亚麻织物三元复配体系防皱整理研究

采用柠檬酸、马来酸与降解壳聚糖或聚乙烯醇的三元复配体系对亚麻织物进行防皱整理。对整理后织物的白度、断裂强力、折皱回复角等性能进行测试,对比研究不同的三元复配体系对亚麻织物防皱整理性能的影响。实验结果表明:聚乙烯醇与柠檬酸、马来酸的三元复配体系当w_((聚乙烯醇))为3.5%,w_((次亚磷酸钠))为3%;T_((焙烘))为165℃,t_((焙烘))为3min时整理后织物折皱回复角为212°,断裂强力保留率为63.05%,白度为79.54%。     

柠檬酸酒石酸复配体系对亚麻织物的防皱整理作用

以过硫酸钾为促进剂,将柠檬酸和酒石酸应用于亚麻织物的无醛防皱整理。讨论了整理剂的物质的量比及用量对织物折皱回复角、断裂强度保留率及白度的影响。结果显示,在使用加（柠檬酸）为10％（占整理液质量）的柠檬酸以及柠檬酸／酒石酸为1：0．5（物质的量比）,并用w（次磷酸钠）为3％（占整理液总质量）的催化剂在165℃焙烘3min,可获得良好的织物折皱回复角、断裂强度保留率和白度。     

丙烯酸和马来酸在亚麻织物无醛防皱整理中的应用

以过硫酸钾为促进剂,将丙烯酸和马来酸应用于亚麻织物的无醛防皱整理。讨论了焙烘条件和整理及用量对织物折皱回复角、断裂强度保留率及白度的影响。结果显示,在使用w(丙烯酸)为12%(占整理液质量)的丙烯酸以及丙烯酸/马来酸为1∶1(物质的量比),并用w(次亚磷酸钠)为7%(占单体总质量)的催化剂在155℃焙烘5 min,可获得良好的织物折皱回复角、断裂强度保留率和白度。最后,采用傅立叶变换红外光谱技术证明在多元羧酸的羧基与纤维素的羟基之间形成酯键交联,并在1722.12 cm-1处找到明显的之间吸收峰。     

棉织物的抗菌免烫整理研究

通过正交试验探讨了用H2 O2 氧化降解法制备适用于与聚羧酸MAA - 1配合进行抗菌免烫整理的低聚水溶性壳聚糖的最佳工艺 ,研究了降解壳聚糖与聚羧酸MAA - 1配合对棉织物进行抗菌免烫整理的工艺以及降解壳聚糖的质量浓度和相对分子质量对整理效果的影响。结果表明 :用 80g/L的聚羧酸MAA - 1和 4 0 g/L相对分子质量为 90 0 0的降解壳聚糖分两浴整理的棉织物的褶皱回复角为 2 71°,DP等级为 4 .0 ,断裂强力保留率为 6 4 % ,对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌率分别为 94%和 83%。经过 2 0次洗涤 ,其WRA为 2 5 7° ,DP等级为 3.7,而抗菌率则均保持在洗涤前的 80 %以上。阴离子染料 (直接冻黄G)染色的K/S值较用聚羧酸MAA - 1整理的棉织物提高了 1 .85。     

GO/氟硅乳液复合亚麻整理剂的拒水防紫外线性能

以氧化石墨烯（GO）为功能填料，氟硅丙烯酸酯（FSiAc）乳液为功能黏合助剂，制备氧化石墨烯/氟硅丙烯酸酯（GO/FSiAc）复合乳液整理剂，并通过轧-烘-焙工艺对亚麻织物进行拒水防紫外线多功能整理。利用FTIR、TEM和DLS表征了GO/FSiAc复合乳液的结构和粒径分布；通过XPS和SEM表征了整理亚麻织物的表面元素和形貌；考察了软单体（BA）和硬单体（MMA）的质量比及GO的质量浓度等对整理亚麻织物的耐热性、拒水性、紫外线防护性能及物理机械性能等应用性能及服用性能的影响。结果表明，GO在FSiAc乳液中良好的分散并均匀地覆盖在亚麻织物表面。当m(BA)∶m(MMA)=7∶3，GO的质量浓度达到4 g/L时，表现出优异的拒水性和防紫外线性能，其水接触角为148.48°，紫外线防护系数（UPF）为179.77，紫外线（UVA）波段的透过率为0.63%。与原始亚麻织物相比，GO/FSiAc复合乳液整理亚麻织物的耐热性、断裂强力和断裂伸长率分别提升了60.67℃、153 N和11.1%，同时保持良好的透气性能。经过20次皂洗测试后，水接触角仍为142.00°，UPF为162.22，UVA波段的透过率为0.94%，说明整理后亚麻织物具有良好的耐久性。     

亚麻用降解壳聚糖含磷阻燃剂的合成及应用

以六氯环三磷腈(HCCP)、降解壳聚糖(JCH)及乙醇为原料,制备出一种降解壳聚糖含磷阻燃剂JCHP-2。将其应用于亚麻织物的阻燃整理,考察了JCHP-2的含磷量及用量对织物阻燃性能的影响并研究其耐洗性能;结果表明,当JCHP-2的含磷量为14.41at%、用量为12%时,亚麻织物垂直燃烧性能达到GB/T5455—1997 B1级标准,皂洗10次后仍能达到B2级标准,具有一定的耐洗性。对优化条件下整理的亚麻织物进行热重分析,结果表明,织物的初始裂解温度降低,800℃残炭量由6.57%增加至25.89%。说明JCHP-2对亚麻织物具有较好的阻燃作用。     

EFR-3超低甲醛树脂对棉织物的防皱整理工艺研究

以EFR-3超低甲醛树脂为整理剂,通过测定整理后棉织物的折皱回复角、断裂强力、撕破强力,对影响防皱效果的各因素进行实验和分析,得出防皱最佳整理工艺为:EFR-3超低甲醛树脂的用量为120 g/L,催化剂MgCl2的用量为18g/L,柔软剂有机硅的用量为30 g/L,渗透剂JFC的用量为1 g/L,pH值为3.4～4.4,85℃预烘4分钟,155℃焙烘5分钟.EFR-3超低甲醛树脂对棉织物的防皱整理工艺具有环保和织物强力损伤小的特点.     

多元羧酸类整理剂DP整理对纤维素纤维分子量的影响

用多元羧酸类整理剂对纯棉织物进行耐久压烫整理可以增加织物的抗皱性能。但会降低织物的物理机械性能，对耐久压烫整理织物而言，拉伸断裂强力的降低是其最大的缺点。也是其推广的最大障碍，用多元羧酸整理剂处理纯棉织物，其拉伸断裂强力的降低可以归因于纤维素分子量的降低和纤维素分子间/内的交联，测量用多元羧酸整理剂整理前后纯棉纤维的分子量，可能对了解纤维素纤维的降解提供可能，在这篇章中，先用BTCA处理纯棉织物，然后将整理后的织物用0.5M的NaOH溶液在50℃下处理144小时，将形成的酯交联水解，用特殊溶剂溶解经上述处理的织物，用18角激光散射仪测定其绝对分子量，实验结果表明，BTCA处理对棉纤维有降解作用。     

表面活性剂对钛酸四丁酯整理尼龙6织物的影响

根据水热合成技术,在以钛酸四丁酯为前体物时,通过添加表面活性剂来控制生成的纳米二氧化钛颗粒尺寸,同时直接对尼龙6织物表面进行整理改性,并使用活性染料对织物进行染色。测试了织物的透气性、光泽度、拉伸性能以及色牢度等,研究了不同种类表面活性剂对钛酸四丁酯整理尼龙6织物服用和染色性能的影响。结果表明,经整理改性的织物断裂强力和断裂伸长率增大,十二烷基苯磺酸纳使织物光泽度提高,壳聚糖使织物透气性下降最少。     

真丝织物无甲醛免烫整理技术研究

针对真丝纤维大分子的特殊结构,探讨了真丝织物的起皱原因和弹性整理工艺。采用无甲醛防皱整理剂BT-CA对真丝织物进行免烫整理,湿折皱回复角最大可提高95°,对织物的白度影响很小,断裂强度变化不大,甚至有增强的效果,并保持了丝绸原有的风格。     

Using Persulfate Oxidized Chitosan as a Novel Additives in Easy-Care Finishing for Cotton Textiles

Easy care finishing of cotton fabric using glyoxal in the presence and absence of low molecular weight chitosan, i.e., persulfate-oxidized chitosan, as a novel additive along with MgCl₂·6H₂O as an acid catalyst was studied in detail. Major factors affecting finishing reaction were studied with respect to glyoxal, oxidized chitosan, and catalyst concentrations in addition to curing time and temperature of treatment according to the pad-dry-cure method. The obtained results show the following findings: (a) increasing the glyoxal concentration from 5–50 g/l in absence of oxidized chitosan is accompanied by an increase in crease recovery angle and a decrease in tensile strength of the finished fabric, whereas that treated in the presence of oxidized chitosan shows a higher tensile strength and to some extent comparable crease recovery angle with respect to that finished in the absence of it when the concentration of glyoxal increases; (b) increasing the oxidized chitosan concentration is accompanied by decreasing crease recovery angle, whereas the tensile strength increases when glyoxal concentration increases within the range studied; (c) increasing the MgCl₂·6H₂O from 0–15 g/l is accompanied by an increase in the crease recovery angle and a decrease in tensile strength of the finished fabrics in the presence and absence of oxidized chitosan; (d) increasing the time and temperature of curing of the finished fabrics is accompanied by an increase in crease recovery angles and decreases in tensile strength; and (e) the dry wrinkle recovery angle of cotton fabric samples finished in presence of O-chitosan is decreased after washing, and the higher the washing cycle the lower the dry wrinkle recovery angle.     

The study of rapid curing crease‐resistant processing on cotton fabrics. Part I. The effect of chitosan on the physical properties of processed fabrics

The principal aim of this study is to explore the effect of chitosan on the physical properties of cotton fabrics in rapid curing crease‐resistant processing. It was determined that compared with the traditional three‐stage processing, the addition of chitosan is beneficial to the absorbency of processed fabrics, dry‐wet wrinkle recovery angle, and tensile strength retention. In addition, the dry‐wet wrinkle recovery angle of processed fabrics increases with the increase of curing temperature and curing treatment time, but absorbency and tensile strength retention both decrease. Also, the dry‐wet wrinkle recovery angle and tensile strength retention of processed fabrics increase with higher chitosan concentrations, but the fabric's absorbency is reduced. In general, use of 0.5%≈︁0.75% chitosan with DMEU curing treatment conditions of 8%, 200°C for 30 s will provide optimum physical property balance for processed fabrics. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 78: 35–40, 2000     

XLA包芯纱-棉交织物试织研究

以XLA-棉包芯纱为经纱、纯棉纱为纬纱,在Y002S型小样织机上试织了4种XLA包芯纱-棉交织物,并测试了织物的断裂强力、断裂伸长率、耐磨性和褶皱回复性。测试结果表明:相同经纱密度下,斜纹组织织物的断裂强力和断裂伸长率大于平纹组织的;经纱密度越大,织物的耐磨性和褶皱回复性越好。     

Effects of processing parameters and molecular weight distribution on the tensile properties of polypropylene fibers

The tensile properties of polypropylene fibers, produced in a short-spin line, are correlated with the parameters of the three processing stages (spinning, drawing, and annealing), and with the molecular weight distribution. In general, tensile stiffness and strength increase with increasing molecular orientation, while the elongation at break decreases. The degree of orientation is determined by the deformation ratios and temperatures of the first two stages. Tensil modulus and strength also increase with increasing annealing stage shrinkage ratio. All the tensile properties, including the elongation at break, increase with increasing average molecular weight. The mechanisms of crystallization and deformation are related to the molecular weight distribution in different ways. Hence, the tensile modulus is highest for broad distributions when the draw ratio is low, and for narrow distributions when the draw ratio is high. The tensile strength increases and the elongation at break decreases as the width of the molecular weight distribution decreases, for all combinations of processing parameters. The distribution of tensile strength, for fibers with high draw ratios, broadens as the molecular weight distribution narrows. The total draw ratio of fibers, as experienced during processing and testing, and the true stress at break, are discussed in terms of deformation rates and relaxation times. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Wrinkle resistant properties and antibacterial efficacy of cotton fabrics treated with glyoxal system and with combination of glyoxal and chitosan system

This study examined the possibility of using glyoxal and chitosan in one‐step finishing to impart both durable press performance and antibacterial efficacy on cotton fabrics. Glyoxal treatment provided good wrinkle resistant property and fair antibacterial activity on the finished fabrics, but the loss of breaking strength retention of the finished fabrics was a main problem of this treatment. Chitosan added in the combination of glyoxal and chitosan system also provided comparable results in wrinkle resistant and antibacterial properties on the finished fabrics as the glyoxal did. The advantage of chitosan in the combination of glyoxal and chitosan system was the improvement of the breaking strength retention of the finished fabrics without affecting the durable press property of the finished fabrics. However, the yellowing of the finished fabric was still a problem when the finished fabrics were treated with the combination of glyoxal and chitosan system. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 1372–1377, 2006     

Effect of additives on durable‐press cotton fabrics treated with a glyoxal/glycol mixture

Cotton fabrics were treated with a glyoxal/glycol mixture for a nonformaldehyde durable‐press finish by a pad–dry–cure method. Aluminum sulfate was used as a catalyst. The effects of additives such as sodium hydrogen sulfate, polyurethane, and a silicone softener were examined. Sodium hydrogen sulfate improved the whiteness and strength retention of the treated fabrics. The degree of whiteness of the treated fabrics was similar to that of fabrics treated with 1,2,3,4‐butanetetracarboxylic acid. Polyurethane improved the wrinkle recovery angle and tearing strength retention of the treated fabrics significantly but impaired the whiteness. The softening agent increased the retention of the tearing strength and abrasion resistance significantly. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 975–978, 2005     

Chitosan phosphate induced better thermal characteristics to cotton fabric

Chitosan phosphate was prepared and applied at different concentrations with and without low formaldehyde N‐methylol finishing agent (resin) to cotton fabrics. Chitosan phosphate was characterized by FTIR, nitrogen content, and phosphorus content. The so‐treated fabrics were monitored for thermogravimetric analysis (maximum decomposition temperature and residue contents after decomposition), nitrogen content, phosphorus content, tensile strength, and elongation at break. Results indicate that extent of reaction of chitosan phosphate with the cotton fabric relies on concentration of the former; increasing the concentration of the resin has practically no effect on this reaction though the resin functions as a chemical bridge between the chitosan phosphate and the cotton fabric. On the other hand, the nitrogen of the resin and the phosphorus of chitosan undergo synergetic effect and enhance the thermal properties of the treated cotton. Strength properties display higher values in the presence than in the absence of chitosan phosphate when the latter was used along with the resin. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 2021–2026, 2007     

Durable antimicrobial finish of cotton fabrics

Cotton fabrics were treated with Biopag, which does not have any functional groups that are reactive toward cellulose, using crosslinking agents or a binder, for the purpose of imparting a durable antimicrobial finish. In this respect, it was found that the crosslinking agents were more effective than the binder. It was confirmed by FT‐IR that the characteristic split peaks of Biopag were still seen even after repeated launderings. The crosslinking agents deteriorated the whiteness and tensile strength of the Biopag‐treated cotton fabrics, while the wrinkle recovery angles (WRAs) were significantly improved. The one‐step padding of Biopag and the crosslinking agent was found to be superior to the two‐step padding method in which Biopag padding was followed by padding of crosslinking agent in respect of WRA, whereas the whiteness and tensile strength were vice versa. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007     

Use of chitosan to improve dyeability of DP-finished cotton (II)

Chitosan was used to improve the dyeability of DP-finished cotton. Cotton fabric was treated with a mixture of chitosan, 4,5-dihydroxy-1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (DHDMI), and catalyst in a one-step process. To investigate the effect of molecular weight of chitosan on the dyeability of treated fabrics, six chitosan samples of different molecular weights were prepared by depolymerization with sodium nitrite; 185,300, 73,200, 59,000, 21,000, 14,000, and 3,800, respectively. Chitosan improves dye uptake of direct and acid dyes considerably, and the dye uptake increases with the increase of the molecular weight of chitosan. Reactive dye uptake increases slightly in alkaline condition as the molecular weight of chitosan decreases. Higher dye uptake is obtained in acidic condition than in alkaline condition. Chitosan treatment has no discernable effect on the colorfastness to washing, but decreases the colorfastness to wet crocking by about half a point. And chitosan affects other properties of treated fabric; lower wrinkle recovery, stiffer handle, and higher breaking strength as the molecular weight of chitosan increases. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 67:1515–1521, 1998