SOA在模型管理系统中的应用研究

SOA在模型管理中应用旨在解决模型管理系统中数据集成和服务重用问题.训练模拟器开发是一个复杂系统工程,在开发过程中要产生大量的产品数据,包括结构化的和非结构化的.对这些异构的数据进行有效管理,能够为模型开发提供支持,特提出模型管理系统.为了解决开发过程中大量的异构数据的集成问题,提出基于SOA体系结构的模型管理系统.其方法是,利用SOA是一种基于Web服务的松散耦合的体系结构,为模型管理系统提供分阶段实施的策略,降低系统设计的风险,此外,采用SOA的系统结构提高数据和服务接口的可重用性.文章最后给出了基于SOA的系统实现体系结构,解决了模型管理数据集成问题.     

模型库管理系统的设计和实现*

模型库管理系统是决策支持系统的核心，其基本功能包括模型的定义、组合、存储和调用.该文介绍一个支持客户/服务器模式的模型库管理系统的设计和实现，在这个系统中，模型被视为程序模块，通过运用面向对象的方法进行组织以及对模型的远程和动态的透明调用提供支持，使实现的系统具有良好的动态可扩充性.同时,通过提供模型定义语言和模型库管理，便于决策支持系统客户软件的开发.     

产品数据管理中的工程变更管理的建模与实现

建立在产品数据管理系统基础上的工程变更管理是指管理处于预发布和发布生命周期状态的产品数据。本文在Windchill的基础上建立了面向对象的工程变更管理模型，实现了基于产品数据之间关联关系的配套更改检查，提出了变更对象间的同步机制，并给出了在某大型制造企业的应用实例。     

基于VB_Access的计量实验室管理系统

当今计算机技术飞速发展，使用计算机来对大量数据进行管理具有人工管理无法比拟的优点。该文针对计量实验室资料和数据繁多查找不便的缺点，基于VB和Access数据库开发了一套计量实验室管理系统。     

分布式通信网络管理数据仓库的构建

通信网络管理系统中积累了大量的操作型网络管理信息数据，这为数据仓库的应用创造了良好的条件。同时，为了对各级通信网络管理中心分别提供不同层次的管理决策支持，建立和维护一个分布式数据仓库环境显得非常必要。根据通信网络管理的特点和实际需求，设计了一个3级分布式通信网络管理数据仓库的结构模型，并对该模型进行了数据划分，最后研究确定了一个“自底向上”的开发策略。     

一种新型通用潜艇操纵模拟器

本文介绍我们最新研制的“SQ—1型通用潜艇操纵训练模拟器”。该模拟器除具备模拟潜艇进行操纵训练的基本功能外,另配有数据库管理环节、动画显示环节。能对潜艇的各类参数进行更改,以适应对不同潜艇艇型的模拟;能对操纵训练中的众多数据参数进行存盘、打印;能提供多种与潜艇运动有关的动画画面,非常直观形象地再现潜艇水下运动的各种情况。该模拟器是一集计算机仿真、数据库管理、计算机图形于一体的综合仿真系统。     

面向新产品开发知识联盟的知识管理系统及其应用研究*

知识联盟已经开始取代产品联盟成为新的战略联盟形式。知识管理系统有利于新产品开发知识联盟中的知识的共享、利用和扩散。本文在已有知识管理系统模型研究成果的基础上,构建了面向新产品开发知识联盟的知识管理整体框架,该框架包括决策层、流程层和系统层等三个层次,具有内容、协作、技能和定位等四个核心功能。接着提出了面向新产品开发知识联盟的知识管理系统功能结构的概念模型。最后讨论了知识管理系统在新产品开发知识联盟中的实施方法和应用策略。该系统为分散异地的联盟成员之间的知识交流和共享提供了有力的支持。     

工程飞行仿真系统中实时监控系统的开发

工程飞行仿真系统是飞机设计研制及飞行员训练过程中不可缺少的工具，而实时监控系统对于处理飞行仿真中的大量数据，提高仿真效率起着重要作用。该文根据飞行模拟器的专用要求，总结了实时监控系统的功能特点，并详细阐述了系统结构，实时监控多线程管理，监控曲线绘制模块和仿真数据处理模块的设计方案。该系统经实际应用，满足工程飞行仿真的各项技术要求。     

IC—CAD框架环境系统ICSDE／HP的数据管理模型

本文介绍了一种支持ＩＣ－ＣＡＤ软件工具开发及系统集成的集成化框架环境ＩＣＳＤＥ／ＨＰ系统的数据管理方式。通过对数据管理系统的描述，讨论了ＩＣＳＤＥ／ＨＰ系统中数据存放库的模型、库中数据存放的方式、数据的版本控制、数据的存取权限、数据的回溯及多用户设计中并行数据的管理。     

IC－CAD框架环境系统ICSDE／HP的数据管理模型

本文介绍了一种支持ＩＣ－ＣＡＤ软件工具开发及系统集成的集成化框架环境ＩＣＳＤＥ／ＨＰ系统的数据管理方式。通过对数据管理系统的描述，讨论了ＩＣＳＤＥ／ＨＰ系统中数据存放库的模型、库中数据存放的方式、数据的版本控制、数据的存取权限、数据的回溯及多用户设计中并行数据的管理。     

A Conceptual Model and Rule-Based Query Language for HTML

Most documents available over the Web conform to the HTML specification. Such documents are hierarchically structured in nature. The existing data models for the Web either fail to capture the hierarchical structure within the documents or can only provide a very low level representation of such hierarchical structure. How to represent and query HTML documents at a higher level is an important issue. In this paper, we first propose a novel conceptual model for HTML. This conceptual model has only a few simple constructs but is able to represent the complex hierarchical structure within HTML documents at a level that is close to human conceptualization/visualization of the documents. We also describe how to convert HTML documents based on this conceptual model. Using the conceptual model and conversion method, one can capture the essence (i.e., semistructure) of HTML documents in a natural and simple way. Based on this conceptual model, we then present a rule–based language to query HTML documents over the Internet. This language provides a simple but very powerful way to query both intra–document structures and inter–document structures and allows the query results to be restructured. Being rule–based, it naturally supports negation and recursion and therefore is more expressive than SQL–based languages. A logical semantics is also provided.     

一个面向电子审批系统的嵌入式工作流引擎的设计与应用

在某运输政务管理电子审批平台建设中,引入工作流技术,自主研发一个嵌入式工作流引擎。通过对其审批业务的分析,提出面向电子审批业务的工作流概念模型;在此基础上,对该工作流引擎的系统架构和数据模型作了详细设计。基于该工作流引擎的运输政务管理电子审批平台上线后,一方面运行稳定,工作流引擎作为流程控制中心有效支撑了业务运营,并对审批电子文书实现有效管理;另一方面,实现灵活的流程定制,审批内容可适时调整,大大降低了维护成本。     

Semi-automated buildup and calibration of conceptual sewer models

Building conceptual sewer models can be a time-consuming task, especially for large or complex models or models that require input data that might be difficult/tedious to obtain manually.This paper presents a semi-automated procedure for the buildup and calibration of one conceptual model that requires detailed input data such as throttle dimensions, pump curves or water level-storage relations. The procedure uses a hydrodynamic model as basis for sewer network data to create the model layout. A standardised series of composite rainfall events is applied to the hydrodynamic model in order to obtain the necessary reference data for the automated calibration of the conceptual model.Both model buildup and calibration are illustrated by means of a case study. Comparison of results of the hydrodynamic and conceptual model for a 1 year long-term series shows that the automated buildup and calibration can lead to an accurate conceptual model in short time.     

Evolution of XML schemas and documents from stereotyped UML class models: A traceable approach

Context

UML and XML are two of the most commonly used languages in software engineering processes. One of the most critical of these processes is that of model evolution and maintenance. More specifically, when an XML schema is modified, the changes should be propagated to the corresponding XML documents, which must conform with the new, modified schema.

Objective

The goal of this paper is to provide an evolution framework by which the XML schema and documents are incrementally updated according to the changes in the conceptual model (expressed as a UML class model). In this framework, we include the transformation and evolution of UML profiles specified in UML class models because they are widely used to capture domain specific semantics.

Method

We have followed a metamodeling approach which allowed us to achieve a language independent framework, not tied to the specific case of UML-XML. Besides, our proposal considers a traceability setting as a key aspect of the transformation process which allows changes to be propagated from UML class models to both XML schemas and documents.

Results

As a general framework, we propose a Generic Evolution Architecture (GEA) for the model-driven engineering context. Within this architecture and for the particular case of the UML-to-XML setting, our contribution is a UML-to-XML framework that, to our knowledge, is the only approach that incorporates the following four characteristics. Firstly, the evolution tasks are carried out in a conceptual model. Secondly, our approach includes the transformation to XML of UML profiles. Thirdly, the proposal allows stereotyped UML class models to be evolved, propagating changes to XML schemas and documents in such a way that the different elements are kept in synch. Finally, we propose a traceability setting that enables evolution tasks to be performed seamlessly.

Conclusions

Generic frameworks such as that proposed in this paper help to reduce the work overload experienced by software engineers in keeping different software artifacts synchronized.     

基于嵌套集合模型的电力文档管理系统的研究与开发

电力调度工作中需要管理大量的文档,这些文档层次分类结构变动频繁,以往所采用分类结构固定的文档信息管理系统越来越不能适应电力调度工作的需要.在研究嵌套集合模型基本结构和性质的基础上,将嵌套集合模型用于数据库中的文档层次分类结构的存储及管理,并提出了各类型文档在数据库的存储及管理方法.以此为基础的文档管理数据库作为服务器端的核心数据源,开发的基于C/S(客户端/服务器端)模式的电力文档管理系统已用于华东某地区电力调度中心,提高了管理工作的效率及水平.     

Conceptual-model-based data extraction from multiple-record Web pages

Electronically available data on the Web is exploding at an ever increasing pace. Much of this data is unstructured, which makes searching hard and traditional database querying impossible. Many Web documents, however, contain an abundance of recognizable constants that together describe the essence of a document's content. For these kinds of data-rich, multiple-record documents (e.g., advertisements, movie reviews, weather reports, travel information, sports summaries, financial statements, obituaries, and many others) we can apply a conceptual-modeling approach to extract and structure data automatically. The approach is based on an ontology – a conceptual model instance – that describes the data of interest, including relationships, lexical appearance, and context keywords. By parsing the ontology, we can automatically produce a database scheme and recognizers for constants and keywords, and then invoke routines to recognize and extract data from unstructured documents and structure it according to the generated database scheme. Experiments show that it is possible to achieve good recall and precision ratios for documents that are rich in recognizable constants and narrow in ontological breadth. Our approach is less labor-intensive than other approaches that manually or semiautomatically generate wrappers, and it is generally insensitive to changes in Web-page format.     

A neutral object data model for integrated building design and construction environment

Construction and civil engineering projects include large numbers of design elements, materials, activities, in addition to a diversity of data types and complex relationships. The need to adopt appropriate representational schemes and database technologies that can handle complex data types and relationships continue to hinder the search for solutions to an integrated design-construction environment. This paper describes a scheme that classifies and codes design information to support an integrated building design data model. The model is conceptual and based on the object-oriented paradigm. It uses concepts such as objects, attributes and different relations between objects. The main feature of the model is a set of hierarchies of design objects which have classes for describing the various aspects of design elements of a building. These classes represent elements, materials, geometry and construction activities represented by work sections. The model provides classes of data items from which the designer can select to model the various pieces of design elements and their associated work sections. Attributes provide information included in design and construction documents like drawings, specifications and bills of quantities. The model deals with a diversity of data abstracts including multimedia features like sound and video that can be stored in different design documents.     

Defining and validating metrics for assessing the understandability of entity–relationship diagrams

Database and data model evolution cause significant problems in the highly dynamic business environment that we experience these days. To support the rapidly changing data requirements of agile companies, conceptual data models, which constitute the foundation of database design, should be sufficiently flexible to be able to incorporate changes easily and smoothly. In order to understand what factors drive the maintainability of conceptual data models and to improve conceptual modelling processes, we need to be able to assess conceptual data model properties and qualities in an objective and cost-efficient manner. The scarcity of early available and thoroughly validated maintainability measurement instruments motivated us to define a set of metrics for Entity–Relationship (ER) diagrams. In this paper we show that these easily calculated and objective metrics, measuring structural properties of ER diagrams, can be used as indicators of the understandability of the diagrams. Understandability is a key factor in determining maintainability as model modifications must be preceded by a thorough understanding of the model. The validation of the metrics as early understandability indicators opens up the way for an in-depth study of how structural properties determine conceptual data model understandability. It also allows building maintenance-related prediction models that can be used in conceptual data modelling practice.     

基于语义的信息检索模型

由于查询与文档中词语的不匹配现象导致一些相关的文档不能被成功地检索出来,在信息检索的研究与实现中,这是影响检索效果的一个很关键的问题。把概念图和知网结合起来,提出对应的相关反馈算法,重新计算词项权重,利用向量空间模型和语义相似度进行语义检索,并给出了语义检索模型。实验结果显示该方法取得了良好的效果。