焚烧炉燃烧过程中的控制

焚烧炉在实际运行过程中的控制条件往往与设计时有出入，只有真正理解焚烧炉的控制设计，才能在实际焚烧过程中进行优化，从而既能充分焚烧废弃物以满足环保的要求，又可以降低能耗，减少焚烧炉的运行成本。     

化工焚烧炉的燃烧过程和结构类型

介绍了化工焚烧炉的干燥过程、热分解过程和燃烧过程 ,并分析了炉排型焚烧炉、流化床焚烧炉、回转窑式焚烧炉的结构形式。     

回转式焚烧炉焚烧过程污染物的排放和影响因素控制

本文介绍回转式焚烧炉焚烧危险度物过程中产生污染物的种类和危险废物焚烧过程中的主要影响因素．危险废物焚烧过程主要影响因素包括炉温（temperature of furnace）、停留时间（residence time）、搅拌强度（intensity of agitation）和空气供给重（flow rate of air）。文章还对污染物生成特性以及污染物生成的控制措施进行探讨。     

H2S焚烧炉酸性气、空气配比燃烧的自动控制

分析了酸性气制酸工艺硫化氢与空气配比燃烧必须解决的问题,比较了不同的控制方宁对工艺所造成的影响,提出了采用先进控制解决问题的具体方案,并给出了该系统中燃烧空气扣具体计算方法。     

有机氟化工废物焚烧炉燃烧工艺及自动控制

介绍了有机氟化工废物焚烧炉工艺及自动控制系统,从焚烧理论出发,推导出了废液、废气及燃气与空气的燃烧比例计算方法,由此计算得到,1 kg废液和1 m3废气完全焚烧分别需要空气1.574 m3和2.370 m3。在实际使用过程中得到验证,并取得较好效果。     

焚烧炉耐火衬里更换过程的管理实践

针对焚烧炉的炉顶、炉壁局部耐火衬里出现开裂并脱落现象,阐述了耐火衬里材料的选用原则和施工过程控制,检修后运行效果良好。     

有机氟化工废物焚烧炉燃烧工艺及自动控制研究

文章先分析了有机氟化工废物焚烧炉燃烧工艺,随后介绍了有机氟化工废物焚烧炉燃烧自动控制分析,包括焚烧控制难点、自动控制方案设计、系统通行方案设计,希望能给相关人士提供有效参考。     

鳞板式焚烧炉提质节能改造研究

鳞板式焚烧炉具有单炉处理量大、运行成熟、可靠等优点,是目前焚烧法处理含盐废水最常用的焚烧炉。随着焚烧炉尾气排放标准日趋严格,鳞板式焚烧炉高盐废水时尾气排放易超标,且高盐废水焚烧过程容易造成二燃室和余热锅炉腐蚀堵塞,影响焚烧炉处理产能和运行成本。通过新增高温陶瓷除尘器、将原有余热锅炉更换成三烟室膜式壁锅炉、新增SCR催化脱硝装置、优化脱硫除尘工艺流程、燃烧系统改造等技术手段对鳞板式焚烧炉进行提质节能改造：焚烧炉烟气排放达到超低排放标准,氮氧化物排放<100mg/m³,硫氧化物排放<50mg/m³,颗粒物排放<10mg/m³,高盐废水处理成本<1500元/t,其中天然气消耗量<130m³/t,鳞板式焚烧炉进料量提升至1300t/月,在达到环保要求的同时,增加了企业产能,降低了能耗。     

丙烯酸废水焚烧炉控制策略

介绍丙烯酸项目中废水焚烧炉的核心控制技术,包括温度控制、燃料选择和主要安全控制策略.     

一种新型固体废物焚烧炉

本文介绍了一种新型固体废物流化床焚烧炉的工作原理及结构,并分析了该装置与传统流化床焚烧炉相比较所具有的优点     

竖炉燃烧过程智能故障预报系统

赤铁矿竖炉燃烧过程机理复杂,运行工况变化频繁,使得故障易发,从而导致生产不稳定。将案例推理和软测量技术相结合,提出一种竖炉燃烧过程的智能故障预报方法。软测量模型对难以在线测量的关键工艺参数进行实时测量,基于案例检索与重用的故障预报模型根据过程数据及关键工艺参数软测量值的变化对燃烧过程的典型故障进行趋势预报,采用概率的形式表达诊断结果,并提供操作指导,可以有效避免故障的发生。将建立的故障预报系统应用于竖炉燃烧过程的生产实际中,故障发生率明显降低,表明了方法的有效性。     

焚硫炉内燃烧过程的CFD研究

介绍了焚硫炉计算流体动力学（CFD）模型及模型建立中涉及的一些关键因素。利用CFD模型可以更好地理解焚硫炉、焚硫炉与周围管道的关系、焚硫炉对不同硫原料系统或流量的处理能力,从而为焚硫炉设计和改造提供依据。NORAM公司几项新焚硫炉设计和旧焚硫炉改造项目表明,合理使用CFD技术并选用合适的磺枪,一台与原设备尺寸相同的焚硫炉可以获得更高的产能。     

浮法玻璃熔窑火焰空间石油焦部分替代重油燃烧的数值模拟

针对浮法玻璃熔窑火焰空间建立模型并进行了数值模拟,在保证热值相同的前提下,对比研究了重油燃烧及将石油焦部分替代重油燃烧时的流场分布特征。结果表明,石油焦部分代替重油燃烧后,两种燃料可很好地混合燃烧,窑炉内温度制度基本不受影响;石油焦着火时间比重油长,两种燃料混合燃烧时平均着火点滞后于仅使用重油时,且燃烧路径更长,燃烧时产生了大量CO,整个火焰空间及烟气出口处NOx的平均排放量与仅使用重油相比降低了30.02%,NOx减排效果明显。     

Computational study of the combustion process and NO formation in a small-scale wood pellet furnace

This paper presents a computational study of the combustion process of wood pellets in a small-scale grate fired furnace. The objectives were to obtain detailed information on the combustion characteristics and NO formation in the furnace, and to examine the effect of secondary air on the combustion process. The simulation results were compared with experimental data in terms of flame temperature and distributions of species concentrations, including CO and NO. It was shown that the combustion process is strongly controlled by the inflow turbulence from the secondary and tertiary air jets. The combustion process is not sensitive to the bed combustion process in the present test case. The high speed air flow from the secondary and tertiary air inlets ‘destroys’ the history of the effluent volatile gases from the fuel bed. Different paths for the NO emission were investigated, including the thermal NO, the fuel-NO and NO from the N₂O intermediate mechanisms. The fuel-NO path is responsible for the rapid NO increase and the high NO peak near the fuel bed. Fuel-NO is rather low far downstream owing to the rather low nitrogen content in the fuel (less than 0.1% on mass basis), and the de-NO_x reactions with NH₃. NO is likely formed from the N₂O intermediate mechanism far downstream.     

热媒炉燃烧控制的优化

介绍了最佳燃烧效率点的确定方法,利用检测烟气氧含量来分析过程燃烧工况,并对燃烧参数进行调整。对燃烧效率和节能效果进行了计算。通过热媒炉燃烧控制的优化,达到了节约能源、减少环境污染,降低燃炉故障率,延长相关设备使用寿命的目的。     

Modelling the combustion of pulverized biomass in an industrial combustion test furnace

A CFD model that simulates the combustion of biomass in existing pf coal fired furnaces has been developed and model results for the combustion of a typical wood in a 1 MW industrial test facility have been presented. The model is primarily based on coal combustion submodels using an Eulerian–Lagrangian frame of reference. Biomass specific constants that define the submodels have been investigated and employed in the simulation. In particular, potassium release during biomass combustion and the formation of NO_x have been simulated. Numerical predictions have been compared with some experimental measurements that have been taken and reasonably good agreement has been achieved.     

Analysis and optimization of municipal solid waste combustion in a reciprocating incinerator

A mathematical model is presented for the combustion of municipal solid waste in a reciprocating incinerator. The most preferable incinerator is determined by detailed simulation and analysis of different incinerator shapes. Furthermore, the optimal design and operating parameters are obtained by analyzing the injection angle and velocity of the secondary air. Both the results of numerical simulation and practical operation show favorable combustion state, low contaminants emission, and suitability for the combustion characteristics of Chinese municipal waste and the treating requirements. This study provides an important reference for the optimizing design and operation of municipal solid waste incinerator.     

炉膛内燃烧振荡的实验

对锅炉炉膛内燃烧振荡现象进行了实验研究.结果表明,炉膛内烟气脉动强度与风机气流脉动、燃料空气比等外界扰动有关,且成比例增大;气流脉动频率主要集中在10 Hz以下,属低频振荡.实验证明当锅炉实测雷诺数值大于某临界值时即会发生燃烧振荡,由此提出了表征燃烧稳定特性的准则(临界雷诺数Recr),并给出了临界雷诺数的表达式.增大临界雷诺数可提高燃烧稳定性,从而消除或削弱燃烧振荡现象发生,该结论可供今后锅炉或炉窑燃烧室设计时参考.     

Three-dimensional simulation of combustion processes in coke-battery furnace chambers

A three-dimensional model of the heating wall in a coke battery is developed by means of the Fluent CFD program. The results of simulation are in satisfactory agreement with experimental data. The mathematical model permits the maintenance of more uniform heating over the height, width, and length of the coke bed by regulating the combustion conditions. The model may also be used in modifying the heating-wall design in the coke furnace, boosting coke strength, reducing energy and fuel consumption, and reducing emissions.     

玻璃熔窑采用天然气燃烧的问题探讨

1 前 言 随着国家能源结构的调整,我国天然气产量在不断增加。天然气作为一种清洁、高效的能源,在各领域都得到了充分的发展和利用。随着天然气价格的不断下调,玻璃工业将会越来越广泛地使用天然气。本文主要探讨玻璃熔窑天然气燃烧的有关问题。