共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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研究了以月桂酰肌氨酸钠为主要表面活性剂的香波的增稠问题,主要考察了两性表面活性剂的添加量、pH值以及盐的种类等对体系黏度的影响。结果表明,在一定的pH值范围内,香波体系黏度随两性表面活性剂用量的增加和pH值的降低而增加,当达到一定pH值,黏度达到最大,随后随着pH值的降低黏度降低;在合适的pH值下,体系的黏度随着盐用量的增加而增加,当盐的用量达到一定值后,体系的黏度随着盐添加量的增加反而降低;体系的黏度与所添加盐的种类也有一定的关系,氯化镁对该香波黏度的影响最明显。 相似文献
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通过对碳酸钙、硅灰石和滑石粉填充聚氯乙烯(PVC)发泡人造革的试验,研究了不同填料用量及发泡时间对PVC发泡人造革发泡倍率的影响。结果表明:若保持发泡配方中的其他组分含量不变,只改变某一填料用量,PVC发泡倍率随碳酸钙或硅灰石添加量的增加而降低;而对于滑石粉用量,在发泡时间较短时,用量达到30份,PVC发泡倍率出现最大值,当发泡时间较长时,发泡倍率随着滑石粉添加量的增加而升高;若保持发泡配方中发泡剂和发泡助剂的相对含量及混合料黏度不变,碳酸钙和硅灰石用量分别达到60份和55份(树脂为80份)时,PVC发泡倍率出现最大值。对于滑石粉,发泡时间短时,发泡倍率随着其添加量的增加而升高,发泡时间长时,填加30份,PVC发泡倍率会出现最大值。 相似文献
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《应用化工》2022,(11)
自转向酸对于非均质储层酸化效果较好,通过室内实验对芥酸酰胺丙基甜菜碱表面活性剂用作酸化自转向剂进行了性能评价。结果表明,甜菜碱自转向剂体系黏度随着pH升高先增大后稳定,Ca(2+)能够显著增加残酸黏度。当pH值为4时,5%甜菜碱JAB浓度的酸液黏度最大值可达414 mPa·s。体系具有较好的耐温性和抗剪切性,在90℃时170 s(2+)能够显著增加残酸黏度。当pH值为4时,5%甜菜碱JAB浓度的酸液黏度最大值可达414 mPa·s。体系具有较好的耐温性和抗剪切性,在90℃时170 s(-1)下黏度仍可达220 mPa·s,且破胶性能好,破胶后黏度<5 mPa·s,易返排,对储层伤害小。双岩心并联流动实验表明,甜菜碱自转向酸化效果明显,对低渗透岩心的渗透率改善率可达78.2%,可满足非均质碳酸盐岩储层的酸化转向需要。 相似文献
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染色废水的还原脱色及其回用 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
使用还原型双组分脱色剂对含有不同种类水溶性染料的染色废水进行脱色处理,重点研究了脱色剂用量、反应温度、pH值和时间对脱色反应的影响。并且将脱色后的染色废水回用于织物染色中,在染料的上染速率曲线和颜色特征方面进行了比较。结果表明,随着脱色刑用量的增加,染色废水的脱色率都逐渐升高:中性pH条件和温度的升高均可以促进染色废水的脱色;在60℃~700℃,脱色率可达到90%;在常温下3~5分钟内完成脱色,而直接染料不超过15分钟,脱色废水能够回用于织物染色中,染料的上染曲线几乎没有变化,染色深度和色差变化极小。 相似文献
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在确定树脂黏度和固含量的前提下,考察了发泡温度、发泡剂、固化剂等对酚醛泡沫塑料性能的影响。结果表明,升高温度有利于发泡,但温度过高,泡沫发生穿孔现象。固化剂用量增大,泡沫起泡时间和指干时间缩短,当其用量在16~18份(质量份,下同)时,泡沫体表观质量较好。发泡剂用量增大,泡沫表观密度和压缩强度显著降低。当发泡剂用量大于12份后,泡沫体密度变化不大。 相似文献
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选择矿物类润滑油聚α-烯烃(PAO4)为研究对象,采用高温模拟氧化装置制备氧化油样,依次测定油样100℃运动黏度,并对试验油样的泡沫特性和空气释放值进行了测定。试验结果表明:PAO的黏度会随着氧化温度的逐渐升高出现先增大后减小的趋势,在240℃达到黏度的最大值;PAO的起泡倾向随着氧化温度的升高逐渐增大,且在一定范围纳内,与黏度值成正比,进而导致了抗泡性能变差;由于氧化生成较高表面活性的醇、酮类化合物以及不溶杂环化合物,形成了可溶及不溶的表面活性吸附层,导致了空气释放时间的增加,但空气释放性能整体较好。 相似文献
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乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。 相似文献
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D. G. Gordeev L. F. Gudarenko M. V. Zhernokletov V. G. Kudel’kin M. A. Mochalov 《Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves》2008,44(2):177-189
A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation
of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from
the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO2) of density 0.08 g/cm3.
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Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008. 相似文献
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Jorge Marcelo Romero Soledad Bustillo Hugo Enrique Ramirez Maisuls Nelly Lidia Jorge Manuel Eduardo Gómez Vara Eduardo Alberto Castro Alicia H. Jubert 《International journal of molecular sciences》2007,8(7):688-694
A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out. 相似文献
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The objective of the study was to explore the effect of the degree of deacetylation (DD) of the chitosan used on the degradation rate and rate constant during ultrasonic degradation. Chitin was extracted from red shrimp process waste. Four different DD chitosans were prepared from chitin by alkali deacetylation. Those chitosans were degraded by ultrasonic radiation to different molecular weights. Changes of the molecular weight were determined by light scattering, and data of molecular weight changes were used to calculate the degradation rate and rate constant. The results were as follows: The molecular weight of chitosans decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. The curves of the molecular weight versus the ultrasonication time were broken at 1‐h treatment. The degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. This may be because the chances of being attacked by the cavitation energy increased with an increasing molecular weight species and may be because smaller molecular weight species have shorter relaxation times and, thus, can alleviate the sonication stress easier. However, the degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis increased with an increasing DD of the chitosan used. This may be because the flexibilitier molecules of higher DD chitosans are more susceptible to the shear force of elongation flow generated by the cavitation field or due to the bond energy difference of acetamido and β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage or hydrogen bonds. Breakage of the β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage will result in lower molecular weight and an increasing reaction rate and rate constant. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3526–3531, 2003 相似文献
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塔设备改造选型的分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后,着重介绍一种新型塔板(导向梯形浮阀塔板)和一种新型填料(波环填料——乾隆帕克)。 相似文献