基于认知思维的环卫安全代步车造型设计

产品意象造型设计是工业设计造型理论的核心。通过对设计认知思维及产品意象造型设计相关理论的研究,提出基于认知思维的产品意象造型设计方法。以环卫安全代步车意象造型设计为例,以用户和设计师的意象认知思维为基础,通过挖掘产品感性意象、辨识形态设计要素,对产品造型进行创新设计,给出了设计方案,以验证设计方法的可行性,为相关企业开展新产品意象造型设计提供参考。     

基于统计学方法的数控机床感性意象研究

采用统计学方法,结合感性工学数量化理论Ⅰ对数控机床的造型意象开展设计研究,得到更符合用户感性需求的数控机床造型。在调研数控机床感性意象词汇的基础上,运用多维尺度分析法和K-mean聚类分析将数控机床的感性意象词汇进行分群,并提取具有代表性的感性意象词汇。通过调研搜集29个具有代表性的数控机床造型图片,运用帕累托图对数控机床的造型设计要素进行提取。运用数量化理论Ⅰ研究消费者的感性意象与数控机床设计要素的关系,并建立相应的数学分析模型,有助于数控机床的精准化设计,并为产品的形象识别(Product Identity,PI)设计提供参考。     

基于PSO-BP神经网络的工业装备造型设计研究

针对工业装备造型、空间布局等外观特征要素与用户感性认知的复杂映射问题,提出基于PSO-BP神经网络算法的工业装备造型优化设计方法.结合因子降维、文本挖掘等方法确定代表性样本和感性意象词汇,采用语义差异法建立工业装备外观意象特征评价量表.依据用户感性意象评价与用户喜爱度建立线性回归公式,通过PSO-BP神经网络建立造型元素特征与用户感性认知间的映射模型,应用线性回归公式和映射模型构建工业装备造型设计系统.以某企业风电车载换油机为例,验证了该设计系统的有效性,为工业装备的造型设计提供参考.     

面向感性需求的家庭服务机器人造型设计研究

为挖掘老年群体对家庭服务机器人造型的需求,运用感性工学理论,提出一种探讨各感性需求内部相关性及各感性需求对造型设计要素重要程度的方法。采用语义差异法和李克特量表对代表性样本造型意象的感性认知进行分析,构建语义库,运用格拉布斯(Grubbs)准则消除粗大误差,通过SPSS软件对感性词汇测量数据进行主成分分析和因子系数数量化分析,得出影响造型设计的主要因子,明确感性意象与服务机器人造型要素之间的映射关系,提取产品主要部位的感性造型特征,并依据主要因子所对应的代表性样本对家庭服务机器人进行造型设计。结果表明:感性意象空间的构建和感性需求相关性分析的方法可有效指导家庭服务机器人造型设计。     

产品意象造型设计关键技术研究进展

在设计中充分考虑消费者的感性意象需求是工业设计发展的重要趋势。通过对国内外相关文献的综述,论述了感性工学的概念,重点分析了产品意象造型设计所涉及的感性意象挖掘、造型形态描述、产品造型设计要素辨识、产品感性意象与设计要素关联及产品意象造型智能设计等关键技术和方法,为其研究与应用建立了实用的体系。     

基于DE-BP的机械装备配色设计评价方法

针对机械装备色彩意象认知复杂性问题,提出基于DE-BP算法的感性意象与产品色彩属性的评价模型,实现对复杂机械装备配色设计的有效评估.首先运用ALSCAL与聚类算法获取感性意象词,分析产品的色彩属性,通过K-Means算法提取样本色彩与面积比,完成色彩样本编码;然后应用语义量表法对样本进行意象词符合程度评价,得到样本各个意象词的评价值.通过SPSS对用户喜爱度的评价值与产品设计要素进行显著性分析,验证设计要素对色彩意象认知的影响程度;最后运用DE-BP算法构建用户感性意象与设计要素之间的关系模型.通过研究感性意象和产品的色彩属性,构建感性意象与设计要素的评价系统,为机械装备配色设计过程提供定量的色彩评价指导.以换油机为研究对象进行设计实践,验证评价系统的可靠性与有效性,实现了配色设计评价与智能分析,更好的满足机械装备的色彩设计需求.     

基于SPSD评价标准的纯电动汽车感性意象设计方法

为改进纯电动汽车造型设计方法,运用感性工学方法对纯电动SUV感性意象与设计要素的关系进行研究。基于用户意象感知特性提出风格、比例、曲面和细节(Style-Proportion-Surface-Detail,SPSD)评价标准,建立了纯电动SUV车型样本库,运用因子分析法筛选感性意象词汇,并基于SPSD评价标准提取设计要素;在改进的语义差异量表基础上,利用Qt软件编写调研程序,获取感性意象与设计要素的关系,应用数量化理论I类方法构建纯电动SUV感性意象与设计要素的关系模型,为纯电动汽车造型设计提供参考。     

基于序次Logistic回归的产品意象造型设计研究

为设计出符合消费者感性需求的产品,提出基于序次Logistic回归的产品意象造型设计方法.首先,应用KJ法和因子分析法确定产品的感性意象,使用形态分析法确定造型设计要素,在此基础上由正交试验设计法构建产品全轮廓卡片,对其感性意象进行调查.其次,通过对感性意象评价等级分布的分析,选择Probit函数作为序次Logistic回归的联接函数,建立感性意象与设计要素之间的数学模型.最后,通过测试验证了模型的有效性.文中结合办公座椅的设计进行研究,结果表明该方法是正确可行的.     

基于感性意向的电动轮椅造型设计

为使电动轮椅造型设计更加人性化,更符合老年、残疾人用户的心理需求和造型审美,以感性工学理论为基础,运用因子分析法筛选感性意象词汇,并提取设计要素;运用SD法进行调研,获取感性意象与设计要素的关系,应用数量化理论Ⅰ类方法构建电动轮椅感性意象与设计要素之间的关系模型,为电动轮椅造型设计研究提供参考。     

认知差异下的产品造型意象熵评价研究

针对产品造型意象中的认知差异,提出了应用熵理论进行评价的新方法。确定研究样本和目标意象,进行产品感性意象调查;分别构建基于用户、设计师和工程师的意象认知空间,分析三者的意象认知差异;综合意象认知权重,建立满足三者情感需求的复合意象认知空间;利用熵理论构建以复合意象认知空间为核心的产品造型意象评价模型,指导产品典型案例库的选取。以水瓶造型意象熵评价为例建立的典型案例库可有效指导产品造型设计。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.