基于BP神经网络的Cu-Ce掺杂TiO2光催化剂性能预测组合模型研究

采用环境测试舱模拟可见光下的室内环境,以甲醛气体的光催化降解为探针反应,评价了Cu-Ce/TiO2光催化剂的光催化活性及对甲醛气体的去除效果。利用指数平滑-神经网络ES-BP组合模型对Cu-Ce/TiO2光催化剂的性能做预测分析。结果表明:经过Cu-Ce/TiO2光催化剂处理后细木工板中甲醛释放浓度明显降低,平均光催化降解甲醛气体效率为42.8%;ES-BP组合预测模型在Cu-Ce/TiO2光催化剂的性能预测中取得了较好的效果,平均绝对误差为-0.00011mg/m3,平均相对误差为-0.317%;ES-BP组合预测模型实现了BP神经网络模型和指数平滑模型的优势互补,提高了对数据长期预测的准确性。     

Ce-TiO2光催化涂料对室内甲醛气体的降解效果及预测模型的准确度

为了有效降解室内甲醛气体,自制了Ce-TiO2光催化涂料。分析了Ce-TiO2光催化涂料在可见光源下对甲醛气体的降解效果。根据甲醛气体浓度的实测值,采用3次指数平滑法模型建立了Ce-TiO2光催化涂料降解甲醛气体的模型,并对其催化效果进行了预测。结果表明:Ce-TiO2光催化涂料可以提高对可见光源的响应,对甲醛气体的降解效果为82.9%;模型的预测准确性高,平均绝对误差为-0.000 75 mg/m3,平均相对误差为-0.006 80。     

CeO2掺杂TiO2光催化剂的性能研究

采用液相合成法制备CeO2掺杂TiO2光催化粉体,利用X射线衍射仪、紫外-可见分光光度计、FT-IR傅里叶变换红外光谱仪等对粉体的晶相组成、光谱吸收性能进行了表征,结果表明,掺杂后的TiO2经800℃热处理后仍呈锐钛矿型;CeO2/TiO2吸收光谱的阈值波长发生红移,但Ce掺杂浓度的增大对粉体的可见光吸收影响不大.光催化降解甲醛的结果表明,粉体在普通日光灯下对甲醛气体的降解率明显优于P25.     

N掺杂TiO2光催化剂的制备及其可见光降解甲醛

采用水解沉淀法制备了纯的和N掺杂的TiO2纳米光催化剂,并用二次离子质谱、X射线衍射、紫外-可见漫反射光谱、比表面积、透射电镜等技术进行了表征。以GaN基兰色发光二极管为光源,研究了催化剂光催化降解甲醛的活性。实验表明,在最佳反应条件下,N掺杂的TiO2纳米光催化剂在可见光下对甲醛有良好的光催化活性。     

C/La-TiO2纤维膜的制备及可见光降解甲苯气体

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了碳(C)、镧(La)掺杂改性的TiO₂催化剂,并使用同轴静电纺丝法以聚乙烯醇(PVA)为模板剂制备成壳-核纤维膜。探究可见光下其对甲苯气体的光催化降解效果,考察了催化剂负载量、甲苯初始含量及C/La掺杂量对甲苯降解的影响。通过XRD、SEM、XPS、DRS及TGA证明C、La和TiO₂成功掺杂,改性后的催化剂光学吸收带边发生红移,可见光区域光吸收强度得到增强。可见光下降解甲苯气体的光催化降解实验结果表明,当纺丝液推进速度为2mL/h、甲苯初始含量为3mL/L及C/La掺杂量分别为0.9g/0.6g时,可见光下反应2h后,甲苯降解率最高可达92.9%。5次循环使用后,降解率没有明显下降,表明纤维膜具有良好的稳定性。     

纳米TiO2建筑材料光催化净化室内甲醛研究进展

纳米TiO2建筑材料应用于现代家庭室内装饰装修,可以净化室内空气,尤其是甲醛。探讨了TiO2光催化降解室内甲醛气体的机理,重点对玻璃、陶瓷、涂料、板材这四种建筑材料在光催化净化室内甲醛气体的应用做了介绍;详细讨论了纳米TiO2建筑材料光催化活性的主要影响因素是光照强度、相对湿度、气体流速、初始浓度等,并提出金属离子掺杂、阴离子掺杂、共掺杂、贵金属沉积和半导体复合的方法来提高TiO2光催化活性;最后对在实际应用中提高TiO2的可见光利用率以及TiO2与建筑材料之间的相互作用机理研究方面进行了展望。     

镧掺杂TiO_2/活性炭纤维复合光催化材料的制备及性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法,以硝酸镧和钛酸丁酯为原料,以活性炭纤维为载体,制备了镧掺杂TiO2/ACF复合材料,通过紫外灯照射,对甲醛气体进行光催化降解,考察材料的光催化活性。结果表明:镧的掺杂能够提高TiO2/ACF复合材料的光催化活性。当焙烧温度为400℃,镧的掺杂量为2%(摩尔分数)时,材料的光催化活性达到最佳效果。     

CNTs/TiO_2/海泡石多孔光催化复合材料的制备及性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法,以钛酸四丁酯为前驱体,制备了CNTs/TiO2/海泡石多孔光催化复合材料。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见分光光度计(UV-Vis)对所得样品进行表征,分析了复合材料的形貌、组成、结构、对光的吸收性能等。以甲醛为模型污染物,评价了样品光催化降解甲醛的能力。结果表明:CNTs可以增强复合材料在可见光区的吸收能力,同时提高其光催化活性;当CNTs的掺杂量为5%时,对甲醛的降解率效果很好,去除率可以达到93.2%。     

负载银和铁的二氧化钛复合织物对甲醛降解研究

首先制备了银和铁掺杂改性的二氧化钛,然后用浸渍-烘焙-煅烧的方法制备了负载银和铁的二氧化钛复合织物;其次用SEM、紫外-可见漫反射光谱研究了该复合光催化材料的性能;最后,以可见光高压汞灯为光源,以甲醛为目标降解物,研究了其光催化性能。结果表明,银、铁元素的加入使催化材料的紫外-可见漫反射光谱发生了明显变化,金属元素掺杂量越大,复合催化材料对可见光的吸收能力越强。另外,银和铁的加入均能使催化材料在可见光下对甲醛的净化能力增强,银元素最佳掺杂量是1.5%,铁元素最佳掺杂量是1%。     

La、Fe共掺杂TiO_2/活性炭纤维的制备及其光催化性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法,以硝酸镧和钛酸丁酯为原料,选取活性炭纤维作为载体,制备了La、Fe共掺杂TiO2/ACF复合材料,通过紫外灯照射,对甲醛气体进行光催化降解,考察材料的光催化活性。结果表明,适宜的La、Fe掺杂量能够提高TiO2/活性炭纤维的光催化活性。当La的掺杂量为0.5%(摩尔分数),Fe的掺杂量为0.5%(摩尔分数),焙烧温度为350℃时,La、Fe共掺杂TiO2/ACF光催化性能最佳,反应2h甲醛降解率达到98.9%。     

TiO2光催化抗菌陶瓷的制备

制备了SiO2-Zr3(PO4)4改性的TiO2粉体,将其添加到陶瓷釉料中,研制出了TiO2光催化抗菌陶瓷,分别就改性TiO2粉体的光催化活性和TiO2光催化抗菌陶瓷的光催化抗菌机理进行了研究.研究表明,37.2%Zr3(PO4)4和11.5%SiO2改性的TiO2粉体经1323K处理后,仍具有较好的光催化活性,将其添加到陶瓷釉料中制备出的TiO2先催化抗菌陶瓷对大肠杆菌的抑菌率达98%.     

Degradation of 4-chlorophenol by a microwave assisted photocatalysis method

In this work, the degradation of 4-chlorophenol (4CP) under simultaneous microwave assisted UV (electrodeless discharge lamp) photocatalysis technique (MW/UV/TiO2) was investigated. Several factors affecting the degradation of 4CP by MW/UV/TiO2 method, such as the dosage of photocatalysts, the initial pH value of the solutions, gas bubbling, light intensity and addition of H2O2 oxidant, were studied in detail. The synergistic effects between microwave irradiation and TiO2 photocatalysis were also studied. The major intermediates were found to be chlorobenzene, phenol, hydroquinone, benzoquinone and 4-chlorocatechol. Based on the results, a general reaction pathway for the degradation of 4CP was proposed.     

Photocatalytic properties of silver nanoparticles decorated nanobranched TiO2 nanofibers

In this study, nanobranched TiO2 nanofibers and silver loaded nanobranched TiO2 nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning technique followed by TiCl4 aqueous solution treatment and silver photodeposition method. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were employed to investigate the morphology of the products. X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were conducted on the samples to study their chemical composition as well as crystallographic structure. The photocatalytic activities of these produced nanofibers were examined with two organic dyes, methylene blue and methyl orange, under ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation. The effect of nanobranches and silver modification on TiO2 nanofibers was revealed in the photocatalysis process. The photocatalytic degradation rates of silver loaded on nanobranched TiO2 nanofibers were 1.6 and 1.7 times as that of pure TiO2 nanofibers in the presence of methylene blue and methyl orange, respectively, which indicated silver nanoparticles combined nanobranches modified on the surface of TiO2 nanofibers could enhance the photocatalytic ability.     

TiO_2纳米颗粒与微米带的制备及催化性能

以钛酸四丁酯为前驱体分别采用溶胶-凝胶法合成TiO2纳米颗粒和模板法合成TiO2微米带,对制备的材料进行差热热重分析、红外光谱、扫描电镜、透射电镜和X射线衍射分析;以甲基橙的脱色降解为模式反应,考察样品的光催化性能。结果表明:以脱脂棉为模板制备出的TiO2微米带,经600℃煅烧,长径比为70,紫外光照射50 min后对甲基橙的催化效率可达90%;600℃煅烧的TiO2纳米颗粒,粒径为80～100 nm,50 min的催化效率仅为75%。     

Enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity of novel Pt/C-doped TiO2/PtCl4 three-component nanojunction system for degradation of toluene in air

C-doped TiO(2) nanoparticles prepared by partial oxidation of TiC were modified with Pt species by impregnation-calcination method in order to enhance the visible light photocatalytic activity. The physicochemical properties of as-prepared samples were characterized by various techniques in detail. The results indicated that a novel Pt/C-doped TiO(2)/PtCl(4) three-component nanojunction system was formed, where C-doped TiO(2) and PtCl(4) behaved as two visible light responsive components, and Pt metal as electron-transfer system. The three-component nanojunctioned photocatalyst system exhibited six times higher visible light activity than that of the pristine C-doped TiO(2) in degradation of toluene in air. The dramatically enhanced activity can be attributed to the increased utilization of visible light, the enhanced charge carrier separation and transfer process. Further more, the band structure and photocatalysis mechanism over the three-component nanojunction system was proposed and discussed. This work may provide new insights into the design of novel multi-component photocatalyst system with efficient visible light activity.     

银掺杂TiO2光催化剂的制备及光催化性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法,以钛酸四丁酯、硝酸银为原料制备了不同银含量掺杂TiO2光催化剂,并以TG-DTA、XRD、TEM对样品进行了表征,XRD结果显示,掺杂银TiO2光催化剂为锐钛矿型,银掺杂量较低时,银均匀分布在TiO2的表面,在掺杂量为4%时,出现银的团聚。光催化亚甲基蓝结果表明,银掺杂TiO2光催化剂比未掺杂TiO2降解率明显提高,在2%银掺杂TiO2光催化剂用量为25mg,pH值为6～8,降解时间为120min,降解率可达93%。     

MS(M=Cd或Zn)纳米粒子负载TiO_2纳米线的制备及可见光催化性能

以具有层状结构的钛酸盐纳米线、CdCl2或ZnSO4及硫代乙酰胺为原料,采用两步水热合成法制备了高温稳定的六方相CdS或低温稳定的立方相ZnS纳米粒子负载的TiO2纳米线复合材料。首先,CdCl2或ZnSO4与钛酸盐纳米线在水热条件下进行离子交换制得含Cd2+或Zn2+的钛酸盐纳米线;然后,在硫代乙酰胺溶液中于160℃下直接处理含Cd2+或Zn2+的钛酸盐纳米线就可获得负载有硫化物纳米粒子的TiO2复合纳米线。它们在酸浸后,TiO2纳米线的表面仍存在少量硫化物纳米粒子。通过测试酸浸后样品、纯TiO2纳米线和商用P25对亚甲基蓝水溶液的可见光催化降解实验结果证实,含CdS纳米粒子样品的光催化活性最高。     

La/TiO2-SiO2薄膜的光催化性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了不同掺杂量的La／TiO2-SiO2复合薄膜．通过XRD、FE-SEM和AFM研究了复合薄膜的微观结构，采用紫外光照射下亚甲基蓝的分解实验比较薄膜的光催化性能．结果表明：La掺杂可显著提高TiO2-SiO2复合薄膜的光催化活性，以5％掺杂量为最佳，其光降解率比掺杂前提高了约23％．薄膜活性提高的主要原因是La掺杂后细化了TiO2的晶粒，提高了薄膜的比表面积，使其具有更高的氧化还原电势，La^3＋取代Ti^4＋进入到TiO2晶格，引起晶格膨胀，这种不同价离子的取代导致TiO2粒子表面电荷分布不平衡，从而提高了光生电子-空穴的分离效率．     

微波掺氮有序多孔TiO2材料的制备与性能

采用晶胶模板法制备了有序多孔TiO<,2>材料,在微波辐照条件下对其掺氮改性,利用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、光电子能谱(XPS)方法对掺氮TiO<,2>材料进行表征,并研究掺氮前后TiO<,2>材料光催化性能.实验结果显示,通过晶胶模板法所制备的有序多孔TiO<,2>材料的整体比较致密,但局部有孔洞的塌...     

Degradation of C.I. Reactive Red 2 through photocatalysis coupled with water jet cavitation

The decolorization of an azo dye, C.I. Reactive Red 2 was investigated using TiO(2) photocatalysis coupled with water jet cavitation. Experiments were performed in a 4.0 L solution under ultraviolet power of 9 W. The effects of TiO(2) loading, initial dye concentration, solution pH, geometry of cavitation tube, and the addition of anions on the degradation of the dye were evaluated. Degradation of the dye followed a pseudo-first order reaction. The photocatalysis coupled with water jet cavitation elevated degradation of the dye by about 136%, showing a synergistic effect compared to the individual photocatalysis and water jet cavitation. The enhancement of photocatalysis by water jet cavitation could be due to the deagglomeration of catalyst particles as well as the better contact between the catalyst surfaces and the reactants. Venturi tube with smaller diameter and shorter length of throat tube favored the dye decolorization. The degradation efficiency was found to increase with decreasing initial concentration and pH. The presence of NO(3)(-) and SO(4)(2-) enhanced the degradation of RR2, while Cl(-), and especially HCO(3)(-) significantly reduced dye decolorization. The results of this study indicated that the coupled photocatalysis and water jet cavitation is effective in degrading dye in wastewater and provides a promising alternative for treatment of dye wastewater at a large scale.