基于STM32微控制器的无线水塔远程监控系统

针对目前农村集中供水实时监控自动化水平低下、人力成本较高和施工布线繁重的问题,提出基于STM32微控制器的无线水塔远程监控解决方案。根据方案进行了系统硬件和软件设计。系统以STM32F103RC微控制器作为下位机控制核心,通过Keil u Vision3集成开发环境,采用C语言设计了智能数据采集终端和智能网关MCU应用软件,实现了现场多个水塔水位信息的实时采集和水泵实时控制。整个系统采用PC机作为上位机监控中心,基于Lab VIEW 2012开发环境进行上位机监控中心数据管理软件开发,实现向下位机发送监控命令,同时对现场多个数据采集终端的采样数据进行存储、处理、显示及统计等功能。     

基于LabVIEW和AVR单片机的压力数据采集处理系统

介绍基于LabVIEW的数据采集处理系统,它利用AVR单片机进行多路数据采集,然后对采集到的模拟信号进行放大后送入AVR单片机,并将AVR单片机模拟成低速的USB设备实现AVR单片机与上位机的通讯,将AD转换后的数据通过所模拟的USB端口传至PC端,同时在LabVIEW中对采集到的数据进行实时滤波处理、显示及存储等功能。实验结果表明该系统能满足预期的目标和要求,并且在实际应用中可以大大降低成本。     

基于单片机与PC机通信的数据采集控制系统设计

设计出基于单片机与PC机通信的数据采集控制系统方法。被控对象经传感器、电压变换电路、A/D转换芯片与单片机相连,可将现场参数信息传送至单片机;单片机经继电器驱动控制被控对象运行。单片机与PC机经电平转换芯片相连,实现远程通信功能。该系统可以实时采集被控对象多种参数信息并送PC机处理,可以选择由PC机远程或单片机本地控制被控对象。     

基于计算机数据采集系统的电涡流传感器试验研究

针对电涡流传感器试验研究,采用微机数据采集技术,通过单片机与PC机的串行通信,由计算机实时地进行试验数据采集、处理和试验结果分析,并以图表的形式显示,实现了快速、准确地对电涡流传感器性能测试和应用开发.     

注射成型智能监控系统的研究

提出了用于多台注塑机智能控制的群控系统方案,用一台PC机作为上位机并用其串行通讯口与下位机(多台注塑机)通讯控制注塑机,从而实现了主机智能监控从机的功能。利用MFC、数据库技术和Visual C 的通信API函数实现PC机人机交互界面和串口通信。详细介绍了该系统的基本组成及设计时的几项关键技术。     

单片机对RS232-RS485相互通讯的硬件设计

随着数据采集系统的广泛应用,通常由单片机构成的应用系统常需要与PC机之间交换数据,实现单片机与PC机之间的通讯功能,以充分发挥PC和单片机之间的功能互补,资源共享的优势。但常用的RS-232协议在某些场合下不能满足设计的要求,如在长距离传输时,传输信号易受外界的干扰。本文设计一种硬件电路。利用RS-232和RS-485接口芯片,实现单片机与PC机之间的远程通讯。     

油田抽油机数据采集实时监控系统

随着我国经济实力得到不断提升,对于石油等自然能源的需求也随之提升,而在油田进行日常操作过程中,油田抽油机质量以及运行效率直接影响油田开采作业实效。本文首先介绍油田抽油机数据采集系统,并且根据其数据运行模式,进一步探索油田抽油机数据采集实时监控系统的硬件构成和软件设计。     

跨平台厂级网络监控软件开发与应用

介绍工业生产装置集散控制系统TDC3000、上位机DEC ALPHA服务器与厂级网络PC机之间跨平台进行实时数据通讯的方法及程序开发，实现厂级网络PC机对工业生产装置数据的实时监控和历史数据查看，取得满意的效果。     

基于单片机的传感器数据采集系统

基于C8051F060单片机内置的数模转换器设计传感器数据采集系统，应用Visual Basic程序语言进行上位机设计，接收单片机发送的数据，并进行波形还原，实现实时数据采集功能。     

基于物联网的印染废水监控系统设计

提出了一种基于物联网技术的监控系统,实现了对印染废水排放区域各项指标的精确控制。系统由ZigBee无线通信网络、控制中心及PC机等组成,可以实时地对被监测区域进行数据收集和处理。     

常用抽油机在油田中的应用分析

机采系统能耗是油田开发生产过程中主要的耗能单元之一,机采系统效率的大小直接影响到油田开发的效果,直接影响油田的经济效益。以提高地面系统效率为目标,以抽油机为主要研究对象来分析提高效率的途径,通过分析得出,双驴头抽油机相对常规游梁式抽油机,其性能优越,运行平稳,是实现节能、高效的优选机型,能够有效提高系统效率。     

用电功率判断和调整抽油机的平衡

用电流峰值判断和调整抽油机的平衡一直在广泛应用,其特点是方法简单方便,但存有误判现象,用电功率判断抽油机的平衡较电流法更准确可靠,后者较前者调整结果单井可平均节电12.5%。中原油田如果采用电功率法调整平衡,单井年平均节电约1万度,全局年节约电费1000多万元。     

Sequence length determination in poly(ethylene terephthalate)–bisphenol-A polycarbonate random copolymers by application of selective degradation

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and bisphenol-A polycarbonate (PC) are melt-mixed in equimolar ratios under various conditions to get a series of PET–PC copolymers. Samples from each copolymer are characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, ¹H and ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), and polarizing light microscopy. The lengths of the PET sequences are determined in different copolymer samples by NMR sequential analysis before and after removal of the PC segments by selective degradation. In the former case, rather unusual results are obtained, suggesting predominant alternating order of single PET and PC repeating units. After selective elimination of the PC units, however, the NMR techniques show evidence of consecutively bonded dyads or triads of PET and PC units, which corresponds to the theoretical values in random copolymers obeying the statistics of Bernoulli. Considering the ¹H-NMR and SEC results after selective elimination of the PC sequences, a possible structure of the residual PET containing segments is proposed for the first time. It is concluded that in the PET/PC copolymers studied, when sequence distribution approaches the random one, determination of the PET block lengths after elimination of the PC sequences is more reliable as compared to the cases when selective degradation is not applied. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 68: 429–440, 1998     

MicroPROVOX系统的实验数据计算机管理系统

论述在MicroPROVOX集散控制系统之上 ,建立以PC和工控软件为基础的实验数据计算机管理系统。该系统能与DCS系统进行通讯 ,收集、浏览、保存和共享 8套加氢催化剂评价试验装置的实验数据 ,并且通过多串口设备连接 18台电子秤     

超低排放燃煤机组硒的迁移转化及飞灰对其富集特性

采用微波消解法和氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法考察了9台超低排放在役机组硒迁移转化规律,探究了循环流化床（CFB）和煤粉炉（PC）机组飞灰特性差异对硒吸附能力的影响。燃烧后煤中硒几乎全部呈现挥发态,底渣中残留量极低。与浓度归一化和质量分布法相比较,相对富集系数法可以客观地评价燃煤副产物中硒的富集能力,两类机组中硒均主要富集于飞灰中。CFB较低炉膛温度和添加CaO可以降低入炉煤中硒释放比例并增强飞灰对硒的吸附能力,故其底渣和飞灰中硒的富集程度均高于PC,导致脱硫石膏中硒富集程度低于PC。飞灰对硒的吸附量随比表面积或孔容积增大而增大,但随粒径或孔径增大而减小。CFB飞灰中未燃尽碳含量高、形状不规则、表面粗糙且存在较多蜂窝状孔隙,导致其对硒的富集程度高于PC飞灰。     

Abatement of mercury emissions in the coal combustion process equipped with a Fabric Filter Baghouse

The purpose of this study was to investigate the dependence of mercury emissions on coal ranks and electric utility boilers equipped with Fabric Filter Baghouses (FF). A comparison of mercury emission rates and fly ash properties was made between a circulating Fluidized Bed Combustor (CFBC) with FF and a Pulverized Coal (PC) combustor with FF during the burning of all three ranks of American coals. The data were collected from the Environmental Protection Agency Information Collection Request (EPA ICR) and WKU ICSET’s mercury testing program. A statistical stepwise regression procedure was used to determine significant factors such as coal rank and types of boilers equipped with FF on mercury emissions during coal combustion. The higher mercury emission rates were generally found in both CFB and PC units when lignite was burned. The lower mercury emission rates were generally found in both CFB equipped with FF and PC units equipped with FF when bituminous coal was burned. There was a statistically significant lower mercury emission in the CFBC equipped with FF than that in the PC units when sub-bituminous coal was burned. Lower mercury emission rates in electric utility boilers equipped with FF are due to the active fly ash generated with a larger specific surface area and pore volume. Higher mercury emission rates observed during lignite-fired boilers may be due to their lower specific area of fly ash, which results from lower LOI, as well as the pore blockage by selenium (Se) for Texas lignite; and sodium (Na) and potassium (K) for North Dakota lignite. There is no significant mutual benefit for the mercury captured by the addition of Spray Dry Absorber (SDA) or selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) in the CFBC system.     

基于OS-ELM的游梁式抽油机系统电动机负载扭矩的在线混合建模

由于难以掌握电动机工作效率与复杂动态负载的准确关系,游梁式抽油机系统普遍存在“大马拉小车”的现象。针对这个问题,研究负载动态变化下电动机负载扭矩的建模新方法,将“驴头”悬点载荷看作系统的负载,提出了基于OS-ELM的在线混合模型。首先根据采油工作原理,建立系统各机构的机理模型;然后针对模型中的主要不确定参数--井下摩擦力,建立基于OS-ELM的在线软测量模型,首先由历史生产数据离线训练得到初始结构,其次采用滑动窗口方法指导模型的在线更新。通过研究,井下摩擦力不再是依赖主观经验给定的定值,而是跟随系统变化的动态值,这更加符合实际生产工况。由一口生产井进行实例验证,仿真结果表明本文所提出方法是合理有效的。     

Preparation of amphoteric polycarboxylate superplasticizers and their performances in cementitious system

A series of amphoteric polycarboxylate (PC) polymers were synthesized by radical copolymerization of acrylic acid (AA), [3‐(methacryloylamino) propyl] trimethylammonium chloride (MAPTAC) and ω‐methoxypolyoxyethylene methacrylate ester (MPEGMA). Cationic groups were introduced in to PC molecules with expectation of less retardation effect on cement hydration compared to the traditional anionic PC superplasticizers. The content of cationic groups in polymer was varied by changing the monomer ratio of MAPTAC to AA in the synthesis recipes. The structure of the synthesized amphoteric PCs was verified by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The performances of the amphoteric PCs were evaluated by measurement of flowability and zeta‐potential of cement pastes and adsorption amount of PC in cement pastes. Impacts of the PCs on cement hydration were studied by isothermal calorimetry. It is concluded that both anionic and cationic PC polymers can be effectively adsorbed onto the surface of cement particles and thus change the zeta potential of cement pastes. The adsorption amounts of the amphoteric PCs decrease with increasing content of cationic units. A proper incorporation of cationic units into PC polymers may lead to a higher fluidizing performance in fresh cement pastes. The amphoteric PC polymers with higher content of cationic units show less retardation effect on cement hydration and hence higher early strength of cementitious materials may be achieved by using amphoteric PCs with appropriated content of cationic units without losing their plasticizing efficiency. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41348.     

基于STC单片机的抽油机便携式工况分析仪

以STC12C5A系列单片机为核心设计了一个抽油机便携式工况分析仪,给出了硬件电路设计和软件设计。分析仪通过电压和电流互感器采集抽油机电参数,通过红外光电反射式传感器采集抽油机电机转速,将采集到的数据通过曲线的形式在液晶屏显示并保存到分析仪的存储器上。同时分析仪通过计算给出平衡调整建议。此外,分析仪还可以通过串口与PC实现数据通信,把采集到的数据传输到上位机上。     

Flame retardancy of a polycarbonate–polydimethylsiloxane block copolymer: The effect of the dimethylsiloxane block size

This report describes the flame retardancy of a polycarbonate (PC)–polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) block copolymer with a dimethylsiloxane (DMS) block size of 15–350 units, and the effects of the block size and amount of DMS on the flame retardancy are studied. PC–PDMS block copolymers with DMS units of 40–130 had high limiting oxygen index values with 1.0 wt % PDMS. The PDMS block size influenced the PDMS dispersibility in PC, and a moderate PDMS dispersion (ca. 50 nm) caused high flame retardancy for PC. These PC–PDMS block copolymers could form a lot of fine bubbles in the role of good thermal insulators through the reaction of PC and PDMS in combustion. Furthermore, the silica particles from PDMS remained mostly on the surface of the char, so the amount of char with high oxidation resistance increased. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 565–575, 2006