筒形件强力反旋的数值模拟及旋压力分析

以大型非线性有限元软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA为分析平台,通过对18种几何尺寸和参数不同的筒形件三旋轮强力反旋旋压过程的三维动态模拟,得到了它们的旋压力以及旋压力随不同减薄率,旋轮进给量,旋轮圆角半径,旋轮成形角,旋轮直径和毛坯内径的变化曲线.分析结果表明:随着减薄率、旋轮进给量、旋轮圆角半径的增加,旋压力各分力基本呈上升趋势.随着旋轮成形角、旋轮直径和毛坯内径的增加,旋压力各分力均呈非线性变化,但变化均不大.总之,减薄率、旋轮进给量、旋轮圆角半径对旋压力的影响较明显,而旋轮成形角、旋轮直径和毛坯内径对旋压力的影响较小.另外,随着上述各影响因素的变化,旋压力的轴向分力、切向分力与径向分力的比值基本保持不变.     

钛合金薄壁壳体强旋热力耦合有限元分析

钛合金薄壁壳体强力热旋是一个多因素耦合作用下的复杂成形过程.合理的有限元模型建立是获得该成形过程中温度场、应力场和应变场等信息的关键,从而为揭示其成形机理、合理选择工艺参数和提高成形质量提供依据.在合理地施加温度边界条件模拟外加热源,并考虑各种热效应的基础上,基于通用有限元软件ABAQUS的dynamic、temp-disp和explicit模块建立符合实际的钛合金薄壁壳体强旋热力耦合三维弹塑性有限元模型,分析TA15钛合金薄壁壳体热旋过程中温度场、应力场、应变场和壁厚的分布及旋轮圆角半径对贴模性能的影响.结果表明,摩擦生热和接触换热的作用使在旋压区沿厚度方向形成较大的温度梯度,产生明显的不均匀变形;等效应力最大值前期大多在圆角过渡区,后期大多在旋轮与板料接触区,且后期板料表面出现应力集中;越靠近零件口部,不贴模趋势越明显;随着旋轮圆角半径减小,贴模性能越好.     

钽钨合金球面圆盘旋压仿真研究

本文主要针对钽钨合金球面圆盘零件进行旋压成形模拟仿真,采用有限元分析软件对旋压过程进行了模拟仿真,得到了旋压成形过程中应力应变云图,以旋压后的零件壁厚差为分析目标,得到了旋轮进给率、旋轮半径及旋轮工作角对壁厚差的影响规律,应用仿真所得的工艺参数进行了旋压实验,实验结果与仿真结果吻合,表明通过采用模拟仿真的方法和手段,能够对实际旋压加工起到指导作用。     

基于ANSYS的筒形件强力反旋应力应变分析

为了确定更为符合实际的筒形件三旋轮强力反旋工艺参数的选用原则,利用大型非线性有限元软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA对不同工艺参数下筒形件三旋轮强力反旋旋压过程进行了动态模拟和应力应变分析。分析结果表明：减薄率为10%～20%时,旋压效率极低,减薄率应取30%～40%;旋轮进给量在1mm/r～2.5mm/r范围内变化时,其应力和应变变化不大,比较稳定;旋轮圆角半径在一倍至两倍毛坯厚度之间较为合适;旋轮成形角以取20°～25°为最佳;旋轮直径对应力影响较小;随着毛坯内径的增大,应力基本保持不变,应变基本呈减小趋势。     

旋辊参数对双辊夹持旋压成形的影响规律

双辊夹持旋压成形是一种加工带凸缘的薄壁回转体件的节能节材型工艺,为获得旋辊参数对该成形工艺的影响规律,基于ABAQUS/Explicit平台,采用工件不转动的建模方法,建立直角凸缘双辊夹持旋压成形有限元模型,并用试验验证该有限元模型的有效性,利用该有限元模型对双辊夹持旋压成形过程进行数值模拟,获得旋辊圆角半径、旋辊间距、旋辊进给率对双旋辊夹持旋压成形的影响规律。结果表明,旋辊圆角半径对旋压成形转矩影响不明显,增大旋辊圆角半径使得凸缘成形质量下降;旋辊间距仅在成形初始阶段对旋压成形转矩影响较大,即增大旋辊间距则成形转矩减小,而凸缘成形质量随着旋辊间距的增大而降低;增大旋辊进给率可提高凸缘的成形质量,同时也增大了旋压成形转矩。由以上分析结果最终获得双辊夹持旋压成形时合理的旋辊参数。     

金属板料单点增量成形厚度减薄率的预测与控制

金属板料单点增量成形过程中成形区域厚度减薄率过大是影响成形极限的一项重要因素,预测成形区域壁厚是控制减薄率的重要方法。选取1060铝板,对单点增量成形过程中的壁厚变形过程进行分析,利用Abaqus有限元分析软件,建立单点增量成形有限元模型,利用仿真结果拟合出精度较高的壁厚预测公式,分析工具头直径、层间距、进给速度、板料厚度、成形角度等工艺参数对减薄率的影响规律,并通过试验验证有限元模拟的正确性,并提出通过改变成形轨迹控制减薄率的方法。结果表明:拟合出的壁厚预测公式所求得壁厚值比正弦定理所求得的壁厚值更接近实验值;壁厚减薄率值随着工具头直径、成形角度和板料厚度的增大而增加,随层间距的增加而减小,进给速度对减薄率影响不显著,成形角度是影响减薄率的最重要因素;采用压入点均布的成形轨迹可有效减小减薄率。     

工艺参数对薄壁锥形旋压件凸缘平直度的影响

基于Simufact.Forming软件,建立了平板坯料强力旋压的有限元模型,对带平直凸缘的锥形薄壁旋压件的成形过程进行了模拟,并以基于最小二乘法的平面度误差作为凸缘平直度的评价指标,采用单因素试验设计方法,获得了芯模转速、旋轮进给速率、旋轮圆角半径以及旋轮安装角对锥形薄壁旋压件凸缘平直度的影响规律。研究表明:凸缘平直度随着芯模转速的增大而提高,但当芯模转速增大到一定值以后,凸缘平直度不再随其变化;增大旋轮进给速率,凸缘平直度呈降低趋势;旋轮圆角半径和旋轮安装角对凸缘平直度的影响较为复杂,凸缘平直度随其增大而呈现先提高后降低的趋势。依据仿真结果选取较优的工艺参数进一步进行仿真,相比其它各组仿真模拟,得到的凸缘平面度误差值最小。     

基于正多边形截面薄壁零件旋压成形质量研究

基于新型非圆旋压成形方法,讨论正多边形零件旋压成形的旋轮对零件轮廓的成形轨迹方程。以等边三角形截面以及正五边形截面的旋压为例,研究新型非圆旋压成形方法在旋压过程中的主轴转速、旋轮进给比和道次三项工艺参数对正多边形截面旋压件壁厚差的影响。应用有限元软件进行仿真分析,根据仿真结果分析正多边形旋压件的壁厚分布规律,即正多边形旋压件的壁厚呈周期性分布,最大壁厚发生在正多边形旋压件的圆角处。采用Box-Behnken实验设计方法设计仿真实验,根据仿真数据对零件的壁厚差进行方差分析,建立了关于壁厚差的预测模型并对其进行优化,最后进行多组仿真研究用来验证模型准确性。结果表明主轴转速、旋轮进给比、道次对正多边形零件壁厚差的影响显著,主轴转速与壁厚差呈正相关,而进给比壁厚差呈负相关,道次对壁厚差的影响先减小后增加。     

旋压件的成形质量及其控制参数

本文着重讨论了旋压件成形质量的影响因素,工艺选择以及控制方法。研究结果表明,为了得到质量良好的旋压件,除了要控制好减薄率、主轴转速、芯模和旋轮之间的间隙,迸给比、旋轮安装角、旋轮圆角半径等关键参数外,还必须要注意旋压湿度、毛坯厚度、旋压道次与热处理等问题。     

无靠模旋压成形工艺

分析无靠模板材成形毛坯受力特点,根据生产试验找到了旋压力与旋轮行程、毛坯转速与毛坯直径、进给比与旋转半径之间的关系。通过采用无靠模成形工艺,提高了生产效率。     

无错距强力旋压连杆衬套过程数值模拟研究

以发动机的锡青铜连杆衬套为研究对象,运用DEFORM-3D有限元软件对连杆衬套毛坯的无错距强力旋压过程进行了数值模拟。根据模拟结果,重点分析了在旋压过程中的金属流动速度规律、旋轮的受力以及毛坯的等效应力应变的分布情况。得出了旋压过程中毛坯径向和切向流动速度、大小和方向相似,与毛坯壁厚中心点的流动速度始终相反的正弦分布规律,旋轮所受径向和切向力分布相似且轴向受力最小,旋压过程中等效—应力应变主要分布在旋轮与毛坯的接触区域,远离接触区域的等效—应变较小,毛坯内部存在残余应力等。     

A study of the spinning force of hollow parts with triangular cross sections

The noncircular spinning is one of the recent breakthroughs of the traditional spinning processes. The spinning force is one of the important parameters for designing the spinning equipment and one of the main factors influencing the forming quality of spun parts. The variation of spinning force during noncircular spinning is considerably different from that of the conventional spinning due to the high-speed reciprocating movement of the roller induced by the variable spun workpiece profile. This paper presents an experimental investigation of spinning force characteristics of a hollow part with triangular cross sections using an octagon ring transducer based on electrical measuring method. A series of experiments using profiling driving spinning method was carried out to study the effects of the main process parameters, such as the roller feed rate, blank thickness–diameter ratio, and mandrel rotational speed, on the spinning force characteristics. The important characteristics of the force components of noncircular spinning were discussed based on the electrical measuring results. Furthermore, the variations of force components were compared with those obtained in the cases of conventional spinning and 3D non-axisymmetrical spinning. The results show that different from the conventional spinning and similar to the 3D non-axisymmetrical spinning, the three components of spinning force along the axial, radial, and tangential direction of roller vary periodically with the mandrel rotational angle. Different from the conventional and the 3D non-axisymmetrical spinning, the maximum spinning force is related to the mandrel rotational speed, even if the feed rate of roller remains constant, and increases with the increase of the mandrel rotational speed.     

正交试验设计在TA2筒形件拉深成形过程中的应用

研究了TA2筒形件的拉深成形过程,对无压边圈情况下拉深成形的5个因素(凹模入口圆角、凸凹模间隙、模具与板坯之间润滑系数、凸模圆角、坯料直径)进行了有限元数值模拟及其正交试验,提出了采用成形后板坯最大厚度与最小厚度之差Δt的概念来作为描述零件成形结果的评价标准,且论证了采用该评价标准的合理性。对试验结果进行了直观分析和方差分析,得出了各因素对拉深成形过程的影响次序及显著性。     

滚珠丝杠副滚动体自旋运动分析

滚珠丝杠副滚动体自转运动中包含自旋和纯滚动,滚动体的自旋运动造成滚动体滑动。利用角接触轴承旋滚比的概念和目前对滚珠丝杠副自旋运动的研究情况,采用运动分析的方法分析了丝杠公称直径、接触角和螺旋升角对滚珠丝杠副自旋运动的影响情况,为设计和选用滚珠丝杠副参数提供了参考。     

三维非轴对称偏心类管件旋压成形时的变形力分析

采用主应力法建立了三维非轴对称偏心类薄壁管件旋压成形时的变形力的理论计算公式,并对旋轮公转角度γ、道次偏移量δ等成形工艺参数对旋压力变化的影响进行了理论分析。结果表明,在偏心类管件旋压过程中,旋压力随旋轮公转角度γ作周期性变化,其变化的幅度取决于道次偏移量δ的大小。对工件道次偏移量δ、旋轮进给比f和名义压下量Δ等主要成形工艺参数对最大旋压力的影响进行了理论分析和试验研究,理论计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。     

MECHANISM RESEARCH FOR 3D NON-AXISYMMETRIC THIN-WALL TUBE OFFSET SPINNING

Difference of offset spinning with conventional symmetric spinning is analyzed. A 3D FEM model for offset tube neck-spinning is established and the spinning process is simulated by means of ANSYS software. Dynamic boundary and contact problems in simulation are solved. Transient stress distribution of contact area, transient strain distribution of nodes in typical section and strain distribution of the workpiece at last are attained, the place and the cause of crack are analyzed. Strain variation curves with time of offset spinning and conventional spinning are compared. It shows the mechanism difference between offset spinning and conventional spinning. In addition, simulation results show how strain distribution of typical section, thickness of some typical nodes, axial extension in left section and force of three rollers change with time. According to the study of the variation curve, material flow law along radial, tangential and axial direction is attained and the whole spinning process is studied. The simulation results discover that offset distance is the key to manufacture offset non-symmetric tube, and process parameters change with spinning angle. Experiment data really reflect different process parameters' influence on conventional symmetric and offset spinning force. Experiments accord well with simulation.     

ANALYSIS ON THE SPINNING FORCES IN FLEXIBLE SPINNING OF CONES

Flexible spinning is a new type of spinning process where spin-forming is performedwithout using a mandrel. Combining shearing and rolling processes, the calculation formulas of thespinning forces in flexible spinning of cones is presented. The effects of the main processing parame-ters, such as gripping force G applied to the blank by the inner roller, the feed rate of rollers f and theroundness radius of outer roller r_o, on the spinning forces are analyzed experimentally and theoreti-cally.     

ANALYSIS ON THE SPINNING FORCESN IN FLEXIBLE SPINNING OF CONES

Flexible spinning is a new type of spinning process where spin-forming is performed without using a mandrel. Combining shearing and rolling processes, the calculation formulas of the spinning forces in flexible spinning of cones is presented. The effects of the main processing parameters, such as gripping force G applied to the blank by the inner roller, the feed rate of rollers f and theroundness radius of outer roller ro, on the spinning forces are analyzed experimentally and theorelically.     

An analysis of force distribution in shear spinning of cone

An analytic model for calculation of shear spinning force incorporate factor of over-roll (press down) of the blank is derived. The effects of blank thickness, roller nose radius, mandrel revolution and roller feed on the spinning force are discussed. Results obtained from calculation were compared with the experiment and other theoretical predictions. It is found that the present findings yield optimum results.