Moving objects forecast in image sequences using autoregressive algorithms

The objective of this paper is to present an overall approach to forecasting the future position of the moving objects of an image sequence after processing the images previous to it. The proposed method makes use of classical techniques such as optical flow to extract objects’ trajectories and velocities, and autoregressive algorithms to build the predictive model. Our method can be used in a variety of applications, where videos with stationary cameras are used, moving objects are not deformed and change their position with time. One of these applications is traffic control, which is used in this paper as a case study with different meteorological conditions to compare with.

A deep spatio-temporal meta-learning model for urban traffic revitalization index prediction in the COVID-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic is a major global public health problem that has caused hardship to people’s normal production and life. Predicting the traffic revitalization index can provide references for city managers to formulate policies related to traffic and epidemic prevention. Previous methods have struggled to capture the complex and diverse dynamic spatio-temporal correlations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, we propose a deep spatio-temporal meta-learning model for the prediction of traffic revitalization index (DeepMeta-TRI) using external auxiliary information such as COVID-19 data. We conduct extensive experiments on a real-world dataset, and the results validate the predictive performance of DeepMeta-TRI and its effectiveness in addressing underfitting.     

基于多尺度随机模型的SAR图像无监督分割

合成孔径雷达（synthetic aperture radar,SAR）是一种基于相干原理的成像系统,在SAR图像中存在严重影响图像质量的斑点噪声,使得SAR图像的可靠分割非常困难。〖BP）〗根据SAR图像的成像机理,利用两种多尺度随机模型,即多尺度自回归（Multiscale Autoregressive,MAR）模型和多尺度自回归滑动平均（Multiscale Aautoregressive Moving Average, MARMA）模型,分别来描述同一场景不同分辨率SAR图像像素间的统计相关性,并构造了相应的多分辨混合算法实现SAR图像的无监督分割。试验结果表明,提出的两种无监督分割方法是可行的,且MARMA模型比MAR模型能够更精确地捕捉SAR图像多尺度序列中不同类型地形的统计信息,使分割质量具有明显的改进。     

A new digital image registration algorithm based on the double spatial intensity gradients using pyramids

The new mathematical model for image registration is based on the double spatial intensity gradients. For high precision, the algorithm for image registration using pyramids is presented, which has a better results with the double-gradient registration than the mono-gradient registration.     

A spatio-temporal decomposition based deep neural network for time series forecasting

Spatio-temporal problems arise in a broad range of applications, such as climate science and transportation systems. These problems are challenging because of unique spatial, short-term and long-term patterns, as well as the curse of dimensionality. In this paper, we propose a deep learning framework for spatio-temporal forecasting problems. We explicitly design the neural network architecture for capturing various types of spatial and temporal patterns, and the model is robust to missing data. In a preprocessing step, a time series decomposition method is applied to separately feed short-term, long-term and spatial patterns into different components of the neural network. A fuzzy clustering method finds clusters of neighboring time series residuals, as these contain short-term spatial patterns. The first component of the neural network consists of multi-kernel convolutional layers which are designed to extract short-term features from clusters of time series data. Each convolutional kernel receives a single cluster of input time series. The output of convolutional layers is concatenated by trends and followed by convolutional-LSTM layers to capture long-term spatial patterns. To have a robust forecasting model when faced with missing data, a pretrained denoising autoencoder reconstructs the model’s output in a fine-tuning step. In experimental results, we evaluate the performance of the proposed model for the traffic flow prediction. The results show that the proposed model outperforms baseline and state-of-the-art neural network models.     

一种基于主题模型的软件缺陷预测技术研究

软件缺陷预测通常针对代码表面特征训练预测模型并对新样本进行预测,忽视了代码背后隐藏的不同技术方面和主题,从而导致预测不准确。针对这种问题,提出了一种基于主题模型的软件缺陷预测方法。将软件代码库视为不同技术方面和主题的集合,不同的主题或技术方面有不同的缺陷倾向。采用LDA主题模型对不同主题及其缺陷倾向进行建模,根据建模结果计算主题度量,并将传统度量方式和主题度量结合进行模型训练和预测。实验结果显示,该方法相对传统的软件缺陷预测技术有高的准确性,并且可以在软件演化中保证模型相对稳定,可以适用于各种缺陷预测任务。     

A new intelligent prediction system model-the compound pyramid model

A current development trend in research on intelligent systems is to optimize a general intelligent prediction system into an individuation intelligent prediction system that is applied in specialized fields. Protein structure prediction is a challenging international issue. In this paper, we propose a new intelligent prediction system model, designed as a multi-layer compound pyramid model, for predicting secondary protein structure. The model comprises four independent intelligent interfaces and several knowledge discovery methods. The model penetrates throughout the domain knowledge, with the effective attributes chosen by Causal Cellular Automata. Furthermore, a high pure structure database is constructed for training. On the RS126 dataset, the overall state per-residue accuracy, Q3, reached 83.99%, while on the CB513 dataset, Q3 reached 85.58%. Meanwhile, on the CASP8 sequences, the results are superior to those produced by other methods, such as Psipred, Jpred, APSSP2 and BehairPred. These results confirm that our method has a strong generalization ability, and that it provides a model for the construction of other intelligent systems.     

基于趋势点状态模型的时间序列预测算法

针对传统的时间序列线性预测算法对时间序列的线性程度要求高,而非线性方法一般建模复杂且计算量大,提出了一种基于趋势点状态模型的时间序列预测算法.该算法无须考虑时间序列是否具有显著线性特征,通过序列间耦合度挖掘时间序列上的相似子序列,找出相对应的相似序列趋势点,建立趋势点状态模型并求出预测值.算法建模简单,复杂度较低.通过模拟实验,结果表明该算法性能良好,尤其对具有周期性的时间序列预测精度很高.     

基于灰预测的图象编码技术

在研究以往编码技术的基础上,根据差分编码的思想提出了一种基于灰预测的编码技术。该方法通过建立灰模型对图象中象素点的灰度值进行预测,然后对各点预测值与原始值之间的误差编码,以达到图象压缩的目的。其主要特点是:采用灰模型对象素值进行预测易于实现,可避免线性预测时对于系数的确定;另外,采用差分编码技术减少了被编码数据之间的相关性,能够更有效地提高压缩性能。通过实例验证了以上方法的有效性。     

Image sequence enhancements based on the normal component of image motion

Huang and Hsu (1981) describe an image sequence enhancement algorithm based on computing motion vectors between successive frames and using these vectors to determine the correspondence between pixels for frame averaging. In this note, we demonstrate that it may be sufficient to use only the components of the motion vectors in the gradient direction (called the normal components) to perform the enhancement.     

基于组合模型的非线性时间序列预测算法

为解决复杂系统中非线性时间序列预测模型构建效率低、预测精度低的问题,提出基于组合模型的HURST-EMD预测算法.采用EMD算法将非线性时间序列分解为代表原始序列特征的各个IMF,然后引入赫斯特(Hurst)指数将同类的IMF整合为新的分量,最后选用LS-SVR-ARIMA模型进行组合预测.在该算法中,设计了序列分类整合等过程,优化了建模的计算量,构建了高效精准的预测模型.为验证模型的有效性,采用上证指数公共数据集和真实交通流数据进行检验,实验结果表明,改进的基于组合模型的HURST-EMD预测算法在提高预测效率的同时具有更好的预测精度.     

A model of fuzzy spatio-temporal knowledge representation and reasoning based on high-level Petri nets

In many application areas there is a need to represent human-like knowledge related to spatio-temporal relations among multiple moving objects. This type of knowledge is usually imprecise, vague and fuzzy, while the reasoning about spatio-temporal relations is intuitive. In this paper we present a model of fuzzy spatio-temporal knowledge representation and reasoning based on high-level Petri nets. The model should be suitable for the design of a knowledge base for real-time, multi-agent-based intelligent systems that include expert or user human-like knowledge. The central part of the model is the knowledge representation scheme called FuSpaT, which supports the representation and reasoning for domains that include imprecise and fuzzy spatial, temporal and spatio-temporal relationships. The scheme is based on the high-level Petri nets called Petri nets with fuzzy spatio-temporal tokens (PeNeFuST). The FuSpaT scheme integrates the theory of the PeNeFuST and 117 spatio-temporal relations.The reasoning in the proposed model is a spatio-temporal data-driven process based on the dynamical properties of the scheme, i.e., the execution of the Petri nets with fuzzy spatio-temporal tokens. An illustrative example of the spatio-temporal reasoning for two agents in a simplified robot-soccer scene is given.     

A new image segmentation technique based on partition mode test

Image segmentation is one of the most important steps in a modern computerized machine vision system. This paper describes a simple, systematic one-pass image segmentation algorithm which is based on the partition mode test of pixels within a (2 × 2) window and assigning and updating label fields to the pixels of this window. A number of well chosen examples are shown to demonstrate the capabilities of the new algorithm.     

基于隐马尔科夫模型的时空序列预测方法

提出了一种基于时空密度聚类的隐马尔科夫模型对时空序列进行预测的方法。时空序列与一般的时间序列相比,最主要的特征是其时空依赖性以及时空非平稳性。针对如何有效地预测不同尺度分布的时空序列的问题,本文采用基于时空密度聚类的隐马尔科夫模型,该模型不仅能分析时空序列在时间和空间上的相关性,而且可以通过时空序列的分段有效地去除噪声,提高模型预测的精度。本文采用该模型对药品冷藏库中的时空序列温度数据进行分析预测,并与其他预测模型比较,结果显示本文提出的方法更准确有效。     

一种基于LIP的PDE图像复原新模型

以对数图像处理(LIP)数学模型为基础,结合全变分(TV)图像复原方法,提出了一种新的图像复原模型,称之为LIP_TV模型。该模型弥补了经典图像复原方法的不足,并具有与人眼视觉特征相吻合的特点。实验表明,与经典图像复原方法相比,该模型不仅复原效果更好,而且能很好地保持图像的边缘纹理特征。     

缠论和相似灰色模型的预测方法在股价拐点预测中的研究应用

针对股价拐点预测研究中拐点序列重构和振荡序列预测问题,提出一种缠论和相似灰色模型结合的预测方法。首先,在缠论基础上系统地给出序列重构的基本理论,再针对灰色理论在振荡序列中预测的不足,提出纵向残差和横向偏差相关系数与灰色理论相结合的相似灰色预测模型;然后利用纵向偏差—横向残差相关系数对历史数据进行匹配计算,得到预测误差最小的灰色模型参数,以加权求和的方式实现具有振荡特性的股价拐点预测。最后两组股价拐点预测实验表明,所归纳的序列重构理论是有效的,与其他常用灰色模型对比表明,相似灰色模型可有效提高振荡序列的预测精度。     

基于预测模型的浮选过程pH值控制

矿浆pH值是泡沫浮选过程中的一个非常重要的被控量.目前,多数选厂的矿浆pH值控制基本是依靠现场工人定期对矿浆样本进行pH值测量,凭主观经验对pH调整剂进行调整.由于操作工人的主观性和随意性的影响以及矿浆样本pH值测量与药剂调整间存在的较长的时间滞后,矿浆pH值波动频繁,很难使矿物浮选保持在一个稳定最优生产状态下运行.为了使矿浆pH值保持在一个期望的生产状态,基于浮选泡沫表面视觉信息提出了一种新的矿浆pH值控制方法,分别采用基于泡沫视觉信息的自适应遗传混合神经网络AG-HNN和自适应遗传PID(AG-PID)控制方法建立了矿浆pH值预测模型和pH值控制模型,基于所建立预测和控制模型对浮选药剂用量进行调整,解决了浮选矿浆pH值波动问题.工业浮选现场的实验结果表明该方法可以使矿浆pH值保持在一个期望的范围内,有效提高浮选性能.     

基于ARMA模型的校园网网络流量预测模型的分析与研究

该文利用短相关流量模型自回归滑动平均模型（ARMA模型）．通过对校园网网络流量数据的采集及分析处理,建立网络流量预测模型,并对流量预测模型进行分析、验证与研究。     

基于新维无偏灰色马尔可夫的交通事故预测

交通事故预测是交通安全评价、规划和决策的基础。在传统灰色预测模型和马尔可夫链理论的基础上,利用新信息优先的思想,建立了等维新息无偏灰色马尔可夫预测模型。该模型通过结合灰色预测与马尔可夫链理论的特点,用无偏灰色预测模型拟合系统的发展变化趋势,并以此为基础进行马尔可夫预测,在每一步预测中不断推陈出新,更新原始数据。以2001年—2010年全国道路交通事故死亡人数实测值作为原始数据,构建预测模型,预测其2011年—2015年事故死亡人数。结果表明：等维新息无偏灰色马尔可夫预测模型的误差更小,精度更高,尤其适合中长期预测。