在线修正的人脸姿态跟踪算法及交互应用

针对人脸在跟踪过程中可能存在大幅度的倾斜、旋转、遮挡以及肤色干扰等问题,提出一种基于在线修正的人脸跟踪算法.该算法当人脸检测失效时,人脸跟踪模块将用于提取目标参数;而在人脸跟踪过程中,为减小由连续跟踪造成的累积误差,利用人脸实时检测机制新检测到的人脸目标参数来修正跟踪模块的参数,包括跟踪窗口的位置和尺度,从而利用了人脸检测和人脸跟踪各自的优点.通过实验,其结果表明,该算法能够精确地跟踪复杂姿态下的人脸目标,并且能够解决肤色干扰和遮挡的问题,具有很好的适应性和鲁棒性.另外,将在线修正的跟踪方法应用于娱乐游戏控制,为人机交互提供了新的方式.     

一种基于TLD的顾客进店实时检测算法

结合人脸检测算法和跟踪学习检测算法(Tracking Learning Detection,TLD)完成多个人脸的检测跟踪,用来实现对汽车4S店顾客的实时进店检测。由于采集图像序列帧率低,导致帧间人脸姿态变化大,容易出现目标丢失现象。本文采用Kalman滤波和最邻近数据关联方法,提出一种改进的基于TLD的顾客进店实时检测算法,有效改善了目标短暂丢失现象,增强了算法的鲁棒性。实验证明,该算法具有抵抗光线变化、小范围形变和短暂遮挡的优点,能够解决复杂环境中的实际问题。     

基于SURF特征点的多人脸跟踪方法研究

针对视频序列中多目标人脸跟踪问题,提出一种基于SURF(Speed-Up Robust Features)特征和KLT(Kanade-Lucas-Tomasi)匹配算法相结合的特征点跟踪方法。通过融合该方法,创新性地设计了一种多人脸跟踪系统框架,在目标出现明显的姿态、尺寸变化,或者遭遇局部遮挡、光照不充分等复杂环境干扰下,能够实现对目标人脸稳定跟踪。通过多组实验数据的对比,证明了该跟踪方法比Mean shift算法、传统KLT算法具有更好的鲁棒性,能获得更精确的运动信息;验证了多人脸跟踪系统能够在复杂环境下实现对多人脸的有效跟踪。     

一种结合肤色特征的人脸跟踪算法

将CAMSHIFT算法用于人脸跟踪时,当跟踪目标被其它人脸遮挡时会发生跟踪失败,针对这一不足,提出一种结合肤色区域特征的连续自适应均值移动算法(SCCAMSHIFT):提取目标的肤色区域作为已知特征,通过跟踪窗口的变化来判断遮挡的发生,并在遮挡发生后利用已知特征来寻找丢失的目标.实验结果表明,SCCAMSHIFT算法能够较好的解决跟踪过程中类肤色物体的遮挡问题.     

基于双感兴趣区域判定和速度信息融合的CamShift目标跟踪算法

针对连续自适应均值偏移(CamShift)算法易受相似色的影响,从而导致跟踪发散和跟踪目标丢失后无法重新获取的现象,提出了一种基于双感兴趣区域(ROI)判定并融入速度信息的CamShift运动目标跟踪方法.算法的基本思想是将单个ROI划分为两个了ROI,其中一个为主跟踪区域,另一个为辅助跟踪区域,采用两个独立的跟踪器分别对其进行跟踪,通过两个跟踪器在跟踪中的协调解决了相似色干扰问题,增强了跟踪算法的鲁棒性,同时,将目标的速度信息引入跟踪算法.实验结果表明,即使受到相似色于扰和遮挡,这种改进后的CamShift算法仍然能够保持对目标的有效跟踪.     

基于Adaboost和Camshift的人脸检测

Adaboost算法具有很好的实时性,但是也存在检测过程中鲁棒性不强,遇到遮挡问题检测失效等问题。针对这些问题,提出了基于改进Adaboost的人脸检测算法,该算法结合了Camshift人脸跟踪算法并改进了原算法中的颜色直方图模型。以实际人脸检测与跟踪实验为例,证明了该算法在人脸自动检测跟踪过程中具有速度快、准确度高,能有效克服检测过程中遮挡以及类肤色干扰问题等。     

基于Camshift的人脸跟踪算法

Camshift跟踪算法具有很好的实时性,但是也存在不能实现自动跟踪,跟踪过程中鲁棒性不强,遇到遮挡问题跟踪失效,只能进行单人脸跟踪等问题.针对这些问题,提出了基于改进Camshift的人脸跟踪算法,该算法结合了Adaboost人脸检测算法并改进了原算法中的颜色直方图模型.以实际人脸检测与跟踪实验为例,证明了该算法在人脸自动检测跟踪过程中具有速度快、准确度高,同时可以跟踪多个人脸,能有效克服跟踪过程中遮挡问题等.     

基于全景摄像头的柱面展开及实时目标跟踪

传统摄像头在获取大范围复杂场景中的感兴趣目标时,容易出现目标物体丢失或遮挡等问题。为此,提出一种基于全景摄像头的柱面展开及运动目标实时跟踪算法。通过改进的柱面展开算法对360。摄像头获取的全景图像进行还原展开,解决全景图像中的成像扭曲问题。利用CamShift和Kalman预测相结合的算法跟踪运动目标。实验结果表明,在运动目标存在遮挡、短暂消失或同色物体干扰的情况下,该方法能实现对全景范围复杂环境中运动目标实时鲁棒的跟踪。     

基于mean-shift算法的人脸实时跟踪方法*

复杂环境下实时人脸跟踪方法在视觉监控系统中具有很重要的意义,但目前的跟踪算法普遍存在目标遮挡、尺寸变化等过于敏感的不足,限制了其应用范围。提出了一种人脸检测、mean-shift算法与卡尔曼滤波器相结合的实时全自动人脸跟踪算法。实验结果表明该算法实时性很强,可以实现对运动人脸的快速跟踪,同时对目标遮挡也有很好的鲁棒性。     

基于mean-shift算法的人脸实时跟踪方法*

复杂环境下实时人脸跟踪方法在视觉监控系统中具有很重要的意义,但目前的跟踪算法普遍存在目标遮挡、尺寸变化等过于敏感的不足,限制了其应用范围。提出了一种人脸检测、mean-shift算法与卡尔曼滤波器相结合的实时全自动人脸跟踪算法。实验结果表明该算法实时性很强,可以实现对运动人脸的快速跟踪,同时对目标遮挡也有很好的鲁棒性。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。