煤灰助熔剂对灰熔点影响的研究

采用ＣａＯ，Ｆｅ２Ｏ３以及石灰石，硫酸渣助熔剂按不同比例与煤灰混全，对助熔剂对煤灰熔点的影响进行试验研究。结果表明，在还原性气氛一，添加适量ＣａＯ和Ｆｅ２Ｏ３可使煤灰熔点下降，当ＣａＯ添加率超过４０％时反使灰熔点急剧上升；石灰石，硫酸渣中起助熔作用的成分是其中ＣａＯ和Ｆｅ２Ｏ３，其助熔行为与分析纯ＣａＯ和Ｆｅ２Ｏ３基本一致。     

煤灰助熔剂对灰熔点影响的研究

采用ＣａＯ，Ｆｅ２Ｏ３以及石灰石、硫酸渣助熔剂按不同比例与煤灰混合，对助熔剂对煤灰熔点的影响进行试验研究．结果表明，在还原性气氛下，添加适量ＣａＯ和Ｆｅ２Ｏ３可使煤灰熔点下降，当ＣａＯ添加率超过４０％时反使灰熔点急剧上升；石灰石、硫酸渣中起助熔作用的成分是其中的ＣａＯ和Ｆｅ２Ｏ３，其助熔行为与分析纯ＣａＯ和Ｆｅ２Ｏ３基本一致．     

氧化钛对硅酸二钙形成的影响

目的研究氧化钛对硅酸二钙（C2S）形成的影响，解决含钛尾矿硫铝酸盐水泥生产的问题．方法利用热分析、粒度分析、f—CaO和XRD分析研究氧化钛对硅酸二钙矿物相形成的影响．结果随着TiO2掺入量增加，TiO2有明显的矿化作用和降低钙硅体系低共熔点的助熔作用，TiO2对β-C2S的稳定有一定的作用；在有SO3的情况下，TiO2对β-G2S的稳定作用更明显．结论氧化钛具有促进C2S生成的矿化作用，同时还有降低钙硅体系低共熔点，生成较多液相的助熔作用；在有SO3的情况下，氧化钛对β-C2S的稳定作用更加明显，为利用含钛尾矿生产低钙水泥提供了科学依据．     

助熔油氧喷枪分析计算

喷枪是电弧炉助熔系统中的重要设备,本文对太原钢厂50t电炉油氧助熔系统所设计的喷枪进行了分析,对喷枪有关主要几尺寸进行了计算。     

低温卫生瓷用锆磷质生料乳浊釉的研制

本文应用二次回归正交设计方法编制试验计划,初步研制成功能用于低温卫生瓷烧成的锆磷质生料乳浊釉,其烧成温度为1140～1200℃,釉面白度可达76～79。经OM、EM、EDAX和x衍射分析表明,釉的乳浊粒子主要是细分散的残留锆英石和均匀分布于釉玻璃基中的分相液滴,另外还含有一定量的钙长石、氟磷灰石和再结晶锆英石晶体;残留锆英石的粒径绝大部分小于3μm;分相液滴的成份主要有(1)富 Ca~(2+)、P~(5+),(2)富 Ca~(2+)、Al~(8+)而同时都贫 Si~(4+)、Zr~(4+)两种,分相液滴主要以0.1～0.8μm 的球形小滴和由数个球形小滴部分连通形成的低聚体形式存在;骨灰和氟硅酸钠明显地促进釉的分相,使釉乳浊度提高;骨灰显著地缩小釉的烧成温度范围,氟硅酸钠则有强烈的助熔作用。     

基于PLC的油氧助熔控制系统的抗干扰设计

针对某钢厂新建５０ｔ油氧助熔电弧炉炼钢系统,简要介绍了基于西门子Ｓ７－３００型ＰＬＣ的油氧助熔自动控制系统的设计及组成,并着重阐述了该控制系统中ＰＬＣ的抗干扰技术。     

添加剂在平板玻璃节能中的应用研究

平板玻璃的高能耗主要表现在玻璃的熔制过程,在配合料中引入适量添加剂,能起到助熔、节能和加强澄清等作用。分别以Li2O和CeO2为例,研究了添加剂对平板玻璃熔制过程的影响。实验表明:在平板玻璃的熔制、成形过程中,通过引入适量的添加剂可以实现降低熔制温度、加速澄清、改善玻璃性能等功能。可见,添加剂在平板玻璃熔制、成形过程中具有很大的潜在应用空间,有利于促进平板玻璃行业实现节能降耗、节约成本、提高成品率。     

硼酸锌合成新工艺

以硼酸、氧化锌为原料在催化剂作用下合成硼酸锌,产品收率及质量指标得到显著提高。     

阻燃沥青的研制

选用辽河AH-70号高等级道路沥青作为基质沥青,采用添加阻燃剂的方法制得了阻燃沥青。通过氧指数和水平燃烧系统地考察了十溴联苯醚、三氧化二锑、硼酸锌和氢氧化镁阻燃剂对沥青的阻燃效果,它们之间的协同效应,以及沥青在氢氧化铝、复合抑烟剂作用下的抑烟性能。结果表明,十溴联苯醚、三氧化二锑、硼酸锌和氢氧化镁分别对沥青具有一定的阻燃作用,其中,十溴联苯醚在这4种阻燃剂中阻燃效果优于硼酸锌、氢氧化镁和三氧化二锑,但其发烟量明显比其它阻燃剂大,三氧化二锑与十溴联苯醚之间存在着良好的协同效应,氢氧化铝和复合抑烟剂不但对沥青具有一定阻燃作用而且还有良好的抑烟作用。当它们按一定比例存在于共混体系中时,阻燃抑烟效果最佳,共混物的氧指数达到36.5%,水平燃烧达到I级难燃,发烟量较少。     

硅酸盐水泥熟料烧成范围的研究及其应用

本文综合生料的易烧性和易熔性,明确地提出了烧成范围的定义。并对一系列因素对烧成范围的影响进行了研究。运用数理统计方法得到影响烧成范围各因素的主次关系为:SM、CaF_2、KH、SO_3、IM、R_2O、R。特别是运用二次回归正交试验法建立了能够计算和设计某一物料的烧成范围所必需的二次回归方程。并且进一步运用该方程讨论了实际生产中长期以来凭经验决定的复合矿化剂的最佳掺量和目前两种典型配料方案中 KH 值的选择问题。所得结论对于指导生料配比及确定复合矿化剂中 CaF_2的最佳掺量具有重要意义。     

Influence of flux treatment on the glass forming ability of Pd-Si binary alloys

Pd81Si19 amorphous alloys were prepared by combination methods of melt spinning and B2O3 flux treatment. A compari- son between the ribbons prepared from the fluxed ingots and the non-fluxed ones has been carried out. The result reveals that after fluxing treatment the glass transition temperature of the as-prepared glassy ribbons is reduced while the initial crystallization tem- perature is enhanced. It results in that the supercooled liquid region (defined as the difference between the initial crystallization tem- perature and the glass transition temperature) of the glassy alloy treated with fluxing technology has been increased from 31 to 42 K. This shows that fluxing technique can enhance the glass forming ability (GFA) of the binary alloy and improve the thermal stability of supercooled liquid of the glassy alloy.     

烧胀助剂对高强粉煤灰陶粒性能的影响

在粉煤灰中掺入不同比例的助胀剂和助熔剂,利用可控武电热炉对高强粉煤灰烧胀陶粒进行了试验研究。结果表明:在焙烧温度为1250～1280℃,焙烧时间为25～30 min时,随着助胀剂掺量的增加,粉煤灰烧胀陶粒的体积密度、表观密度和24 h吸水率逐渐减小;助熔剂掺入后可显著提高陶粒的颗粒强度,降低其吸水率,改善陶粒内部的孔形结构;易烧系数与粉煤灰陶粒的孔隙率、颗粒强度呈较好的线性关系。     

Influence of flux treatment on the glass forming ability of Pd-Si binary alloys

Pd₈₁Si₁₉ amorphous alloys were prepared by combination methods of melt spinning and B₂O₃ flux treatment. A comparison between the ribbons prepared from the fluxed ingots and the non-fluxed ones has been carried out. The result reveals that after fluxing treatment the glass transition temperature of the as-prepared glassy ribbons is reduced while the initial crystallization temperature is enhanced. It results in that the supercooled liquid region (defined as the difference between the initial crystallization temperature and the glass transition temperature) of the glassy alloy treated with fluxing technology has been increased from 31 to 42 K. This shows that fluxing technique can enhance the glass forming ability (GFA) of the binary alloy and improve the thermal stability of supercooled liquid of the glassy alloy.     

Fluxing Agents on Ceramification of Composites of MgO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2/Boron Phenolic Resin

Fluxing agents of zinc borate, antimony oxide, galss frit A and glass frit B, with different melting or softening point temperatures, were added into MgO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2/boron phenol formaldehyde resin(MAS/BPF) composites to lower the formation temperature of eutectic liquid phase and promote the ceramification of ceramifiable composites. The effects of fluxing agents on the thermogravimetric properties, phase evolution, and microstructure evolution of MAS/BPF composites were characterized by TG-DSC, XRD and SEM analyses. The results reveal that the addition of a fluxing agent highly reduces the decomposition rate of MAS/BPF composites. Fluxing agents lower the formation temperatures of liquid phases of ceramifiable MAS/BPF composites obviously, and then promote the ceramification and densification process. The final residues of composites are ceramic surrounded by large amount of glass phases.     

Fluxing Agents on Ceramification of Composites of MgO-Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript>-SiO<Subscript>2</Subscript>/Boron Phenolic Resin

Fluxing agents of zinc borate, antimony oxide, galss frit A and glass frit B, with different melting or softening point temperatures, were added into MgO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂/boron phenol formaldehyde resin (MAS/BPF) composites to lower the formation temperature of eutectic liquid phase and promote the ceramification of ceramifiable composites. The effects of fluxing agents on the thermogravimetric properties, phase evolution, and microstructure evolution of MAS / BPF composites were characterized by TG-DSC, XRD and SEM analyses. The results reveal that the addition of a fluxing agent highly reduces the decomposition rate of MAS / BPF composites. Fluxing agents lower the formation temperatures of liquid phases of ceramifiable MAS / BPF composites obviously, and then promote the ceramification and densification process. The final residues of composites are ceramic surrounded by large amount of glass phases.     

Melting reconstruction features and solidification mechanism of heavy metal-containing slag

The relationships between microstructure and melting temperature of slag containing different heavy metals(Zn, Cu, Pb and Cr) were studied. Furthermore, the corresponding solidification mechanism and rule of heavy metals were analyzed by microscopic tests during melting and reconstructing process. Based on preliminary results, three conclusions were derived. Firstly, pure slag would begin to melt when the temperature reached 1 180 ℃; however, Zn did not play any fluxing action. Secondly, upon adding Cu and Pb, the initial melting temperature of slag decreased by 5-8 ℃ and their fluxing effect was observed. Thirdly, the initial melting temperature and the reaction time for slag decreased by 22 ℃ and 6 s respectively after adding Cr; the fluxing action was significant under Cr. The results of X-ray diffraction(XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscope(FTIR) analyses showed that the above heavy metals had little influence on the reconstruction of slag. Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure(TCLP) leaching tests showed a good solidification effect of the heavy metals with melting slag, fixation rate of Zn, Cu, Pb and Cr was 36.3%, 24.6%, 9.2% and 93.2%, respectively. The leaching toxicity of the heavy metals met the requirements for environmental emission after solidification treatment.     

烧成温度与导电陶瓷电性能关系的研究

本文通过X—射线衍射分析及阻温特性别定等方法研究了SnO2导电陶瓷的晶相组成和电性能与烧成温度的关系。结果表明，随烧成温度提高试样中SnO2金红石型晶体的含量有所增加，试样的材料常数和活化能降低，材料导电性能增强，同时还对导电陶瓷的导电机理进行了探讨。     

陶瓷微滤膜微生物污染的实验研究

在陶瓷微滤膜过滤过程中,微生物以及其胞外聚合物在膜表面和孔道内的滋生和黏附造成二次污染,严重影响了陶瓷膜的使用效果及使用寿命。文章通过实验研究了受污染陶瓷膜的微生物污染情况。结果表明,陶瓷膜运行过程中,膜通量下降为初始计通量的40%左右停止使用,需进行反冲洗,陶瓷膜停止使用7 d以上未进行冲洗的无法直接使用,需进行进一步处理;膜通量衰减速度随温度升高而升高,夏季要明显快于冬季,在温度为15℃以下的冬季使用,受污染膜表面的微生物生长不明显,陶瓷膜可连续间歇运行,无需过多地冲洗;腐殖酸能够为滋生的微生物提供生长、繁殖的条件,是引起微生物污染的主要成分;投加适量的次氯酸钠,可有效提高膜通量,是控制膜管微生物污染的有效方法。     

拜耳法赤泥制备多孔陶瓷滤球的试验

目的 利用拜耳法赤泥制备多孔陶瓷滤球,研究其对水溶液中重金属离子的吸附效果,为工业滤料的制备提供参考依据.方法 通过对多孔陶瓷滤球的气孔率、密度、吸附量等的测定,结合多孔陶瓷滤球的显微结构测试,分析赤泥的添加量、陶瓷滤球的烧成制度以及成孔剂的选择对陶瓷滤球性能的影响.结果 赤泥添加量为80%、烧成温度1080℃时,样品的气孔率为43.74%,吸水率为35.02%,密度为0.949 kg/m3,吸附Cr2O2-7量可达9.45 mg/g,气孔分布均匀,呈三维连通状,可以满足用作污水处理过滤介质的要求,添加木屑和煤粉的陶瓷滤球气孔率优于添加碳酸钙的陶瓷滤球.结论 赤泥添加量和烧结温度制度是影响多孔陶瓷滤球结构和性能的主要原因,二者对样品的各项性能产生交互式影响.     

助熔剂种类与配比对高磷铁水脱磷渣高温性能的影响

分别以CaF2和B2O3为助熔剂,在实验室条件下研究了助熔剂种类与配比对脱磷渣熔点的影响,并测定了脱磷渣在不同温度下的黏度值。结果表明,以CaF2为助熔剂时,在保证脱磷渣熔点较低和流动性较好的同时,为了减轻设备腐蚀和环境污染程度,脱磷渣中CaF2与CaO的质量分数比值以0.50为最佳;以B2O3作为助熔剂时,只有当脱磷渣中B2O3与CaO的质量分数比值达到0.16时,助熔效果才比较明显。