荆州市沙市区甲型H1N1流感流行病学调查

2009年3月以来,甲型H1N1流感在全球蔓延,成为国际关注的公共卫生事件,我国于2009年4月30日将其列入乙类传染病,并采取甲类传染病的防控措施(1).荆州市沙市区甲型H1N1流感防控工作经历了外堵输入、内防扩散,防止社区疫情暴发;及时控制和处理学校疫情暴发,及时发现与报告重症病例;开展4个批次的甲型H1N1流感疫苗接种3个阶段的工作.     

新型甲型H1N1流感的发病症状与防治措施

甲型H1N1流感为急性呼吸道传染病,其病原体是一种新型的甲型H1N1流感病毒,在人群中传播.与以往或目前的季节性流感病毒不同,该病毒毒株包含有猪流感、禽流感和人流感三种流感病毒的基因片段.人群对甲型H1N1流感病毒普遍易感,并可以人传染人,人感染甲流后的早期症状与普通流感相似,包括发热、咳嗽、喉痛、身体疼痛、头痛、发冷和疲劳等,有些还会出现腹泻或呕吐、肌肉痛或疲倦、眼睛发红等.2009年开始,甲型H1N1流感在全球范围内大规模流行.     

全球甲型H1N1流感血清学研究现况

1 前言 2009年4月中下旬,美国、墨西哥相继发现甲型H1N1流感病毒引起的急性呼吸道感染性疾病暴发,随后疫情迅速跨国、跨州进行传播,世界卫生组织(WHO)于6月15日宣布全球进入甲型H1N1流感(简称甲流)大流行阶段[1,2].     

甲型H1N1流行性感冒100例轻型临床治疗观察

甲型H1N1流感病毒属正黏病毒科(Orthomyxoviridae),甲型流感病毒属.本文通过对100例甲型H1N1流感轻症患者采取清热解毒为主的中药治疗后,临床实践证明其效果显著,治愈率高,同时还可减少奥司他玮的应用,并预防耐药病毒株的产生及传播,减少其副作用.     

甲型H1N1危重症流感患者的护理及隔离防护

2009年11月2010年3月我院发热门诊ICU收治的7例确诊甲型危重症流感患者.男4例,女3例,年龄3.5-80岁,平均39.5岁.采用卫生部颁发的第3版诊断要求:出现流感样临床表现;同时有以下一种或几种实验室检测结果:①甲型H1N1流感病毒核酸检测阳性;②分离到甲型H1N1流感病毒;③双份血清甲型H1N1流感病毒的特异性抗体水平呈4倍或4倍以上升高.合并以下情况之一者为危重病例:①呼吸衰竭;②感染中毒性休克;③多脏器功能不全;④出现其他需进行监护治疗的严重临床情况.密切监测病情变化,专人护理,集中收治,严密监测生命体征变化并及时记录,如有异常及时报告医生.     

妊娠合并甲型H1N1流感危重症的护理

我院自2009年11月-2010年3月共收治甲型H1N1流感确诊患者139例,其中孕妇9例,轻症6例,危重症3例.现将孕妇并危重症临床观察及护理体会报告如下.     

小儿甲型H1N1流感并肺炎及皮下、纵膈气肿的护理体会

总结了5例重症甲型H1N1流感并肺炎及皮下、纵膈气肿的护理体会.主要包括病情观察、氧疗、切口及皮肤护理、发热护理、饮食、消毒隔离、心理护理等7个方面,认为严密观察病情和采取及时有效的护理措施是挽救患儿生命、缩短病程、提高治愈率的重要保障.     

66例甲型H1N1流感患者的观察及护理

总结了66例甲型H1N1流感患者的临床护理经验,包括患者的隔离安置,基础护理,危重患者的危机值监测及高热、呼吸衰竭的护理,孕妇的护理,治疗用药观察及标本采集等,认为落实隔离防护措施,能有效防止交叉感染;加强基础护理,密切观察病情变化,及时发现高危患者及危重症状,做好危重患者的护理,是预防和减少并发症,提高抢救成功率,促进患者康复的重要措施.     

铜多头仍占优势

世界各国救市举措无疑加大了货币市场的流动性,全球商品价格初显见底迹象。我们有理由相信,甲型H1N1流感对全球经济以及商品价格的负面影响是暂时的。5月份铜价整体将维持在4000美元／吨上方,多头仍占据绝对优势。     

降低风险的战略选择

当前世界上有两件事情牵动人们的神经：一是世界性的金融危机尚未见底．二是甲型H1N1流感正在向全球扩散，这两件事情的前景如何，都有很大的不确定性。在世界经济形势依然严峻、中国经济仍处于困难时期的情况下，尚未走出困境的中国钢铁行业今年以来出现了钢产量的过快增长，为此，国家工业与信息产业部日前紧急颁布了“限产令”。     

Neurofibromatosis 1 in childhood

Thalidomide, originally marketed as a sedative, was introduced in West Germany in 1956 and in numerous other countries soon thereafter. In part because it did not impair coordination or respiratory function, the drug rapidly became extremely popular. By 1961, however, there were mounting reports of phocomelia and other severe congenital abnormalities associated with maternal use of thalidomide, and the drug was withdrawn from the market and its availability highly restricted. A few years later, thalidomide would find use in dermatology after it was reported that leprosy patients with erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) experienced rapid and dramatic improvement after taking the drug as a sedative. Additional data quickly confirmed thalidomide's efficacy in ENL, and today it is the drug of choice in the condition. In subsequent decades, the drug has been successfully tried in treatment of a variety of apparently unrelated dermatologic disorders. Meanwhile, thalidomide has been shown to possess a range of biologic actions, including inhibition of tumor necrosis factor alpha, possibly relevant to its clinical efficacy. Dermatologic disorders in addition to ENL in which thalidomide's effectiveness is well documented include aphthous stomatitis, discoid lupus erythematosus, actinic prurigo, Beh?et's disease, and prurigo nodularis. More recently, the drug has been employed in dermatologic conditions associated with HIV infection. When used with safeguards to prevent teratogenicity and the drug's other major adverse effect, peripheral neuropathy, thalidomide may offer a good therapeutic option for many patients in whom other drug therapies have proven inadequate.