PLA-PEG-PLA的微波合成工艺及其在鬼臼毒素载药微球中的应用

采用微波法合成PLA和PLA-PEG-PLA,以PLA和PLA-PEG-PLA的粘均分子量和得率为评价指标,对微波功率和微波反应时间进行了单因素实验。以合成的PLA-PEG-PLA为药物载体,采用乳化-溶剂挥发法制备了(Po-dophyllotoxin,PPT)/PLA-PEG-PLA载药微球,考察了载药微球的药物缓释性能。通过傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对微波法合成的PLA和PLA-PEG-PLA以及制备的载药微球的微观结构进行了表征分析。结果表明,最佳微波功率为200W,最佳反应时间为30min时,合成的三元嵌段共聚物PLA-PEG-PLA的粘均分子量为5.2×103。体外释药研究表明,PPT/PLA-PEG-PLA-MS具有明显的药物缓释性。     

聚氨酯/淀粉复合微球的制备及药物释放性能研究

采用预聚-扩链-中和-分散法合成聚氨酯(PU)水溶液,将PU与淀粉(ST)溶液按照不同质量比进行复合,采用凝聚相分离法制备PU/ST复合微球;用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对微球进行表征,并以盐酸四环素为模型药物制备载药复合微球,初步研究了载药PU/ST复合微球的药物释放性能.结果表明,微球...     

氧化海藻酸钠交联壳聚糖载药复合体系的制备及其药物缓释初步研究

为获得一种新型的药物释放复合体系,本实验首先通过乳化交联法制备壳聚糖(CS)包载四环素(TC)微球,然后利用氧化海藻酸钠交联聚磷酸钙/壳聚糖(CPP/CS)复合材料,用冷冻干燥法制备了载药微球复合体系.并用傅立叶红外光谱仪(IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)及药物的体外释放等方法对该载药微球复合体系进行分析和表征.结果显示,经...     

乳酸/N,N-双(2-羟乙基)甘氨酸共聚缓释微球的制备及表征

以乳酸为原料,N,N-双(2-羟乙基)甘氨酸为共聚单体,通过熔融缩聚法制备了支化乳酸共聚物(PLAN),并用核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)、凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)对其支化结构及分子量进行了表征。采用溶剂挥发法制备PLAN-布洛芬的载药微球,扫描电镜(SEM)显示PLAN的载药微球为多孔结构,粒径约为60μm~80μm。对载药微球的载药量及其缓释性能进行测定,实验结果表明,PLAN载药量可达49.20%,而聚乳酸的载药量为28.67%,且PLAN-布洛芬载药微球24h在体外的累计释放百分数为63%,能够实现布洛芬在体内平稳、持续的释放。     

基于凝固浴剪切法制备多孔实心聚(乳酸-羟基乙酸)共聚物载药微球

以聚(乳酸-羟基乙酸)为基质材料,采用一种新颖的流动凝固浴剪切法制备包载盐酸万古霉素的载药微球,并研究微球的形貌结构、粒径、包封率、载药率、体外释放性能及其影响因素。结果表明,所制备的载药微球平均粒径在15~29μm范围,微球呈现内部实心表面多孔的复合结构;微球的包封率及载药可分别在15%~75%和1.5%~9.3%范围内调控。微球制备过程中的工艺条件对微球结构形貌、包封率、载药率及释放性能有重要影响,通过调整微球的粒径,可有效减缓释药过程中的突释现象。     

核壳型载药微球的制备及其释药性能研究

以聚苯乙烯磺酸钠(PSS)掺杂CaCO3微球为模板,利用逐层(LBL)自组装技术将聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵(PDDA)和锂藻土(Laponite)组装到微球表面,得到了核壳型载药微球。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、zeta-电位分析仪、X射线衍射分析仪(XRD)、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)以及紫外-可见分光光度计(UV)等对微球形貌、结构和载药释药性能进行表征。实验结果表明,CaCO3微球合成过程中,PSS不仅调控了CaCO3的形状,也改变了CaCO3晶型,即由方解石晶型转变为球霰石晶型;在负载布洛芬(IBU)的CaCO3微球表面,通过层层自组装法得到核壳型载药微球。去除模板CaCO3后的微囊结构表明聚电解质和粘土成功地组装在微球表面;壳层中的聚电解质能够有效地延缓药物的释放,而锂藻土对药物的释放具有阻隔作用,能进一步延长药物的释放时间。     

微波辐射乳液聚合制备磁性高分子微球

用化学共沉淀法制备了Fe3O4纳米粒子,并用油酸和十二烷基硫酸钠对Fe3O4纳米粒子进行表面修饰,得到了稳定的水分散性纳米Fe3O4磁流体。在Fe3O4磁流体存在下,以苯乙烯和丙烯酰胺为单体,采用微波辐射乳液聚合法制备了Fe3O4/聚(苯乙烯-丙烯酰胺)磁性高分子微球,表征了磁性高分子微球的形态与结构,研究了磁性高分子微球的粒径、热稳定性、磁含量与饱和磁化强度。研究发现,在选定合适的聚合条件下,通过微波辐射乳液聚合法可以制得粒径为70 nm~80 nm、磁含量为18.2%的磁性高分子微球。     

原位纳米羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合载药微球的制备及释放性能研究

为应对骨缺损修复过程中的细菌感染问题,利用原位法制备了具有药物缓释功能的纳米羟基磷灰石(n-HA)和壳聚糖(CS)复合微球,并与纯CS载药微球和共混法n-HA/CS复合载药微球进行对比研究。利用相差显微镜和扫描电镜对微球进行形貌观察,结果显示原位法复合载药微球表面形态和球形度均较好。对载药微球的载药率、药物包封率和体外药物释放进行了测试和分析,结果表明原位法复合载药微球载药率和药物包封率最高,分别为(0.3907±0.0203)%和(7.4221±0.3858)%,并具有明显的缓释效果。     

壳聚糖靶向缓释功能高分子载药微球及其特性研究

采用壳聚糖作为载体,通过分子结构设计,以叶酸靶向受体改性壳聚糖,然后选择5-氟尿嘧啶为模型药物,采用复凝聚法制备新型壳聚糖靶向缓释功能高分子载药微球。通过红外光谱和1 H-NMR核磁共振分析确定了叶酸改性壳聚糖化学结构,并通过扫描电镜、激光粒度分析仪、激光共聚焦显微镜及紫外光谱等现代仪器和分析方法对载药微球的形貌结构、粒径、包埋率、载药量和体外药物释放特性等进行研究。结果表明,模型药物被成功包埋到叶酸改性后的壳聚糖微球中,包埋率E和载药量L最高可达86.5%和32.7%,载药微球的平均粒径为5.251μm,多分散系数(PDI)为0.056,球形度、分散性良好;激光共聚焦显微镜结果显示微球为核壳结构;体外释放实验表明壳聚糖靶向缓释功能高分子载药微球具有持久的缓释作用,24h后载药微球在模拟胃液(pH值=1.2)中释放率为70%,在模拟肠液(pH值=7.4)中释放率为40%,释药速度与释放介质的pH值密切相关。     

载异烟肼聚己内酯微球的制备及其性质研究

采用O/O溶剂挥发法制备载异烟肼聚己内酯微球。系统考察了活性剂浓度、内外油相体积、投药量对微球粒径、载药量和包封率的影响。结合内外油相初始粘度分析载药微球成球性,用IR、XRD、SEM对微球化学结构、结晶状态和表面形貌进行表征。通过优化得到平均粒径为28.73μm、载药量为2.36%、包封率为49.58%、外观圆整、表面多孔的载药微球。与O/W溶剂挥发法制备微球对比表明,O/O法有效地提高了载异烟肼聚己内酯微球载药量与包封率,是包覆亲水性小分子药物的可行方法,该载药微球可望用于骨和关节结核病的缓释治疗。     

Fabrication of hydrophilic paclitaxel-loaded PLA-PEG-PLA microparticles via SEDS process

In this work, chemically bonded poly(D, L-lactide)-polyethylene glycol-poly(D, L-lactide) (PLA-PEG-PLA) triblock copolymers with various PEG contents and PLA homopolymer were synthesized via melt polymerization, and were confirmed by FTIR and ¹H-NMR results. The molecular weight and polydispersity of the synthesized PLA and PLA-PEG-PLA copolymers were investigated by gel permeation chromatography. Hydrophilicity of the copolymers was identified by contact angle measurement. PLA-PEG-PLA and PLA microparticles loaded with and without PTX were then produced via solution enhanced dispersion by supercritical CO₂ (SEDS) process. The effect of the PEG content on the particle size distribution, morphology, drug load, and encapsulation efficiency of the fabricated microparticles was also studied. Results indicate that PLA and PLA-PEG-PLA microparticles all exhibit sphere-like shape with smooth surface, when PEG content is relatively low. The produced microparticles have narrow particle size distributions and small particle sizes. The drug load and encapsulation efficiency of the produced microparticles decreases with higher PEG content in the copolymer matrix. Moreover, high hydrophilicity is found when PEG is chemically attached to originally hydrophobic PLA, providing the produced drug-loaded microparticles with high hydrophilicity, biocompatibility, and prolonged circulation time, which are considered of vital importance for vessel-circulating drug delivery system.     

聚乳酸-聚乙二醇-聚乳酸/二氧化钛杂化材料的制备及表征

以辛酸亚锡为催化剂,合成了聚乳酸-聚乙二醇-聚乳酸(PLA-PEG-PLA)共聚物;基于溶胶凝胶(sol-gel)工艺,将PLA-PEG-PLA与TiO2溶胶杂化反应,制备了PLA-PEG-PLA/TiO2杂化材料。采用红外光谱(FT-IR)、光电子能谱(XPS)、差示扫描量热(DSC)和X射线衍射(XRD)方法对杂化材料进行表征和分析。FT-IR和XPS分析结果显示,TiO2溶胶与PLA-PEG-PLA间发生了杂化反应,形成了Ti-O-C键。DSC分析结果显示,随TiO2%(质量分数,下同)含量的增加,杂化材料的耐热性能提高。XRD证实了杂化材料为无定型结构,有利于降解。     

Synthesis of biocompatible, mesoporous Fe(3)O(4) nano/microspheres with large surface area for magnetic resonance imaging and therapeutic applications

This article reports the fabrication of mesoporous Fe(3)O(4) nano/microspheres with a high surface area value (163 m(2)/g, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) and demonstrates their use for drug loading, release, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These monodispersed, mesoporous Fe(3)O(4) nano/microspheres with controllable average sizes ranging from 50 to 200 nm were synthesized using a Fe(3)O(4)/poly(acrylic acid) hybrid sphere template and subsequent silica shell formation and removal. We found that the SiO(2) coating is a crucial step for the successful synthesis of uniform mesoporous Fe(3)O(4) nano/microspheres. The as-synthesized mesoporous Fe(3)O(4) nanospheres show a high magnetic saturation value (M(s) = 48.6 emu/g) and could be used as MRI contrast agents (r(2) = 36.3 s(-1) mM(-1)). Trypan blue exclusion and MTT assay (see Supporting Information ) cytotoxicity analyses of the nanospheres based on HepG2 and MDCK cells showed that the products were biocompatible, with a lower toxicity than lipofectamine (positive control). Hydrophilic ibuprofen and hydrophobic zinc(II) phthalocyanine drug loading into mesoporous Fe(3)O(4) nanospheres and selected release experiments were successfully achieved. The potential use of mesoporous Fe(3)O(4) nanospheres in biomedical applications, in light of the nano/microspheres' efficient drug loading and release, MRI, and low cytotoxicity, has been demonstrated. It is envisaged that mesoporous Fe(3)O(4) nanospheres can be used as drug carriers and MRI contrast agents for the reticuloendothelial system; they can also be delivered locally, such as via a selective catheter.     

聚乳酸-聚乙二醇-聚乳酸/聚(N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮)交联共聚物膜的制备与性能

在制备聚乳酸-聚乙二醇-聚乳酸(PLA-PEG-PLA)嵌段共聚物的基础上,以丙烯酸酯封端制备了PLA-PEG-PLA大分子单体。PLA-PEG-PLA大分子单体作为交联剂与N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮(NVP)单体经光聚合制备了系列PLA-PEGPLA/PVP交联共聚物膜。核磁共振测试结果表明了大分子单体的成功合成;随着NVP投料量的增加,交联共聚物膜的亲水性增强,水解降解性加快,而储能模量(E’)及玻璃化转变温度(Tg)下降;NVP与PLA-PEG-PLA大分子单体的投料量由0.25/1.68(质量比)增至1.55/1.68时,共聚膜的拉伸强度由32.7 MPa降为17.1 MPa,而断裂伸长率由82%增至387%,说明共聚物膜的韧性较好。     

溶液燃烧法合成Co3O4纳米粉体及热处理研究

分别以氨基乙酸、柠檬酸、葡萄糖为燃料,Co(NO_3)_2·6H_2O为氧化剂,采用溶液燃烧法合成Co_3O_4粉体,并对氨基乙酸为燃料合成的Co_3O_4粉体在500℃、600℃和700℃热处理,研究其结构、微观形貌和磁学性能。研究表明各燃料配制的前驱体溶液在300℃均可发生燃烧反应合成Co_3O_4粉体,以氨基乙酸为燃料时,合成粉体的颗粒较大,中间有气孔,分散性好,残留少量的氨基乙酸。n(氨基乙酸)∶n(硝酸钴)=1.11∶1时合成的Co_3O_4粉体600℃热处理后得到了高纯度、分散性好、平均径向尺寸80nm的Co_3O_4纳米粉体。以氨基乙酸为燃料合成的Co_3O_4产物在600℃和700℃热处理后,其矫顽力和剩磁值都比500℃热处理后的要小。     

Development of self-assembled 3D Fe(x)Oy micro/nano materials for application in hexachlorobenzene degradation

Self-assembled three dimensional (3D) hierarchical, flower-like iron oxide micro/nano materials, including pure Fe3O4, alpha-Fe2O3/Fe3O4 composite and pure alpha-Fe2O3, were developed to degrade hexachlorobenzene (HCB) at 300 degrees C. It was found that pure Fe3O4 exhibited the highest activity with the reaction rate constant at 0.959 min(-1). Identified degradation products with lower chlorinated benzenes suggest a stepwise hydrodechlorination was occurring for the degradation of HCB on the synthesized Fe3O4. The characterization of the synthesized iron oxides after reaction indicates the Fe3O4 phase was partially transformed into alpha-Fe2O3 phase and in return accelerated progress of hydrodechlorination of HCB. The superior performance of as-prepared Fe3O4 could be attributed to its structural feature such as surface area and pore structure, as well as its phase transformation during HCB degradation.     

Co3O4电化学电容电极材料的制备及性能研究

利用水热法,以硝酸钴为原料,分别以碳酸氢铵、六次甲基四胺为沉淀剂,制备了Co3O4。借助X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜手段对样品进行表征。以六次甲基四胺为沉淀剂制得的Co3O4,在6 mol.L-1KOH水溶液中,电位窗口为0～0.4V内,通过循环伏安和恒流充放电测试,显示该材料制备的电极具有良好的电容行为。充放电流在为5 mA时,单电极的比容量达到239 F.g-1,是以碳酸氢铵为沉淀剂制得的Co3O4电极的1.57倍,说明以六次甲基四胺为沉淀剂制备的Co3O4具有较好的电化学电容性能。     

生物活性玻璃/PLA-PEG-PLA/聚乳酸组织工程支架在SBF溶液中的降解和矿化

通过测定pH值、质量损失率、SEM、XRD和FTIR,系统研究了生物活性玻璃/聚乳酸-聚乙二醇-聚乳酸嵌段共聚物（PLA-PEG-PLA）/聚乳酸组织工程支架在模拟体液（SBF）中的降解和生物矿化性能。研究结果表明：随着支架在SBF溶液中浸泡时间的延长,SBF的pH值和支架的质量呈下降趋势;生物活性玻璃的存在使pH值升高,而PLA-PEG-PLA嵌段共聚物的存在使pH值降低。XRD、FTIR图谱和SEM图像表明：在SBF中浸泡一定时间后,有无定型或结晶不完善的磷灰石在生物活性玻璃/PLA-PEG-PLA/聚乳酸组织工程支架表面沉积形成,并且PLA-PEG-PLA共聚物降解速度比聚乳酸快;在SBF中浸泡7天后,PLA-PEG-PLA共聚物的含量已经很难通过FTIR检测出来。     

钒酸钡Ba_3(VO_4)_2合成过程的研究

Ba_3(VO_4)_2是最有希望实现低温共烧的微波介质陶瓷体系之一.以BaCO_3,V_2O_5为原料,在不同温度下进行合成反应,对合成样品进行XRD物相分析,研究合成目标相Ba_3(VO_4)_2的反应过程.结果表明:在粉料湿法球磨过程中,BaCO_3与V_2O_5已开始反应生成BaV_2O_6,球磨后烘干样品的XRD图中不存在V_2O_5的衍射峰.合成目标相Ba_3(VO_4)_2的中间产物有:Ba(VO_3)_2·H_2O,BaV_2O_6,Ba_2V_2O_7,Ba_3(VO_4)_2.合成反应在450'C时开始出现目标相,800℃时得到单相Ba_3(VO_4)_2.