高温无铅仿古金属光泽釉的研制

以高岭土、长石、石英、磷酸钙、氧化锌、氧化铁等原料制备高温无铅仿古金属光泽釉。主要研究了釉料配方组成及烧成制度对釉面效果的影响。结果表明:当在基础釉中添加(wt.%)磷酸钙25,氧化锌2,氧化铁20,在烧成温度为1260℃、保温20min条件下,可获得釉面效果良好的红色仿古金属光泽釉。采用XRD、SEM等现代测试方法对釉层的显微结构和物相组成进行表征,揭示了釉面的呈色效果与配方组成和显微结构之间的关系。     

银灰色无铅金属光泽釉的研制

采用长石、石英、氧化铝和方解石等普通陶瓷原料及磷酸铝、氧化铁、脆丸素制备银灰色无铅金属光泽釉.主要研究了釉料配方组成及烧成制度对釉面效果的影响.结果表明:当在基础釉中加入磷酸铝11％～15％(质量百分数、下同),氧化铁2.3％～3.5％,脆丸素30％～35％,在烧成温度为1230℃、保温20min条件下,可获得光泽效果良好的银灰色金属光泽釉.     

无光豹纹花釉的研制

笔者对无光豹纹花釉的配方及烧成制度进行了研究。在底釉配方中添加氧化铁、氧化锌等搅动釉面出现自然窑变纹路效果,面釉施普通的光泽颜色釉,在合适的烧成条件下呈现无光豹纹花釉。研究烧成温度,保温温度、保温时间等对釉面效果的影响等,得出最佳效果为:底釉中氧化铁添加量为6%~8%、氧化锌添加量为2%~4%,采用梭式窑氧化气氛烧成,最高烧成温度为1 290℃,二次保温温度为1 130~1 150℃,保温时间为60min。     

户县麦饭石在金属光泽釉中应用的研究

在金属光泽釉配方基础上,制作了4组户县麦饭石添量为0%,5%,10%,15%的金属光泽釉试样,在950℃温度环境下烧成。结果显示,釉面颜色随着麦饭石添加量的增加釉面铜红色由浓变淡,釉面硬度随麦饭石添量的增加逐步升高。添加10%麦饭石的釉面效果较好,为最佳添量试样,可以减少10%的工业化学品用量,降低了生产成本。釉面硬度增大,提高了金属光泽釉的使用价值,增加了装饰效果,为户县麦饭石拓宽了应用范围。     

熔剂和保温时间对仿金属光泽釉的影响

以CuO、V_2O_5和MnCO_3为着色剂制备仿金属光泽釉。考察熔剂组成如钾长石,锂云母和铅丹及保温时间对仿金属光泽釉面效果的影响。实验结果表明:当锂云母为1wt%,钾长石40wt%和铅丹为18wt%,在1 250℃保温25min时,制得一种釉面呈现较强金属光泽效果的仿金属光泽釉。     

无铅绿色金属光泽釉的研制

以钾长石、高岭土、石英、氧化锌、硼砂、方解石、玻璃粉为无铅基础釉原料,CuO、MnO2、TiO2、V2O5为着色剂,采用单因素和正交实验方法,研制出一种无铅绿色金属光泽釉。主要考察了配方组成、工艺条件和烧成制度对绿金属光泽釉的影响,并用X射线衍射(XRD)确定了釉面析出晶体的种类,扫描电镜(SEM)观察了釉面的显微形貌,差热-失重分析(DTA-TG)研究了釉料的反应过程。结果表明:CuMn2O4尖晶石是在1100℃急冷后析出的,粒径为1～2μm,并与釉面平行排列,赋予釉面较好的绿色金属光泽效果;其烧成范围为1230～1270℃,总失重为6%、理论上适合快速烧成;最佳施釉厚度为0.4～0.8 mm。     

烧结法金属光泽釉的研究

本文扼要介绍了烧结法金属光泽釉墙砖的研究,讨论了基础釉、烧成温度对金属光泽釉面的形响,并对金属光泽釉墙砖的市场前景进行了预测。     

CuO-MnO-V_2O_5-Fe_2O_3-TiO_2仿金属光泽釉的制备

采用生料铅釉作为基础釉,通过加入着色剂(即金属氧化物)CuO-MnO-V_2O_5-Fe_2O_3-TiO_2来制仿金金属光泽釉。考察了不同金属氧化物含量对釉面金属光泽效果的影响。实验结果表明:当金属氧化物含量(wt%)为CuO 3%、MnCO_3 8%、V_2O_5 1%、Fe_2O_3 0.5%和TiO_2 0.5%时,在1250℃下保温20~30 min,并在750℃快速冷却时釉面呈现很强的金属光泽效果。利用XRD对釉层进行分析,随着外加V_2O_5、Fe_2O_3和TiO_2氧化物的加入,促使了CuMn_2O_4尖晶石的进一步析出,使光产生更强的选择性反射,从而釉面的仿金属光泽进一步加强。同时,釉面具有良好的坯釉结合性和高的釉面硬度705.9 kg/mm~2。     

低温快烧金光釉的研制

作者以正交试验法研究探讨了多种金属氧化物对金光釉产生金属光泽及釉面质量的影响，采用快速烧成的工艺探索了金光釉快速烧成的可行性，并在氧化还原不同的气氛下验证了金光釉对气氛的适应性，从理论上分析了金光釉产生金属光泽的机理。     

仿银金属光泽釉的研制

实验利用钾长石、铅丹、石英、石灰石等原料为基础釉,通过外加着色剂氧化钛、氧化钒等金属氧化物,经过1200～1260℃下一次烧成,该釉面呈现银色金属光泽效果。采用单因素实验法系统的考察了配方组成和工艺条件对釉面质量的影响。     

氢气纯度分析方法准确性的探讨

ONACCURACYOFANALYSISOFOFHYDROGEN1前言我公司目前应用的氢气纯度分析方法有两种,一种是爆炸反应法,另一种是焦性没食子酸吸收法。几年来,人们对两种分析方法的准确性曾有过褒贬不一的评论。这里我们也谈谈自己粗浅的观点。2爆炸法测定氢气纯度一定量的氢气样品与适量的空气之均匀混合物因反应后生成液体水而引起气体体积减少,减少的体积等于参加反应气体体积之和。其中l／3为氧气,2／3为氢气。根据氢气取样量和反应前后混气体体积之差,以及氢气在反应中的体积比例关系,可计算出样品的氢气纯度。计算公式式中：A一混…     

COMPARISON OF METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF GYPSUM1

The different analytical methods proposed for the evaluation of gypsum have been subjected to an experimental test. A combination method, consisting of a fusion with KHCO₃ and determination of CaO by KMnO₄ titration, the SO₃ by Andrews method of titration of BaCrO₄ has been found to give very reliable results with the least consumption of time.     

SEDIMENTATION OF BINARY MIXTURES OF PARTICLES OF UNEQUAL DENSITIES AND OF DIFFERENT SIZES

A model is developed for the sedimentation from a suspension of two particle species of unequal densities and of different sizes. The composition and the thickness of various layers in the sediments are predicted using graphical and analytical methods. The model predictions were in excellent agreement with experimental results, when the particle size ratio was ≥ 108. When size ratio of the particles was 2.60 and 4.31 the agreement occurred in about 50 percent of the cases.     

HEASUREHENT OF INSTANTANEOUS RATES OF LOSS OF VOIATILE COMPOUNDS DURING DRYING OF DROPS

A novel technique serves to monitor instantaneous rates of loss of a volatile solute from a suspended drop during drying. A highly sensitive electron capture detector is used to monitor concentrations of SF6 released into a flowing gas stream from a suspended, drying drop. Simultaneously, the appearance and morphological development of the drop are monitored with a video camera. This provides the wherewithal of relating instantaneous rates of loss of the volatile solute to particular events during the development of particle morphology.

Initial experiments have been carried out with drops of aqueous solutions of glucose, sucrose, maltodextrin and coffee extract. The results clearly display the onset of the volatiles-retentive selective diffusion phenomenon. There is also substantial loss of the volatile component later in the drying process, when the drops undergo repeated ex ansion, bursting and cratering due to the formation of internaf bubbles. These experiments appear to be the first quantitative demonstration of major losses accompanying changes in drop morphology.     

茶多酚提取方法进展

本文综述了国内外现有茶多酚提取方法的现状以及近期的研究进展，并对其优缺点进行了评价。这将有助于中低档茶的综合利用和茶多酚的进一步开发应用。     

几种针状焦性能对比

针状焦分石油系和煤系两大类,这主要取决于针状焦的原料来源。在同一系列中由于原料不同和工艺条件不同 ,针状焦的各自性能也不相同。针状焦是生产超高功率石墨电极和高功率石墨电极的主要原料 ,针状焦的性能对石墨电极的质量有至关重要的影响。所以对针状焦性能以及其对石墨电极质量影响的研究十分必要的。以下是常用的几种进口针状焦和国产针状焦的性能对比。１原料性能分析对比原料试样包括４种针状焦 ,其中两种为进口针状焦：三菱针状焦和新日化针状焦;另两种为国产针状焦：鞍山针状焦和锦州针状焦。其中除锦州针状焦是石油系针状焦外…     

ANALYSIS OF RECENT MEASUREMENTS OF THE VISCOSITY OF GLASSES

Viscosity of Simple Soda-Silicate 500° to 1400°C Comparison of the results given by English with those of Washburn, Shelton and Libman, indicates a discrepancy in the absolute values of log₁₀ viscosity amounting to 0.6, those of Washburn et al., being relatively too high. If correction for this is made, the isothermal curves of log₁₀ viscosity as a function of soda content are smooth up to 50% Na₂O, showing no inflection. The observations as a function of temperature T are all represented within accidental error by an equation of the type where all three constants vary regularly with the composition. Change of Viscosity of Glass (6SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to Molecular Substitution of CaO, MgO and Al₂O₃ for Na₂O The effect is clearly brought out by plotting (from the results of English) the change of log₁₀η due to the substitution as a function of temperature. The curves each show a sharp bend at a temperature between 840° and 1050°C, which is designated the aggregation temperature T_a. If we divide these curves by the corresponding percentage substituted, we get curves for each oxide which are straight and parallel below the aggregation temperatures, the slopes (increase of change of log₁₀η per 100°C) being −0.056 (CaO), −0.055 (MgO), −0.018 (A1₂O₃) per per cent oxide substituted. For substitution of 1/2 molecule the slopes are −0.325 (CaO), −0.23 (MgO) and −0.18 (Al₂O₃) per 100°. At the aggregation temperature the change of log₁₀η per per cent is a minimum, 0.03 to 0.06 for CaO, 0.12 for MgO, 0.07 for Al₂O₃. Evidence of Aggregation in Glasses, from viscosity Measurements The sharp bends in the plots of change of log₁₀η due to substitution of an oxide for Na₂O, suggest the beginning of molecular aggregation at these temperatures. These aggregation temperatures are close to the devitrification temperatures, but the effect on the viscosity curves cannot be due to actual devitrification since it does not change with time. Taking the aggregation temperatures as equal to devitrification temperatures, additional isotherms are roughly sketched into the equilibrium triangle of the system Na₂O-CaO-SiO₂. Change of Viscosity of Glass (4SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to of Substitution of B₂O₃ for SiO₂ The change of log₁₀η (from the results of English) is plotted as a function of temperature, and also the change of log₁₀η per per cent B₂O₃. The curves are more complex than for the substitution for Na₂O.     

环氧树脂羟基值测定方法的研究

利用乙酸酐、吡啶和浓硫酸混合的乙酰化试剂测定环氧树脂中羟基值含量的方法具有操作简便、滴定终点明显和分析结果误差小等优点。     

骑式摩托车油箱喷涂工艺的改进

面对日益激烈的市场竞争,摩托车油箱外观质量越来越成为影响销售的因素之一。文章介绍了改进工艺后的油箱涂装,该涂装体系提高了油箱外观的丰满度,降低了油箱涂装的生产成本。     

聚酰亚胺的合成法

本文评述了缩聚型聚酰亚胺的主要合成方法和近年来国际上在合成中所做的探索。