钛网添加对镁/铝复合板微观组织和力学性能影响研究

目的 有效抑制镁/铝复合板界面处金属间化合物的形成。以钛网为中间金属夹层,研究它对镁/铝复合板微观组织和力学性能的影响。方法 利用复合轧制技术制备以钛网为中间金属夹层的镁/铝-钛复合板,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、电子背散射衍射仪(EBSD)、万能试验机等对复合板退火前后的微观组织和力学性能进行表征和分析,系统研究中间层钛网对轧制态和退火态复合板微观组织、织构、拉伸性能、界面结合强度的影响规律。结果 中间层钛网均匀分布在镁/铝-钛复合板界面处,钛网的添加能有效抑制复合板退火过程中镁-铝金属间化合物的连续生长,减少金属间化合物的数量。与镁/铝复合板相比,钛网的添加对轧制态和退火态复合板中镁层和铝层的平均晶粒尺寸和织构类型的影响较小。与镁/铝复合板相比,钛网的添加降低了轧制态复合板的界面剪切强度和延伸率,但极大提升了退火态复合板的界面剪切强度、拉伸强度和延伸率。结论 中间层钛网的添加可有效减少复合板界面处金属间化合物的数量,提升退火态复合板的综合力学性能。     

轧制制备铝/镁复合板数值模拟和翘曲变形控制

目的 选用5052铝合金与AZ31B镁合金作为复合材料进行热轧复合,研究铝/镁复合板轧制过程的数值模拟和翘曲变形控制.方法 对铝/镁复合板在不同轧制温度、轧制压下率和轧辊预加热轧制工艺下的热轧过程进行模拟.对轧制变形区铝/镁复合板的应力分布进行分析,讨论其对铝/镁复合板变形协调性的影响.最后在不同轧制工艺下进行单道次热轧实验,制备铝/镁(5052/AZ31B)复合板并与模拟结果进行对比.结果 有限元模拟和热轧实验结果表明,随着轧制压下率的增大和轧制温度的升高,铝/镁复合板的翘曲增大;将靠近铝基体侧轧辊预加热后,可以有效改善铝/镁复合板的翘曲问题.以轧制温度450℃为例,轧制压下率逐渐增大时,复合板的延伸性逐渐增大,复合板的翘曲也逐渐增大.将下轧辊预加热到50℃,其余轧制参数不变,轧制后复合板整体较为平直,翘曲明显比轧辊未预加热时小.结论 通过轧辊预加热轧制工艺可以有效控制铝/镁复合过程中的翘曲变形问题.     

高性能钛/铝复合板的关键制备技术

目的 研究TA2纯钛/6061铝合金复合界面的微观组织和力学性能,以及热处理对复合板组织和力学性能的影响.方法 在1×10-2 Pa高真空度下,对钛/铝复合坯进行搅拌摩擦焊封装,并在轧制温度为426℃和总压下率为80％下进行热轧复合;然后,对复合板进行T6热处理,即在540℃固溶及177℃时效5 h.随后,对热处理前后的复合界面进行扫描电镜和电子探针分析,明确元素扩散机制,并对复合板进行拉剪性能测试.结果 热轧后复合板的界面平直,无气孔、裂纹等缺陷,界面剪切强度为94.2 MPa.热处理后复合板铝基体力学性能提高,界面剪切强度达141.2 MPa.结论 采用真空轧制复合技术制备出了板形好、无缺陷的钛/铝复合板,经T6热处理后,钛/铝复合板的界面结合性能大幅改善,提高约50％.     

电子封装用Cu/Mo/Cu复合材料的工艺研究

研究了浸涂助复剂(铝基合金)和室温轧制工艺对Cu/Mo/Cu复合界面结合强度的影响,简述了Cu/Mo/Cu复合板室温轧制成形工艺过程,详细分析了表面和界面清理、初道次轧制临界变形率及热处理工艺等因素对复合板结合强度的影响.实验结果得出,钼板浸涂Al-Mn-Zn-Sn合金助复剂后的热处理温度为800～850℃;初道次轧制变形率为45%最佳;复合轧制后合适的退火工艺为450℃,保温60 min.     

冷轧成形钛/钢层状复合板界面结合强度的影响因素

采用冷轧复合法制备钛/钢层状复合板,研究轧制压下率、轧制道次、表面粗糙度、原材料状态和轧制速率对钛/钢层状复合板界面结合强度的影响。结果表明:界面作用力和轧制力对界面的作用时间是影响钛/钢层状复合板界面结合强度的主要因素。轧制压下率、表面粗糙度和原材料状态通过影响界面作用力来影响钛/钢层状复合板的界面结合强度;轧制速率通过影响轧制力对界面的作用时间来影响钛/钢层状复合板的界面结合强度;钛/钢层状复合板的冷轧复合效果与轧制道次无关,只有单道次轧制压下率超过临界轧制压下率时,才能实现冷轧复合。     

冷轧成形钛/钢层状复合板界面结合强度的影响因素EI北大核心CSCD

采用冷轧复合法制备钛/钢层状复合板,研究轧制压下率、轧制道次、表面粗糙度、原材料状态和轧制速率对钛/钢层状复合板界面结合强度的影响。结果表明:界面作用力和轧制力对界面的作用时间是影响钛/钢层状复合板界面结合强度的主要因素。轧制压下率、表面粗糙度和原材料状态通过影响界面作用力来影响钛/钢层状复合板的界面结合强度;轧制速率通过影响轧制力对界面的作用时间来影响钛/钢层状复合板的界面结合强度;钛/钢层状复合板的冷轧复合效果与轧制道次无关,只有单道次轧制压下率超过临界轧制压下率时,才能实现冷轧复合。     

层状镁/铝复合板轧制工艺研究进展

镁/铝复合板具有密度小、比强度高和耐腐蚀性好等优点,广泛应用于航空航天、汽车制造等领域.轧制法是目前生产镁/铝复合板最为广泛的一种方法,该法设备简单、操作容易、成本低廉.介绍了普通轧制法、异步轧制法、爆炸+轧制法、累积叠轧法、固-液铸轧法、波-平轧制法6种轧制工艺,以及这些工艺在制备镁/铝复合板时的优缺点.波-平轧制工艺可以提高复合板的平直度,有利于板材后续加工成形.也研究了轧制温度、轧制压下率、轧制速度、轧后退火处理对镁/铝复合板力学性能的影响,镁/铝界面金属间化合物的形成因素,以及化合物层厚度对镁/铝复合板力学性能的影响.     

不锈钢/铝(铝合金)/不锈钢多层复合板残余应力研究

采用取条法和化学浸蚀法相结合对不锈钢/铝(铝合金)/不锈钢多层复合板的残余应力值进行了测量.结果表明外层不锈钢受到长度和宽度方向的残余拉应力作用,随着轧制复合变形量的增加,多层复合板的残余应力值会逐渐增大.此外还通过热-力耦合的弹塑性有限元法对不锈钢/铝(铝合金)/不锈钢多层复合板的残余应力场进行了模拟仿真,并将模拟结果与试验测量值进行了分析和对比.     

异步轧制对钢/铝复合板组织与性能的影响

采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜及材料拉伸试验机等研究了异步轧制工艺制备的钢/铝复合板的组织与性能,探讨了异步速比对复合板界面剪切强度的影响。结果表明,异步轧制工艺可在30%的临界压下率下实现钢/铝的有效初结合,板材的初结合强度高于同步轧制样品。复合板的界面剪切强度随异步速比的增加先增大后减小,最佳的异步速比为1.2～1.25。异步轧制过程可实现钢基体粗大柱状晶的破碎与晶粒细化,轧后的复合板在450℃退火1h后即可以使钢基体获得理想的软化效果,克服了同步轧制样品在温度超过500℃退火时界面易生成脆性金属间化合物的难题。复合板的反复弯曲次数可达10次。     

铝-钛轧制固相结合特征

一、前言 铝/钛双金属板是以较薄的钛层(0.2～0.3mm)做保护层,较厚的铝层(1.0～1.2mm)做主要受力层,兼有两种金属各自特性的优良结构材料,受到一些国家的高度重视,已用于航空等领域。但是,铝、钛两种金属是一对物理、化学性能相差极大的金属材料。与铝相此,钛导热率低,是铝及其合金的1/15,化学活性高,加热时易与氧、氮等气体发生剧烈反应,生成氧化皮,变形时剧烈硬化,开裂倾向严重,弹性变形回复大,线膨胀系数铝比钛大2.5倍左右,熔点相差1000℃以上等,这些特性给铝、钛两种金属的轧制固相复合带来极大的困难。作者采用冷热轧制固相复合新工艺,获得了优质结合性能的铝/钛双金属复合板。本文着重叙述了冷热轧制固相结合特征方面的研究结果。 二、试验方法     

Assessment of surface bonding strength in Al clad steel strip using electrical resistivity and peeling tests

Abstract

Aluminium clad steel strip successfully combines the surface properties of an aluminium alloy coating with the satisfactory mechanical properties of the steel substrate. The production of Al clad steel strip by rolling, however, is a more efficient and economical approach compared with other processes. In this investigation, trilayer strips of aluminium/steel/aluminium were produced using the cold roll bonding technique. The bonding strength between the layers and the electrical resistivity of the samples were measured using a peeling test and four point probe test, respectively. The effects of reduction of thickness, the friction condition between the outer layer and rolls, and the rolling velocity on the bonding strength and electrical resistivity of the samples were assessed. Finally, it is shown that the resistivity test can be used as a non-destructive test for the evaluation of the quality of bonding between the layers of aluminium clad steel strip.     

轧制复合三层铝合金板变形规律及力学性能的研究

采用"热轧+中间退火+冷轧+轧后退火"法复合轧制AA1100/AA7075/AA1100三层铝合金板。利用金相、SEM-EDS观察微观组织变化及界面元素扩散,由显微硬度和拉伸试验测定复合板力学性能。结果表明,AA7075层组织呈拉伸纤维状沿轧向分布;热轧包覆率不变,中间退火后包覆率随冷轧应变的增加先减小后几乎不变;结合界面处存在Mg、Zn元素扩散。轧后退火使复合板强度降低、塑性增加,硬度沿厚度方向呈现梯度变化规律。     

Evolution of strain states and textures during roll-cladding in STS/Al/STS sheets

The evolution of strain states and textures during roll-cladding of three plies of sheets comprising ferritic stainless steel (STS), aluminum (Al) and ferritic stainless steel was investigated by measurements of crystallographic textures and by simulations with the finite element method (FEM). Because the deformation mainly occurs in the Al layer during roll-cladding, the present investigation was focused on the Al layer located at the middle of clad samples. Roll-cladding of STS/Al/STS sheets led to the development of a strong through thickness texture gradient in the Al sheet which was characterized by shear textures at the surface layer and rolling textures at the center layer. The temperature of the cladding operation played an important role in the evolution of textures.     

Ultrasonic spot welding of Al/Mg/Al tri-layered clad sheets

Solid-state ultrasonic spot welding (USW) was used to join Al/Mg/Al tri-layered clad sheets, aiming at exploring weldability and identifying failure mode in relation to the welding energy. It was observed that the application of a low welding energy of 100 J was able to achieve the optimal welding condition during USW at a very short welding time of 0.1 s for the tri-layered clad sheets. The optimal lap shear failure load obtained was equivalent to that of the as-received Al/Mg/Al tri-layered clad sheets. With increasing welding energy, the lap shear failure load initially increased and then decreased after reaching a maximum value. At a welding energy of 25 J, failure occurred in the mode of interfacial failure along the center Al/Al weld interface due to insufficient bonding. At a welding energy of 50 J, 75 J and 100 J, failure was also characterized by the interfacial failure mode, but it occurred along the Al/Mg clad interface rather than the center Al/Al weld interface, suggesting stronger bonding of the Al/Al weld interface than that of the Al/Mg clad interface. The overall weld strength of the Al/Mg/Al tri-layered clad sheets was thus governed by the Al/Mg clad interface strength. At a welding energy of 125 J and 150 J, thinning of weld nugget and extensive deformation at the edge of welding tip caused failure at the edge of nugget region, leading to a lower lap shear failure load.     

High‐performance Cu/Al laminated composites fabricated by horizontal twin‐roll casting

Horizontal twin‐roll casting technology was successfully introduced to produce high‐performance copper/aluminum (Cu/Al) laminated composites. The interface morphology, electrical properties and peeling strength after different annealing and cold rolling processes were investigated and contrasted with Cu/Al clad plates fabricated by conventional methods. The results show that sound metallurgical bonding between the copper and aluminum matrix can be attained after the horizontal twin‐roll casting processes and Al₂Cu is the only intermetallics at the interfacial region, the thickness of interfacial interlayer is about 0.7 μm. The peeling strength is 31.4 N/mm and can be further increased to 37.1 N/mm after annealing at 250 °C. However, higher temperature like 400 °C will cause the excessive growth of intermetallics so that peeling strength sharply decreases to 9.2 N/mm. Electrical conductivity of the clad plate is 51 MS/m. At the same electrical current intensity, the temperature‐rise of the composite plate is between the pure copper plate and the aluminum plate, and closer to the copper plate. All of the properties are outstanding than that of Cu/Al clad plate fabricated by conventional methods.     

生产工艺对爆炸复合用钛板的影响研究

对比热轧和卷轧工艺技术,研究了不同生产方式对爆炸复合用钛板性能和组织的影响。结果表明:块式热轧生产钛板的效果最好,炉卷轧制方式次之,但其生产率和成品率高;少量添加回收料可批量生产合格的钛板,但伸长率的富裕量降低。因此,需要严格控制原料成分,并选择适宜的生产工艺方式,以确保钛板性能满足爆炸复合要求。      

Bonding strength of Al/Mg/Al alloy tri-metallic laminates fabricated by hot rolling

One of major drawbacks of magnesium alloy is its low corrosion resistance, which can be improved by using an aluminized coating. In this paper, 7075 Al/Mg-12Gd-3Y-0·5Zr/7075 Al laminated composites were produced by a hot roll bonding method. The rolling temperature was determined based on the flow stresses of Mg-12Gd-3Y-0·5Zr magnesium alloy and 7075 Al alloy at elevated temperature. The bonding strength of the laminate composites and their mechanism were studied. The effects of the reduction ratio (single pass), the rolling temperature, and the subsequent annealing on the bonding strength were also investigated. It was observed that the bonding strength increased rapidly with the reduction ratio and slightly with the rolling temperature. The bonding strength increases with the annealing time until the annealing time reaches 2 h and then decreases. The mechanical bond plays a major role in the bonding strength.     

超薄铜铝复合电缆带的制备及其力学性能研究

针对电缆带以铝节铜的市场需求和超薄铜铝复合板带制备技术缺乏的现状,提出了包含叠轧的多道次累积轧制复合工艺,同时采用快速在线退火工艺成功制备了厚度为0.12 mm的超薄铜铝复合电缆带,并对其不同道次和不同退火工艺下的拉伸力学性能进行了分析.研究表明:采用高温短时在线热处理可以达到低温长时退火处理的效果;超薄铜铝复合带的力学性能对厚度特别敏感;改变初始坯料状态和降低中间退火温度可以改善最终复合带的力学性能.