智能车辆的道路检测及其应用

道路检测是智能车辆环境感知的主要内容,也是实现自动驾驶的基础.由于交通道路环境多样、复杂,车道检测存在许多挑战.本文总结了相关工作,以缩微智能车辆验证平台为例,从车道检测系统的嵌入式平台构建、典型车道线检测算法分析、车道预警应用等方面入手,分析了典型道路检测技术实现,可作为智能车辆相关功能实现的技术参考.     

基于IPC的智能移动机器人控制系统

为了研究移动机器人智能控制的方法和理论，依据其感知－规划－执行的体系结构，建立了基于工业控制计算机（IPC）和多种传感器信息的智能移动机器人试验平台，主要介绍了由多种传感器组成的环境感知系统及各种传感器的功能，使移动机器人具有自主决策能力的中心控制计算机软硬件系统及其特点以及实现移动机器人准确灵活移动的驱动方法。     

智能传感器技术综述

在介绍智能传感器基本结构的基础上,分析了智能传感器的基本功能。从智能传感器功能构成的角度详尽地阐述了智能传感器的信号感知与调理技术、实现"感知"与"认知"功能的信号处理技术以及通信技术的发展现状,并从这3个方面展望了智能传感器的发展前景。     

基于Java3D的虚拟环境中智能体视觉传感器设计

提出用Java3D实现虚拟视觉传感器的技术,设计出一个虚拟相机类VirtualCamera,它所表示的虚拟视觉传感器可安装在用Java3D所创建的虚拟环境中的任意物体上.将该虚拟相机类生成的视觉传感器装到作者用Java3D研制的驾驶仿真系统中的环境车辆上进行了验证.结果表明各环境车能按机器视觉方式采集道路环境的图像,为环境车辆按计算机视觉原理认知道路环境并进行行驶控制奠定了基础,进而可使驾驶仿真系统能用于对物理智能车辆对道路环境的感知与行驶决策进行仿真、设计与评价.     

一种可用于危险品运输的智能车载终端设计与实现

设计了一种针对危险品运输车辆的智能车载终端,在STM32平台上实现车辆定位、车况监控、自动报警等功能,具有友好的人机交互界面.文章简要介绍系统的硬件结构,详述了车载终端软件系统驱动层和应用层的实现过程,对设定加速度传感器中断阈值做了从理论到实际的具体说明,并通过自主搭建的实验平台加以验证.该车载终端智能化程度高,具有较好的实际应用价值,尤其适用于危险品运输车辆的追踪监控管理需求.     

多传感器信息融合技术在机器人中的应用研究

随着智能机器人应用领域发展需求，移动机器人控制系统中使用的传感器种类和数量不断增多，但每种传感器都有一定的使用条件和感知范围，只能给出环境或对象的部分信息，机器人通过多传感器信息融合技术多视角完成信息处理及综合，实现其智能感知与智能控制功能。     

多信息融合技术的城市交通监控系统的研究

将车辆检测器、射频技术以及计算机图像处理技术应用于城市交通监控系统,形成智能交通的一个子系统.介绍了三种传感器的信息处理和融合技术,能实现交通流量统计、智能交通调控、自动违章处理、车辆跟踪处理、交通实时查询以及车辆统计等功能,解决城市交通管理中的一系列经典难题.     

轨道交通车辆智能检修系统设计研究

本文详细介绍了轨道交通车辆检修系统的设计方案,将牵引电机检修子系统等功能程序集成在服务器中,并在此基础上充分运用来自前端传感器设备所提供的大前端维修数据,实现云端数据分析,进而形成一套传感器和Web服务器技术的轨道交通车辆智能检修系统.     

基于多源信息融合的智能汽车环境感知技术分析

文章探讨了智能汽车环境感知功能的实现,分析多源信息融合技术在其中的应用。介绍了多元信息融合技术和智能汽车环境感知技术,从多源信息融合预处理和多源信息检测识别两方面,阐述多源信息融合在智能汽车环境感知中的应用,完善了汽车环境感知系统功能,以期能够推动我国汽车行业的智能化发展。     

一种新型的嵌入式智能图像传感器设计

提出并设计一种新型的嵌入式智能图像传感器,该传感器具备一定的室外场景(主要为道路和公共场所)状态感知能力,适用于分布式智能视频监控系统.本文采用基于统计学习的方法实现了运动前景图像检测和阴影消除,并在此基础上完成运动目标行为分析,实现了关键区域保护、监控目标移动检测以及镜头遮挡保护等智能视频监控功能.本文所设计的视觉分析算法适用于复杂的室外环境,适合于实时计算.在算法的实现中充分利用了该嵌入式智能图像传感器硬件设计的优点,在实验中取得了良好的效果.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.