14．8tex麻浆纤维赛络纺纱实践

通过对14.8 tex纯纺麻浆纤维赛络纺纱的实践, 探讨了赛络纺麻浆纤维各工序工艺配置及应注意的问题.结果表明: 开清棉、梳棉、并条、粗纱、细纱和络简工序的工艺优化配置, 赛络纺纺出纱线的成纱质量远优于环锭纱的成纱质量, 用其织成的面料抗起球性能高, 抗摩擦性能好, 手感柔软, 服用性能佳.     

错位纺对赛络纱质量的影响

探讨错位纺对赛络纱质量的影响。分析阐述了错位纺的原理和特点以及在赛络纺应用错位纺进一步改进成纱质量的必要性。在R 18.5tex、R 14.8tex两个赛络纺针织纱品种上进行了不同错位方向的纺纱质量对比试验,并对粗纱定量、后区牵伸倍数、喇叭口中心距、前胶辊前冲量等工艺参数进行了试验分析,得出了错位赛络纺较优工艺参数配置。认为:错位纺改变了加捻三角区的形状,特别是Z捻左斜,使赛络纺左侧须条加捻距离缩短,增强了捻回传递效果,有效控制了单股纺纱现象;同时改变了成纱结构和性质,对成纱条干、毛羽、强力和断头率都等有一定的改善作用。与常规赛络纺纱方法相比,错位赛络纺无论是左斜或右斜,对成纱质量都有所改善。     

莱赛尔三粗纱赛络纱的纺制

探讨莱赛尔三粗纱赛络纱的纺纱工艺。借鉴缆形纺和赛络纺的优点,提出了三粗纱复合赛络纺纱方法,从粗纱喂入方式、捻度配置、加捻三角区形态等方面分析了其技术特点。通过合理配置纺纱工艺,成功纺制出莱赛尔14.8tex三粗纱赛络针织纱,并与普通赛络纱进行了质量对比测试。结果表明:与普通赛络纺相比,三粗纱赛络纺能够进一步改善成纱质量,提高纱的可织性、织物的耐磨性和抗起毛起球性能。认为:该纺纱方法可进一步提高赛络纱的技术含量和产品附加值。     

再生纤维素纤维纺制赛络集聚纱的工艺实践

探讨再生纤维素纤维纺制赛络集聚纱的工艺措施。以粘胶、竹浆、莫代尔三种纤维纺制14.8tex赛络集聚纱为例,介绍了再生纤维素纤维的特性及纺纱工艺流程,着重论述了各纺纱工序的工艺原则、纺专器材的选用和采取的工艺措施。结果表明:再生纤维素纤维赛络集聚纱的质量指标均优于传统环锭纱。认为:合理优化纺纱工艺措施有助于再生纤维素纤维成纱质量的提高。     

JC 5.83 tex赛络纺纱工艺与成纱性能研究

探讨JC 5.83tex赛络纺纱工艺与成纱性能。阐述了赛络纺原理、纱线结构特点和纺纱工艺配置。通过正交试验,得出粗纱间距3.5mm、细纱捻系数396为较优工艺配置。成功生产的JC 5.83tex赛络纱质量、纺纱断头及织机效率均优于传统环锭纱。所生产的织物在外观、风格和内在质量方面均具有一定优势,提升了产品的附加值。认为:采用赛络纺技术是提升特细号精梳纱质量及其织物服用性能的一条有效途径,优化配置纺纱工艺是取得良好纺纱效果的关键。     

酷桑丝纤维精梳棉赛络纱的开发

文章以酷桑丝精梳棉混纺14.8 tex赛络纱为例,介绍了酷桑丝纤维的性能特点,并对混纺纱的生产实践进行了分析,探讨了工艺流程设计和开清棉、梳棉、并条、粗纱、细纱各工序的工艺设置及采取的主要技术措施.生产中各工序通过优化配置工艺参数,保证了纺纱的顺利进行,提高了成纱质量.     

赛络纺喇叭口中心距对成纱质量的影响

通过探讨14.8 tex 65/35T/R和R14.8 tex赛络纱纺制工艺,分析赛络纺中不同喇叭口中心距对成纱质量的影响。结果表明:通过合理配置喇叭口的中心距,能够充分发挥赛络纺的优点,实现强力高、毛羽少、条干优的纱线生产。     

短流程、高效率的赛络纺生产技术——以T/R 67/33 18.45 tex为例

"短流程、高效率"纺纱生产技术正在普及与推广,前纺采用清梳联,后纺采用细络联,加之纺纱过程自动化的赛络纺生产技术,既保证了纺纱高效生产,又提高了成纱质量。本文介绍了以T/R67/33 18.45 tex纱为例、采用短流程进行赛络纺的纺纱工艺流程、产品工艺设计及提高其成纱质量的技术措施。     

棉与黑色芦荟改性粘胶混纺针织纱的生产体会

探讨棉与黑色芦荟改性粘胶混纺针织纱的生产工艺。阐述了芦荟改性粘胶纤维的活性染料染色工艺和流程,对比发现染色后纤维主体长度和强力均有所下降。通过优化纺纱工艺配置和优选纺专器材,采用环锭纺和赛络纺分别开发了棉/黑色芦荟改性粘胶70/30 14.8tex针织纱,并对成纱质量指标作了测试对比。认为:生产棉与黑色芦荟改性粘胶混纺针织纱,必须将精细化管理与工艺优化配置相结合,以保证半制品及成品的质量;赛络纺能有效提升棉与黑色芦荟改性粘胶针织纱的成纱品质。     

超大牵伸中区牵伸分配对成纱质量的影响

探讨四罗拉三区超大牵伸中区牵伸分配对纺纱质量的影响。在加装集聚纺装置的TH558型超大牵伸细纱机上分别纺制11.8tex、9.8tex、7.4tex粘胶赛络集聚纱和14.8tex、11.8tex、9.8tex莱赛尔赛络集聚纱,分析了中区牵伸分配对成纱质量的影响。结果表明:纺制赛络集聚纱中区牵伸倍数应控制在1.2倍~1.6倍间,其中纺莱赛尔纱采用1.3倍、纺粘胶纱采用1.5倍时成纱综合性能较优。认为:中区牵伸分配对超大牵伸装置的纺纱质量有着显著影响,应根据纺纱原料通过试验,优选中区牵伸倍数,以获得较优的纺纱质量。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the