含损耗介质和谐振子复合材料的电磁参数测定与反射系数计算

制备了一种含损耗介质和谐振子的环氧树脂基微波吸收复合材料,在8.2～12.4GHz频率范围内作了复合材料的电磁参数测试.结果表明:这种复合材料的磁损耗很小,主要损耗机制是介电损耗.由传输线等效电路模拟吸波复合材料,根据输入阻抗计算电磁波反射系数,给出了功率反射系数计算的BASIC程序.并把计算结果与扫频测试结果作了对比.对比结果表明:理论计算与实测的功率反射系数随频率的变化规律基本一致.     

The Attenuation Rate in Fresh Water at VHF Frequencies

The attenuation rate of the electromagnetic energy in samples of fresh water has been measured at frequencies between 33 and 363 MHz. The technique employed the HP 8410A network analyzer and a broad-band transmission resonance cavity and provided reliable results which agree well with theory. The results suggest that it should be possible to develop a VHF radar system capable of sensing the depth of shallow fresh water for remote sensing applications.     

The four-frequency process for coupled-duals using error-corrected S-parameter measurements

Although the four-frequency measurement process has been used successfully on coupled dual crystals from 9.4 MHz to 21.4 MHz, discrepancies between the crystal data and filter data at 45 MHz and 57.5 MHz suggested an error problem associated with the measurement system. To eliminate the errors, a twelve-term error model was chosen and the equations were derived for use with an automatic network analyzer. The details of the direct deviation of the four-frequency measurement process are given in which the two resonator frequencies and the synchronous peak separation frequency (SPSF) of a coupled dual crystal are calculated from the two frequencies of the zeros of the short-circuit driving point impedance, and the two frequencies of the zeros of the open-circuit driving point impedance. Determination of the four frequencies from the error-corrected S parameters is discussed, as well as the analysis of an external capacitor placed across the output circuit to obtain a more convenient distribution of the four frequencies. A comparison is made between data taken on the original fixture and data taken on an automatic network analyzer using error-corrected S parameters.     

网络分析仪在变频器件测量中的应用

网络分析仪为测量变频器件提供了快速而准确的测量方法，根据标量网络分析仪和矢量网络分析仪的测量原理，详细介绍了用标网测量变频器变频损耗的方法，以及用矢网测量变频损耗和相位的方法。分析了两种仪器在测量中的适用范围和优缺点在变频器测量中的优缺点。以正交混频器为例，提供了测量其幅度不平衡和相位不平衡的网络分析仪测量方法；以本振与射频信号频率范围重合的特殊应用为例，介绍了简单准确的测量方法。     

Free-space, broadband measurements of high-temperature, complexdielectric properties at microwave frequencies

A free-space microwave measurement system that is used for the high-temperature measurement of dielectric constants and loss tangents of homogeneous materials and that is applicable to composite materials as well is discussed. The system is capable of operating in the 5.85-40-GHz frequency range and ambient to 850°C temperature range. A computer is used to control and coordinate furnace temperature, network analyzer functions, and data storage. Dielectric constants and loss tangents of the materials are calculated from the measured values of S₂₁. The measurement system, including the high-temperature furnace and the calibration technique, is described. Dielectric constants and loss tangents are presented for fused quartz and boron nitride grade HP in the frequency range 13.0-17.4 GHz and the temperature range from ambient to 850°C     

Measurement of dielectrics at 100 GHz with an open resonatorconnected to a network analyzer

A high-Q hemispherical open resonator is connected to an automatic network analyzer to enable precise and fast determination of the permittivity and loss tangent of low-loss dielectric materials at 100 GHz. Both scalar theory and vector theory with a frequency variation method are used to determine the dielectric properties of low-loss materials which are used in quasioptical components, for example in fusion reactor windows and tenses for millimeter-wave receivers. The uncertainty of the measurement is 0.02% to 0.04% for ε_r(ϵ_r⩾2) and 6-40×10^-6 for tan δ(10^-4⩽tan δ⩽10^-3 )     

基于矢量误差修正的实时负载牵引测量模型方法

提出了一种新型基于矢量误差修正的负载牵引测量模型方法。相比于传统负载牵引测量系统,该方法从8-term矢量误差模型入手,建立接收机与被测件端口处电压波的函数关系,通过对矢量网络分析仪进行矢量校准和对内部接收机进行一次绝对功率校准,可实时测量被测件的输入/负载反射系数,输入/输出功率及功率增益、效率等。按照模型方法搭建了相应的硬件系统,与商用Focus的类似系统进行了比较验证,实验结果表明具有良好的效果,证明了所提方法的准确性。     

火工品高频段射频阻抗测试技术?

为测量高频段火工品射频阻抗,根据火工品脚线和矢量网络分析仪的结构特点,设计了火工品专用连接夹具,实现了同轴和平行线的有效连接。并对夹具引入的测量误差进行了修正计算,建立了基于矢量网络分析仪的高频段火工品射频阻抗测试系统。利用此系统,测量了火工品1~18 GHz范围内的射频阻抗,共出现了5个谐振点,在谐振点火工品从电磁环境中吸收的能量最大,为评价火工品在电磁环境中的安全性提供了数据支撑。     

Automatic measurement of permittivity and permeability at microwavefrequencies using normal and oblique free-wave incidence with focusedbeam

A free-wave method for determining the dielectric and magnetic properties of materials from reflection measurements made at normal incidence and transmission measurements made at normal and oblique incidence is proposed. The method combines frequency domain measurements and time domain (TD) analysis and uses polarization to avoid typical ambiguities in the results. Varying the incident angle and the polarization, measurements were made in the X-band. The technique was validated by comparing the results obtained with those from well-established waveguide techniques. A focusing assembly makes it possible to measure relatively small samples, thus avoiding diffraction problems. It also improves the ambiguity-solving procedure proposed for the technique. The measurement procedure is fully automated by using the HP8510 network analyzer controlled by an HP362 computer, which also processes the data. Results for low-loss dielectrics such as teflon, nylon, and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and for microwave-absorbing materials are reported     

A PC-based real-time Hall probe automatic measurement system formagnetic fields [of SRRC magnets]

A real-time, Hall-probe automatic measurement system was developed at the Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (SRRC) for the magnetic field measurement of the “C”-type rectangular combined function bending magnet, multipole magnets, and the insertion device magnets. The sampling rate on the x-y-z table with dynamic moving speed of 15 cm/s can be up to 200 samples/s, and the precision is within ±0.01%. A PC is used as a system controller which connects instrument function cards with instruments via the PC bus and an IEEE-488 interface card. An inexpensive, stable within ±15 ppm current source is produced to supply a high-stability constant current for the Hall probe; a temperature controller maintains the Hall probe temperature within ±0.2°C. The system's software has been divided into different modules that can be connected into a network global data base. System testing has shown that the magnetic field measurement accuracy of this system is better than ±25 ppm in the static measurement     

频谱分析仪检定的测量不确定度分析

在频谱分析仪检定过程中,对其测量结果进行不确定度分析是其中必不可少的一项工作。由于频谱分析仪检定项目多,考虑到频谱分析仪主要表征的是频率参量和幅度参量,所以选取频率读数测量和输入衰减器测量进行测量不确定度评定。并以检定HP8563E频谱分析仪为例,分析了影响其测量不确定度的几个因素,同时针对具体的数据进行了详细的分析,能够对从事频谱分析仪检定工作的计量人员提供帮助。     

Calibration of an Arbitrary Six-Port Junction for Measurement of Active and Passive Circuit Parameters

It has been recently recognized that an arbitrary six-port junction, four arms of which are terminated in power meters, can be calibrated to measure the circuit parameters, v, i, z, a, b, ?, etc., in addition to power. Because this scheme eliminates the need for frequency conversion, it provides a substantially simplified approach to the design of an automatic network analyzer. This paper outlines a calibration procedure for the six-port which is only slightly more complicated than that in use for existing automated measurement systems.     

An automatic tracking system for phase-noise measurement

A low cost, automatic tracking system for phase noise measurement has been implemented successfully. The tracking system is accomplished by applying a charge pump phase-locked loop as an external reference source to a digital spectrum analyzer. Measurement of a 2.5 GHz, free-running, voltage-controlled oscillator demonstrated the tracking accuracy, thus verifying the feasibility of the system.     

利用矢量网络分析仪单端口校准误差项提取二端口网络的S参数

提出了一种利用矢量网络分析仪单端口校准误差项提取互易二端口网络S参数的方法。该方法要求在不同的参考平面上分别进行两次单端口校准,然后利用两次单端口校准的误差项求解二端口网络的S参数,通过实验验证该方法的正确性。该方法可应用于负载牵引和噪声参数测量过程中阻抗调配网络的S参数提取。     

嵌入式石英晶体网络分析仪的设计和实现

石英晶体元件参数测旦的原理以及一种测量频率可达200MHz的嵌入式石英晶体网络分析仪的原理和设计，并利用GPS(全球定位系统)高精度的授时信号作为频率校准信号，     

基于GPIB总线的HP8563E型频谱分析仪检定系统

文中介绍了一种频谱分析仪的全自动检定系统,通过GPIB总线接口将所有测试仪器连成一体,使用LABVIEW和VC＋＋开发系统的软件,通过PC机进行控制,实现了对HP8563E型频谱分析仪的全自动检定。     

一种使用矢量网络分析仪的阻抗测量改进方法

基于反射法理论提出了一种使用矢量网络分析仪测量集总参数元件阻抗的方法,引入阻抗匹配电路,拓宽了矢量网络分析仪的阻抗测量范围.通过对匹配电路二端口网络模型中参量A的分析,给出相应的被测元件的阻抗计算式,消除了夹具对测量结果的影响.采用矢量网络分析仪直接测量法和该阻抗测量法分别测量了5种不同阻值的金属膜电阻,结果表明,该阻抗测量方法的测量精度高于矢量网络分析仪直接测量的精度,可在30 kHz～100 MHz频率范围内实现几欧至千欧阻抗的精确测量.     

基于扫频技术的乐甫波器件测试系统

介绍了乐甫波器件的结构,设计制作了乐甫波器件,给出了乐甫器件的制作参数,搭建了基于扫频技术的测试系统,包括信号源模块、信号采集模块、微控制器模块等.通过DDS芯片AD9912在一定频率范围内,以一定频率间隔扫频输出高频正弦激励信号,利用AD8302芯片测量扫频范围内每一频率点的器件输入激励信号与输出响应信号幅值比,描绘出幅频特性曲线,并给出器件谐振频率.该测试系统的测量结果与网络分析仪基本一致,实现了网络分析仪的扫频功能.     

An improved technique for permittivity measurements using a coaxialprobe

An enhanced model for an open-ended coaxial probe used for making permittivity measurements is presented. A permittivity measurement system consisting of the coaxial probe and a network analyzer is described including details of the error correction and curve fitting techniques. Determination of the percent dissolved solids in fructose solutions from permittivity measurements is presented as example of the usefulness of the coaxial probe/network analyzer measurement system