共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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架空天然气管道泄漏扩散过程特性分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在天然气管道集输过程中,由于管道老化、腐蚀等因素引起的泄漏事故时有发生,会引起穿孔泄漏后的天然气扩散,可能会引发火灾、中毒或爆炸。因此,进行架空天然气管道泄漏扩散过程的影响因素模拟研究及分析,对天然气管道输送安全运营和保障人生财产安全意义重大。文章建立了架空天然气管道在迎风坡和背风坡处发生泄漏扩散过程的物理模型,并利用CFD软件对架空天然气管道泄漏后的甲烷气体扩散过程进行了数值模拟。结果表明:泄漏的甲烷气体扩散范围和速度非常大,在泄漏时间300S时泄漏距离已经达到40m,并在40m处形成高浓度的甲烷气团;泄漏点在背风坡时,山坡附近形成高浓度甲烷气团。 相似文献
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利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜等测试手段,从材料成分、断口形貌等角度,分析了某别墅区天然气管道泄漏失效的原因.结果表明,管子安装环节出现问题,使管子早期变形损伤,而浇注水泥层整体热变形使管子发生了疲劳裂纹扩展直至泄漏. 相似文献
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管道输送石油天然气,具有高效、低耗、连续输送和自动化程度高等优势,成为当前物流的重要形式之一和国民经济和社会发展不可缺少的“生命线”。但因其具有高能高压、易燃易爆、有毒有害、连续作业、链长面广、环境复杂等特点,决定了其安全管理的极其重要性。现在天然气管道的破坏严重的影响了天然气的正常的工作运输。本文主要分析天然气管道会出现的常见问题,一些必须遵守的规章制度。 相似文献
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天然气管道发生泄漏将造成重大经济损失和环境污染,严重危害泄漏点附近的人民的生命财产安全。因此,在天然气管道发生泄漏后及时准确的检测出泄漏点,以及研究天然气在不同介质中的扩散模型具有重大意义。概述了近年来在天然气管道泄漏方面的多项研究现状;其中最主要的方面在于利用CFD软件结合扩散模型对管道泄漏进行仿真研究。 相似文献
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高含硫天然气管道经长期的内外腐蚀,经常发生泄漏事故.为了减少和降低天然气管道泄漏事故对人的危害,对甲烷及硫化氢的扩散规律进行研究日趋重要.利用计算流体力学的方法,采用仿真软件对高含硫天然气架空及埋地管道穿孔泄漏后的甲烷、硫化氢气体的扩散进行了数值模拟.架空管道泄漏初期为体积分数等值线呈对称分布的射流,泄漏至60s后无爆... 相似文献
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天然气输送管道破裂泄漏量计算 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
天然气输送管道泄漏量的计算,是一个比较复杂的问题。现有的计算模型只能考虑小孔泄漏和管道完全破裂泄漏这两种极端情况;本文借助于流体力学和热力学理论,从质量守恒、能量守恒以及状态方程等四方面入手,建立一种能够将现有的“小孔模型”和“管道模型”关联起来的普遍化计算模型。本模型是对现有计算模型的完善与补充。 相似文献
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低温LNG管道热力安全泄压阀泄放过程研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用HYSYS流程模拟软件对低温LNG管道热力安全泄压阀泄放过程进行了热力学分析,论述了整个泄放过程中热力安全泄压阀进出口相态变化和泄放量变化情况,并结合实例定量分析了热力安全泄压阀的设计工况,旨在为工程上热力安全泄压阀的准确选型提供一种较为完整的程序和方法。 相似文献
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由于天然气管道输送的工作效率高、安全系数较小、容易制造,在天然气生产现场、运输工作中得到广泛运用。而在天然气长输过程中运用自动化技术,可有效全面提升管道运输的效率与质量。通过对我当前天然气管道输送中自动化技术运用的现状分析,阐述天然气运输过程中运用自动化技术的应用基础,对促进自动化技术的发展提出相关策略。 相似文献
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AbstractVacuum drying is one of the most effective methods to protect submarine natural gas pipes from blockage caused by hydrate and internal corrosion. This article presents a model for analyzing the mass, momentum, and energy transfer processes in pipeline drying with vacuum drying method. Model of the evaporation rate of liquid water is derived from Hertz–Knudsen–Schrage equation. Finite volume method is employed to discretize the governing equations with an upwind implicit scheme in present work, and 2nd order upwind scheme for energy equation is adopted to weaken numerical dissipation. Non-linear algebraic equations after discretization are solved by Newton-Raphson method. Reliability and accuracy of this model are validated via three experimental cases. Numerical results coincide well with the experimental data, and the relative errors of the calculated drying time are 1.7% in Case 1, 1.2% in Case 2, and 5.5% in Case 3. Finally, the dynamic characteristics of the vacuum drying process are analyzed such as dynamic distributions of pressure, temperature, mass flow rate, and liquid holdup. Mathematical model and algorithm developed in present work provide understanding and insights of the vacuum drying process, which aids in determining cost-effective pipeline drying scheme. 相似文献
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石油天然气管道中硫垢的化学清洗 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用最新研究的 ST 系列硫垢清洗剂,对大庆油田石油三厂天然气热交换器中的硫垢进行化学清洗。清洗结果表明,该清洗剂具有较好的清洗效果,硫垢去除率达96%以上,对管道无任何腐蚀。 相似文献
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输气管道干线气液联动阀根据检测管道压降速率、持续时间判断管道是否发生泄漏和自动关断阀门。该方法难以识别小孔泄漏等压降速率低于关断阈值的事故工况和压缩机抽吸等正常运行工况。以相国寺储气库集注干线为对象,通过仿真获得与管道泄漏、压缩机抽吸及截断阀紧急截断3种工况相关的压降速率信号,基于支持向量机建立了管道泄漏信号识别模型。提出混沌映射与自适应惯性权重的教与学优化算法,获得了模型中惩罚因子C和核函数参数g的最优值。利用相国寺储气库铜相线600组数据验证表明,优化后的模型:(1)对3种工况识别准确率为98.5%,较优化前提升了4.2%;(2)对于当量直径为50~125mm的小孔泄漏识别准确率为100%,提升了对小孔泄漏信号识别的准确性;(3)对压缩机抽吸和截断阀紧急截断工况识别的准确率分别为96.7%和100%;(4)当泄漏孔径小于50mm、压降速率小于0.01MPa/min时,阀室检测到的压降速率信号特征相近,此时建议使用气液联动阀与SCADA系统监测数据综合判断。 相似文献
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F. Tabkhi L. Pibouleau G. Hernandez‐Rodriguez C. Azzaro‐Pantel S. Domenech 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2010,56(4):946-964
As the gas industry has developed, gas pipeline networks have evolved over decades into very complex systems. A typical network today might consist of thousands of pipes, dozens of stations, and many other devices, such as valves and regulators. Inside each station, there can be several groups of compressor units of various vintages that were installed as the capacity of the system expanded. The compressor stations typically consume about 3–5% of the transported gas. It is estimated that the global optimization of operations can save considerably the fuel consumed by the stations. Hence, the problem of minimizing fuel cost is of great importance. Consequently, the objective is to operate a given compressor station or a set of compressor stations so that the total fuel consumption is reduced while maintaining the desired throughput in the line. Two case studies illustrate the proposed methodology. Case 1 was chosen for its simple and small‐size design, developed for the sake of illustration. The implementation of the methodology is thoroughly presented and typical results are analyzed. Case 2 was submitted by the French Company Gaz de France. It is a more complex network containing several loops, supply nodes, and delivery points, referred as a multisupply multidelivery transmission network. The key points of implementation of an optimization framework are presented. The treatment of both case studies provides some guidelines for optimization of the operating performances of pipeline networks, according to the complexity of the involved problems. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010 相似文献