的同时,缩短了炼焦周期,降低了焦粉产率。但型煤炼焦也存在诸多问题,主要包括炉型小且适应性差,炼焦过程中对环境的污染严重,产出的炼焦产品质量不稳定。为了解决上述问题,研究了常规焦炉上的完全型煤炼焦技术。介绍了该工艺的流程,重点分析了其经济意义与技术可行性。结果表明:完全型煤炼焦可以提高不粘煤的配入比例,从而直接提高焦炭产量。在降低入炉煤成本的情况下,提高了焦炭品质。     

大型焦炉荒煤气导出和外逸状况的剖析

根据荒煤气导出的影响因素,介绍了大型焦炉荒煤气导出使用的3种装置,同时分析了大型焦炉在结焦过程中和装煤操作时荒煤气的外逸状况。     

Basic study on separate charge of coal and waste plastics in coke oven chamber

Nippon Steel Corporation started to operate a waste plastic recycling process using coke ovens at Nagoya and Kimitsu Works in 2000 and at Yawata and Muroran Works in 2002. Now the total capacity is 120,000 tons per year and the recycling process is operating smoothly. In this process, coals and added plastics are carbonized and changed into coke, tar, oil and coke oven gas in a coke oven chamber. At present, upper limit of the addition rate of waste plastics to blended coals is 1% so that the plastic addition does not affect coke strength. However, the amount of waste plastics in Japan is as much as about 10 million tons per year and there is a real need for increasing the amount of waste plastics treated by the waste plastic recycling process using coke ovens. We investigated a method of increasing the addition rate of waste plastics without affecting coke strength by charging coal and plastic separately in a coke oven chamber. In the case of the same plastic addition rate, charging the plastic in the bottom or the top part of the coke oven chamber can decrease the deterioration of coke strength compared with charging a homogeneous mixture of coal and plastic. Charging the plastic in the bottom decreases the coke strength to a greater extent than charging the plastic in the top. This is because the decomposition of the plastic charged in the bottom decreases the bulk density of the upper coal layer. The results suggest that charging the coal and waste plastics separately increases the amount of waste plastics treated in the waste plastic recycling process using coke ovens. In order to commercialize this method, further studies are necessary concerning the charging method, device and the effect of this method on the coke oven operation.     

Industrial utilization of spent ion-exchange resin in the coke battery

Experimental coking with spent ion-exchange resins as an additive in the coal batch is considered; rammed batch is employed. Both box coking and large-scale coking are considered; the resin content in the batch is 1–5 wt %. The influence of the resins on coke quality is assessed. The coal blend used in industrial coke production is employed. Adding small quantities of resin (<5 wt %) to the batch improves the coke’s cold strength M ₈₀ and M ₄₀, without impairment of CRI and CSR. The quality of the coal tar and the organized gas emission remains unchanged. Hence, spent ion-exchange resins may be recycled by adding small quantities (3%) to the coal batch in coke production.     

焦炉长结焦时间状态下的管理与维护

在焦炉不能维持正常生产时,一般采用延长结焦时间的方法降低生产能力.介绍了焦炉在长结焦时间状态下,从规范出炉操作入手,做好炉温调控、压力调控、炉体维护等工作.分析了焦炉长结焦时间状态下的控制措施与控制经验,对K均、K安、炼焦耗热量等工艺指标及炭化室高向加热等问题提出了建议.     

Predicting the carbonizing period and coking heat of coal charges in horizontal-chamber coke ovens

The carbonizing period and coking heat of coal charges in horizontal-chamber coke ovens have been calculated for different variables influencing the carbonization process by applying two Fourier differential equations. The results from these calculations and from numerous tests in commercial coke ovens were analysed by means of statistical methods. Two regression equations were formulated, enabling the carbonizing period and coking heat to be predicted with sufficient precision.     

Effects of weathered coal on coking properties and coke quality

Determinations of weathered coal by petrographic methods, and coking tests in an 18-inch ($\text{≈}\text{1}\text{2}\text{m}$) test oven were used to quantify the effects of weathered coal on coking properties and coke quality. The results show that the presence of weathered coal causes a decrease in coke stability and coking rate and an increase in coke reactivity and coke-breeze generation. Because these effects contribute to increased costs in both the coke plant and the blast furnace, every effort should be made to reduce the amount of weathered coal in coking coal mixes.     

焦炉烟囱NOx排放控制刍议

新的国家标准《炼焦化学工业污染物排放标准》提出了焦炉烟囱的NOx排放控制要求。本文从焦炉加热系统的设计和对焦炉烟道废气的后处理2个层面论述了焦炉烟囱NOx排放控制的技术措施,简要介绍了SCR烟气脱硝技术,提出了借鉴日本东京煤气公司的中试与工程经验,采用SCR脱硝技术对焦炉烟道废气进行后处理,以达到国家标准对“特别地区”焦炉烟囱的NOx排放控制要求。