多种形态聚丙烯酰胺在胜利油田开发中的应用

聚丙烯酰胺在胜利油田开发中起着重要作用.它能与交联剂发生交联反应,从而增强其应用性能.聚丙烯酰胺产品,主要有水溶液、胶乳、干粉、"油包水"乳液、"水包水"乳液5种.水溶液及胶乳形态的聚丙烯酰胺产品现已停.介绍了干粉形态聚丙烯酰胺的溶解装置.孤岛渤19试验区使用干粉形态聚丙烯酰胺进行交联聚合物调驱;"油包水"聚丙烯酰胺乳...     

聚合物驱

1.聚合物聚丙烯酰胺是最常用的 EOR聚合物,它们比较便宜并能在淡水中产生较高的粘度。目前国外常用的聚丙烯酰胺产品有 DowPusher500、700、1000,Cyanatrol 920、930、940、960,Bet2 Hi Vis 等。生物聚合物是另一类 EOR 聚合物。Pfizer 公司的 Flocon 4800、     

聚丙烯酰胺聚合物提高采收率的原理及应用前景

聚丙烯酰胺聚合物是常用的驱油剂,其成本低廉、效果良好,因此被广泛应用于各大油田,并且发挥了很好的效果。在油田中应用聚丙烯酰胺聚合物可以有效开发水驱剩余油,使得原油采收率提高,极大地提高了油田的经济效益。论述了聚丙烯酰胺聚合物的理化性质,分析了提高其采收率的原理,最后展望聚丙烯酰胺聚合物的应用前景。     

大庆开发成功超高相对分子质量聚丙烯酰胺

大庆油田成功开发了超高相对分子质量聚丙烯酰胺生产工艺,目前在大庆石油化工总厂聚丙烯酰胺装置全面投入使用。超高相对分子质量聚丙烯酰胺具有溶解性好、残余粘度高、稳定性好等特点,尤其是在油田配制溶液过程中,其耐盐性和抗剪性能明显优于普通的聚丙烯酰胺产品,而且配制相同粘度的聚丙烯酰胺水溶液,其相对分子质量越高用量就越少。使用超高相对分子质量聚丙烯酰胺产品,可使在减少聚合物用量１２％的情况下,仍可大幅度提高原油采收率。随着油田开发进程的不断深入,油田对相对分子质量在１－７×１０７以上的超高相对分子质量聚丙…     

可提高注入量的聚合物注水方法

关于提高油井产量的碱水注入工艺,这种方法是向井内注入含碱聚合物溶液。这种聚合物水解液粘度增加,注入井内的聚合物水解度低于15%。这种水溶液含有100～5000ppm的聚合物和100～5000ppm 的碱。这样的溶液能改进注入能力并提高驱油效率。最可取的做法是注入水解度多为5%～10%的聚合物。这种聚合物最好是聚丙烯酰胺(例如:聚丙烯酰胺的均聚物、聚甲级丙烯酰胺的均聚物,或丙烯酰胺和以甲级丙烯酰胺、N—烷基取代的丙烯酰胺、烷基丙烯酸盐及丙烯酸组成这组物质中选择一个单体的共聚物)。聚丙烯酰胺聚合物与某些试剂的水溶液混合,以便增加其在储油层中的粘度。这种聚合物溶液在储层中的驱油效果要比不含这种聚合物溶液好得多。使用聚丙烯酰胺的一个问题是:它们大大降低了注入油层中的注入率。这样低的注入率降低了采油速度,增加了资金回收期。     

大庆炼化:特色产品走出国门

<正>近年来,大庆炼化依托自身技术优势和独特产品结构,不断发挥特色化工产品优势,不断延伸产品价值链,提升经济效益。日前,大庆炼化聚丙烯酰胺产品出口蒙古国,已完成前两批82吨产品销售手续的办理。这标志着该产品成功进入蒙古国市场,并将逐渐扩大聚丙烯酰胺蒙古出口市场销量。聚丙烯酰胺产品是公司的特色产品。作为全国最大的聚合物生产基地,公司现有年15万吨产能,能够生产均聚、共聚和抗盐系列产品,逐渐形成了具有独立     

极性聚合物聚丙烯酰胺的溶解Ⅰ

本文研究了极性聚合物聚丙烯酰胺的溶解。用电导法测定聚丙烯酰胺的溶解速度(?),用针入法测定溶胀表面层的厚度δ和溶胀速度(?),得到直接反映聚丙烯酰胺溶解的动力学方程:2(?)+(?)=(?)/δ,式中(?)为溶剂在聚合物中的平均扩散系数。测定聚丙烯酰胺溶解活化能和水在聚丙烯酰胺里的扩散活化能为6 kcal/mol。     

马岭低渗透高含盐油藏聚合物驱油试验

在对国产黄孢胶和聚丙烯酰胺进行综合评价的基础上,选择低水解度水溶胶聚丙烯酰胺配制聚合物驱油剂,在马岭低渗透和高矿化度油藏进行聚合物驱替试验研究。试验结果表明,将10%水解度的聚丙烯酰胺与化学稳定剂联合应用,可使聚丙烯酰胺的抗盐性能和热稳定性能符合马岭油藏驱油需要。通过对马岭油藏聚合物驱油物理模拟和数值模拟研究,确定了最佳聚合物注入参数,并在马岭中区实施了单井试注。     

聚丙烯酰胺驱油

聚丙烯酰胺正广泛地用于聚合物驱油现场试验。本文介绍了聚合物驱油机理及聚丙烯酰胺浓度、分子量和水解度,盐的浓度和类型,地层类型和渗透率、温度、原油性质、流速和段塞尺寸对聚丙烯酰胺驱油效率的影响。     

最新专利文摘

<正>一种丙烯酰胺聚合物及其制备方法和应用该专利涉及一种丙烯酰胺聚合物及其制备方法和应用。具体步骤如下:在惰性气体保护下,将含丙烯酰胺的单体水溶液与引发剂接触,聚合初始温度为-10~15℃,聚合时间为4~15 h,聚合过程中的最高温度与最低温度的温差为10Φ50℃。采用该专利方法制备的聚丙烯酰胺聚合物的产品性能大幅优于现有产品。(中国石油化工股份有限公司;中国石油化工股份有限公司北京化工研究院)/CN103864986 A,2014—06-18     

胶态分散凝胶驱油技术的研究与进展

本文详细介绍了新型凝胶驱油技术及其在油田的应用。通过与常规聚合物驱油技术和堵水技术的对比，论述了该方法优于现有驱油方法的特点；针对胶态分散凝胶的特殊结构，逐一讨论了现有的各种交联剂体系制备胶态分散凝胶的方法。该项技术已有２９例先导试验，成功率为６６％。     

阳离子化聚丙烯酰胺的合成及絮凝性能研究

在不同的反应条件下使环氧氯丙烷加成在聚丙烯酰胺的酰胺基上（曼尼希反应）然后在一定反应条件下用三甲胺使加成物季铵化,得到了不同阳离子度（ＣＤ）的一系列阳离子化聚丙烯酰胺（ＣＰＡＭ）并对其絮凝剂性能进行了评定,考察了ＣＤ值与絮凝性能之间的关系。     

Quantitative characterization of polyacrylamide–shale interaction under various saline conditions

Interaction of polymer-containing injected fluids with shale is a widely studied phenomenon, but much is still unknown about the interaction of charged polyacrylamides such as anionic and cationic polyacrylamides with shale. The nature of interaction of charged polyacrylamides with shale is not well understood, especially from the perspective of assessing the potential for polyacrylamides to cause formation damage. Zeta potential and rheological measurements were made for Chattanooga and Pride Mountain shales suspended in polyacrylamide solutions with and without inorganic salts and tetramethyl ammonium chloride (TMAC). The change in zeta potential and viscosity with time was recorded. The magnitude of decrease in the absolute value of zeta potential with time is indicative of adsorption of polymer on the surface of shale and serves as a measure of the extent of polymer interaction with shale. The salts that were used in this study are potassium chloride (KCl), sodium chloride (NaCl). This study quantified the interaction of anionic and cationic polyacrylamide with different North American shales. From the experimental results, it was determined that the polyacrylamides can interact strongly with shale, particularly the cationic polyacrylamide. The objective of this study was to determine the extent of interaction of anionic and cationic polyacrylamide with each shale sample in the presence of additives such as salts.     

聚丙烯酰胺浓度测量方法综述

本文综述了１１类测量ＨＰＡＭ浓度的方法，讨论了每一种方法的原理、特点、干扰因素和应用范围。     

阳离子聚合物AEE用作防膨抑砂剂的研究

在催化剂作用下使丙烯酰胺聚合并同时以环氧氯丙烷与二乙胺的加成物为季铵化剂进行季铵盐化反应，得到了阳离子化聚丙烯酰胺AEE。介绍了合成条件，制得了4种原料摩尔比的聚合物AEE，用离心法和页岩膨胀仪法测定的4种AEE的1％溶液对膨润土和岩心粉压片的防膨率均大于80％，用水冲填砂管法测定的1％AEE溶液的抑砂性能十分优良。胜利东辛油田已使用10％AEE溶液作为防膨抑砂剂进行出砂油井防砂施工91井次，有效率88．2％。介绍了AEE防砂施工特点和2口井防砂施工情况和结果。     

One Factor Influencing the Oil-displacement Ability of Polymer Flooding: Apparent Viscosity or Effective Viscosity in Porous Media?

Abstract

Polymer flooding has been an important process to enhance oil recovery (EOR) worldwide. In practice, partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamides (HPAMs) have many defects including shear degradation and sensitivity to salt. For these reasons, hydrophobically associating polyacrylamides (HAPAMs) have been developed for harsh oil reservoirs. In this work, the properties of two classes of polymers (HPAMs and HAPAMs), including apparent viscosities, effective viscosities in porous media, and oil-displacement efficiencies, are studied. As expected, HAPAM exhibits apparent viscosity enhancement properties due to intermolecular hydrophobic association while HPAM cannot. However, the effective viscosity of HAPAM is always lower than HPAM possibly because of adsorption loss and the reduction in strength of the hydrophobic association through porous media. The tertiary oil recovery increases with the increment of the effective viscosity of polymer. Oil-displacement efficiency of HAPAM is also lower than HPAM at the same concentration of 2,000 mg/L.     

幂律流体在内管做轴向往复运动的偏心环空中非定常流的流量计算

建立了双极坐标系下幂律流体在内管做轴向往复运动的偏心环空中非定常流的控制方程、初始条件和边界条件方程,给出了瞬时流量和时间平均流量的计算公式,并介绍了幂律流体在内管做轴向往复运动的偏心环空中非定常流的流量计算方法。利用不同质量浓度的部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM)水溶液,对在内管做轴向往复运动的偏心环空中的非定常流进行了实验,把由控制方程、初始条件和边界条件方程以及时间平均流量公式数值计算而得的平均流量与实验测得的平均流量进行了对比。结果表明,文中建立的控制方程、初始条件和边界条件方程、流量公式以及数值计算流量的方法都是正确的。     

CURRENT COLLOIDAL DISPERSION GELS ARE NOT SUPERIOR TO POLYMER FLOODING

1The ControversyA recent publication summarized some of the pilot and com-mercial-scale field activities on polymer flooding and ASP floodingthat were performed in China[1,2]·Unquestionably,polymer floodingand ASP flooding can be effective oil-recovery processes and havegreat potential·Unfortunately,the paper also advocated a contro-versial technology(flooding with aqueous colloidal dispersion gels)as being superior to polymer flooding·This claim is misleading andgenerally incorrect·Be…     

Performance evaluation of oil displacing agents for primary-minor layers of the Daqing Oilfi eld

A series of experiments were conducted to investigate the molecular coil dimension(D_h) and molecular configuration of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamides(HPAM),surfactant/HPAM system, and a living polymer.Compatibility between the polymer coils and the porous media was evaluated by instrumental analysis and laboratory simulation methods.Meanwhile,the performance of chemical flooding was investigated.Results indicated that the D_h decreased with an increase in water salinity and increased with an increase in polymer concentration.In aqueous solution,the polymer presented three-dimensional reticular configuration and exhibited a fractal structure characterized by self-similarity. The polymer in the surfactant/HPAM system was mainly in the form of"surfactant-polymer"complex compound and the living polymer had an irregular"flaky-reticular"configuration which resulted in relatively poor compatibility between the molecular coils and the porous media.The type of oil displacing agent and its slug size influenced the incremental oil recovery.For the same oil displacing agent,a larger slug size would lead to a better chemical flooding response.Given the final recovery efficiency and economic benefits,high-concentration polymer flooding was selected as the optimimal enhanced oil recovery(EOR) technique and the incremental recovery efficiency was forecast to be 20%.     

三元磺化改性聚丙烯酰胺性能及驱油效果研究

针对高温高盐条件下部分水解聚丙烯酰胺增黏能力下降的问题,采用偶氮-氧化还原剂复合引发体系合成了三元磺化改性聚丙烯酰胺,并对其进行结构表征、性能评价和驱油效果研究。研究结果表明,三元磺化改性聚丙烯酰胺分子呈长链结构,其链间相互接触、相互缠绕,构成无规则的空间立体网状结构。与部分水解聚丙烯酰胺和梳型聚合物相比较,三元磺化改性聚丙烯酰胺黏度较大,耐温、抗盐性、稳定性和黏弹性更好;三元磺化改性聚丙烯酰胺阻力系数和残余阻力系数最大,其次是梳型聚合物,部分水解聚丙烯酰胺阻力系数和残余阻力系数最小;三元磺化改性聚丙烯酰胺驱油效果最好,其次是梳型聚合物,部分水解聚丙烯酰胺驱油效果最差。随聚合物浓度降低、温度升高和矿化度升高,三元磺化改性聚丙烯酰胺化学驱采收率增幅降低。将研究成果应用于胜利油田F30区块13口采油井,采油井日产油增至5.2 t/d,含水降至90.4%,平均单井累计增油为685.3 t。研究内容对提高聚合物驱经济效益、指导矿场实践具有重要意义。