以膨胀硫化石墨为基质的氯化钙/氯化钡-氨两级复合吸附式制冷循环实验研究

相对于单级吸附式制冷,两级吸附式制冷对热源温度和环境冷却温度适用范围更广。本文采用膨胀硫化石墨为基质,研制了氯化钙/氯化钡-氨两级吸附式制冷系统并进行了实验研究。吸附床采用传热传质强化后的新型固化吸附剂,利用新型非翅片式填充方式,有效降低了吸附系统的质量,增加了紧凑性。结果表明:两级吸附式制冷系统可以很好地适应热源温度低于100℃的工况,其性能在多数工况下高于单级吸附式制冷,系统COP与SCP随氯化钙解吸时间先增加后减小,COP最大可达0.27,SCP最大可达132.5 W/kg。     

吸附制冷用吸附剂性能测试及实验研究

研究吸附工质对的性能对于吸附式干燥、除湿、制冷具有重要作用,而吸附剂的吸附量、导热系数和吸附材料的性质、温度、压力等许多因素有关,因此用实验来测定就变得十分的有必要。本文以3A作为吸附剂,水作为制冷剂,组成吸附式制冷工质对,通过液位法对工质对的吸附制冷性能进行了研究。结果表明:它的最大吸附量为24.5g,最大吸附率为0.112g/g。本实验吸附床中3A沸石分子筛的量为218.5g,在脱附温度为260℃,吸附环境温度为25℃时,根据已有的对太阳能冷管的改进实验,选用同样材料的太阳能冷管计算时,可得其制冷量为147.864J,制冷系数COP为0.116。     

吸附制冷系统中固化吸附剂性能的实验研究

在吸附制冷系统中,常用的吸附剂为粉末或颗粒形态,吸附剂颗粒之间的热阻和吸附剂与传热面之间的接触热阻很大,而采用固化吸附剂可以有效提高吸附剂的导热性能。本文以硫化膨胀石墨(ENG-TSA)为基质制备了固化活性炭(AC)吸附剂和固化氯化钙(Ca Cl2)吸附剂,针对固化吸附剂设计了无翅片的吸附床结构,并建立了一个低压蒸气驱动的吸附式制冷系统。通过实验对固化吸附剂的性能进行了测试,分析了吸附剂的传热性能、循环时间和蒸发/冷凝温度对吸附制冷系统性能的影响。结果表明:采用AC/ENG-TSA吸附剂,系统COP、SCP和体积制冷密度分别达到0.140,86.1 W/kg和16.11 k W/m~3;采用CaCl_2/ENGTSA吸附剂,系统COP、SCP和体积制冷密度分别达到0.279,288.6 W/kg和54.03 k W/m~3,性能较传统的吸附剂有明显的提高。     

吸附式制冷中对规整复合吸附剂的性能测试

随着新型制冷方式的发展,越来越多的学者专家开始投入到吸附式制冷的研究领域,在吸附式制冷中,吸附剂的传热性能是影响其效率的主要因素之一。为更好的制备规整复合吸附剂有必要对散状吸附剂进行研究。本文就散状吸附剂的性能进行测试分析,设计了一种既适用于散状吸附剂又适合规整复合吸附剂的吸附性能测试系统。同时,对GC、GC10、GC20、GC30、GC40五种规整的复合吸附剂进行了吸附性能测试实验。     

吸附式制冷中固定床导热性能改进研究

本文对吸附式制冷系统中固定床的传热机理进行了实验探索.利用苯胺单体在吸附剂颗粒表面化学氧化聚合,形成均匀连续的高分子导热网,使吸附剂的有效导热系数提高到原来的4-10倍,对吸附剂的吸附性能无明显影响.实验分析了改性的吸附剂挤压成型强化吸附床层的传热,利用导热胶降低吸附剂与吸附换热器表面间接触热阻的效果,获得了一种较全面改进热交换性能的技术方法,在强化传热和热传导的同时,未影响吸附剂的传质性能,为吸附式制冷系统的产业化提供了新的技术路线.     

低温驱动沸石-水吸附式制冷机的性能研究

本文研究的合成沸石-水吸附式制冷机采用FAMZ01沸石作为吸附剂,吸附床选择翅片涂抹式吸附床,通过实验研究该制冷机的制冷功率、制冷性能系数(COP)随热源温度、冷冻水进口温度的变化规律。结果表明,该吸附式制冷机在55℃的热源下就可以稳定输出制冷量,并在驱动热源为65℃左右展现其较佳的性能。     

低温热源驱动的二级吸附冷冻循环实验研究与性能分析

在冷冻应用方面,传统的吸附式制冷工质对在热源温度低于90℃、冷凝温度高于25℃的条件下,很难实现-10℃以下的冷冻。为了实现100℃以下的太阳能或废热利用,这里提出了二级吸附式制冷循环,建立了性能测试实验台。采用CaCl2-BaCl2-NH3作为工质对,利用85℃热源驱动,测试不同蒸发温度与冷凝温度下吸附剂的吸附与解吸性能。结果表明,二级吸附式制冷能够实现-20℃下的冷量输出,同时,冷却水温度为25℃时,氯化钙的循环吸附量、二级吸附式制冷COP与SCP分别为0.598kg/kg,0.24,106.6W/kg。     

太阳能连续吸附式冷藏室的试验性能研究

太阳能吸附式制冷作为一种无氟制冷技术及利用低品位热源的有效工具,越来越受到重视。同时,使用环保型工质和节能是制冷技术发展的的必然趋势。以一太阳能连续吸附式冷藏室为例,对其进行试验研究,得出吸附床的厚度和太阳能集热器的出水温度对制冷系统性能的影响最大,对今后系统的设计改进和试验具有一定指导意义。     

非平衡吸附特征的吸附床传热传质特性

建立椰壳活性炭-甲醇吸附式制冷系统吸附床传热传质数学模型,应用该模型进行具有非平衡吸附特性的吸附床传热传质研究,利用数值方法对数学模型进行求解,讨论了吸附床在冷却过程中吸附剂温度、吸附速率、吸附量、制冷系数以及单位质量吸附剂制冷功率与时间的关系,吸附床在加热过程中吸附剂温度、脱附速率及脱附量与时间的关系.研究结果表明:吸附床在整个吸附过程中的吸附速率存在一个峰值0.001 2 ks/s,吸附床在整个脱附过程中的脱附速率存在一个峰值0.001 7ks/s,吸附剂温度变化率在换热阶段趋于平缓,制冷系数值在吸附阶段近似呈线性增长,而单位质量吸附荆制冷功率在吸附阶段存在一个峰值35 kW/kW.     

双效双重热化学吸附制冷性能实验研究

建立了基于吸附-再吸附原理和内部回热技术的双效双重热化学吸附制冷实验系统,对其可行性及工作性能进行了实验研究。测试结果表明:双效双重热化学吸附制冷热力循环技术用于制冷空调领域是完全可行的,在每次循环过程中由外界热源输入一次高温解吸热可实现四次冷量输出;当采用NiCl2为高温盐吸附剂、MnCl2为中温盐吸附剂、BaCl2为低温盐吸附剂、NH3为制冷剂时,在加热温度为265℃、制冷温度为15℃、冷却温度为30℃的工况下,双效双重热化学吸附制冷循环的COP达到1.1。在此基础上分析了吸附制冷阶段和再吸附制冷阶段冷量输出过程的制冷功率变化特性,发现再吸附过程吸附反应强于吸附反应。     

A combined double-way chemisorption refrigeration cycle based on adsorption and resorption processes

An innovative combined double-way chemisorption refrigeration cycle based on adsorption and resorption processes is presented. Two different reactive salts were used as sorbents and ammonia was utilized as the refrigerant in the proposed cycle. The useful cold was obtained from the evaporation heat of the refrigerant during the adsorption process and from the reaction heat of the low-temperature salt during the resorption process. The proposed combined double-way cycle has a distinct advantage of higher coefficient of performance (COP) in comparison with conventional adsorption cycle or resorption cycle. Experimental verification indicated that the advanced combined double-way cycle is feasible for refrigeration application, and the ideal COP of the basic cycle was about 1.24. Theoretical results showed that the proposed combined double-way cycle could improve COP by 167% and 60% when compared with conventional adsorption cycle and resorption cycle, respectively.     

一种太阳能吸附制冷用复合吸附剂的研究

利用分子筛巨大的比表面积以分子筛为载体通过浸泡CaCl2溶液的方法制备复合吸附剂,在模拟实际使用条件下,对不同浓度CaCl2溶液制备的复合吸附剂的吸附、解吸性能进行了测定.并将吸附解吸性能最好的复合吸附剂在自制的模拟制冷装置上进行了制冷实验.结果表明,复合吸附剂具有良好的吸附、解吸性能,最大吸附量达46.93%,在自制模拟装置上系统COP达0.25,SCP为0.078w/g,符合太阳能吸附制冷的要求.     

Thermodynamic study of a combined double-way solid–gas thermochemical sorption refrigeration cycle

A combined double-way thermochemical sorption refrigeration thermodynamic cycle was proposed and tested. Both adsorption refrigeration and resorption refrigeration processes were combined in order to improve the system performance. Two different consolidated composite materials were used as the reactive sorbents and ammonia was used as the refrigerant. Experimental results showed that a system operating with such proposed cycle can have two useful cold productions during one cycle at the expense of only one heat input at high temperature. The average specific cooling power (SCP) during the adsorption refrigeration phase was 301 W kg^?1. Analysis of the experimental data showed that the driving equilibrium drop during the resorption process was much lower than that during the adsorption process, when the cold production temperature was similar. The proposed combined double-way sorption cycle has a larger cooling capacity per unit of heat input and the maximum theoretical coefficient of performance (COP) is 1.24 when MnCl₂ and BaCl₂ are used as the reactive sorbents.     

Experimental investigation of mass recovery adsorption refrigeration cycle

The study investigates the performance of silica gel–water adsorption refrigeration cycle with mass recovery process by experimental prototype machine. In an adsorption refrigeration cycle, the pressures in adsorber and desorber are different. The mass recovery cycle utilizes the pressure difference to enhance the refrigerant mass circulation. Moreover, novel cycle was proposed for improvement of cooling output. In our previous study, simulation analysis shows that mass recovery cycle has the advantage over conventional single-stage. Experiments with prototype machine were conducted to investigate the performance improvement of mass recovery cycle in the present paper. Specific cooling power (SCP) and coefficient of performance (COP) were calculated with experimental data to analyze the influences of operating conditions. The proposed cycle was compared with the single-stage cycle in terms of SCP and COP. The results show that SCP of mass recovery cycle is superior to that of conventional cycle and mass recovery cycle is effective with low temperature heat source.     

A dynamic model of heat and mass transfer in a double-bed adsorption machine with internal heat recovery

This paper presents the results of a predictive two-dimensional mathematical model of an adsorption cooling machine consisting of a double consolidated adsorbent bed with internal heat recovery. The results of a base-case, taken as a reference, demonstrated that the COP of the double bed adsorption refrigeration cycle increases with respect to the single bed configuration. However, it was verified that, in order to maximize also the specific power of the machine, the adsorbent beds must have proper thermo-physical properties.Consequently, a sensitivity analysis was carried out, studying the influence of the main heat and mass transfer parameters on the performance of the machine. The results obtained allowed us to define the adsorbent bed design that maximizes its heat and mass transfer properties, as well as the most profitable heat recovery conditions.     

Numerical study of a novel cascading adsorption cycle

A novel cascading adsorption cooling cycle for refrigeration purposes is proposed in this paper. This cycle consists of two zeolite adsorbent beds and a silica gel adsorbent bed. The working refrigerant for the three adsorbers is water. The zeolite adsorbent bed is configured as the high temperature stage while the silica gel adsorbent bed acts as the low temperature stage. Both heat and mass recovery are carried out between the two zeolite adsorbent beds. In addition, heat is also exchanged between the zeolite adsorbent and the silica gel adsorbent beds. A lumped model is assumed for this cascading cycle. The COP for the base case is found to be 1.35, which is much higher than the COP of an intermittent cycle (about 0.5) and a two-bed combined heat and mass recovery cycle (about 0.8). However, its specific cooling power (SCP) of 42.7 W/kg is much lower than that of the intermittent cycle. The numerical results indicate that an optimal middle temperature exists for a prescribed driven temperature. The optimal COP increases with an increase in the driven temperature. However, when the driven temperature increases beyond 503 K, there is negligible change in the COP.     

Mass recovery adsorption refrigeration cycle—improving cooling capacity

The study investigates the performance of two-bed, silica gel-water adsorption refrigeration cycle with mass recovery process. The cycle with mass recovery can be driven by the relatively low temperature heat source. In an adsorption refrigeration cycle, the pressures in adsorber and desorber are different. The chiller with mass recovery process utilizes the pressure difference to enhance the refrigerant mass circulation. Cooling capacity and coefficient of performance (COP) were calculated by cycle simulation computer program to analyze the influences of operating conditions. The mass recovery cycle was compared with conventional cycle such as the single stage adsorption cycle in terms of cooling capacity and COP. The results show that the cooling capacity of mass recovery cycle is superior to that of conventional cycle and the mass recovery process is more effective for low regenerating temperature.     

Performance evaluation of combined adsorption refrigeration cycles

This paper presents the results of an investigation on the performance of combined adsorption refrigeration cycles. The novel combined cycle amalgamates the activated carbon (AC)-R507A as the bottoming cycle and AC-R134a cycle as the topping cycle and deliver refrigeration load at as low as −10 °C at the bottoming cycle. The cycle simulation is based on the experimentally confirmed adsorption isotherms, kinetics and isosteric heat of adsorption data for R134a and R507A on highly porous based activated carbon of type Maxsorb III. The optimum cooling capacity, coefficient of performance (COP) and chiller efficiency are calculated in terms of cycle time, switching time, regeneration and brine inlet temperatures. Results show that the combined adsorption cycles are feasible even when low-temperature heat source is available.     

Experimental study on a combined double-way chemisorption refrigeration system

A combined double-way chemisorption refrigeration system was described and investigated, and the experimental test unit was built, which consists of two adsorption beds: one high-temperature salt bed (HTS bed), which is filled with manganese chloride; and one low-temperature salt bed (LTS bed), which is filled with barium chloride. Moreover, the working performance of double-way chemisorption refrigeration cycle was studied. This cycle uses only one heat input to get two cold outputs, one of which comes from the evaporation heat produced by the refrigerant during the adsorption process, and another of which is from decomposition reaction heat consumed by LTS during the resorption process. The experimental results showed that the coefficient of performance (COP) and specific cooling power (SCP) were 0.703 and 225 W kg⁻¹ respectively at the refrigeration temperature of 15 °C, regeneration temperature of 160 °C and heat sink temperature of 30 °C. Also, the relation between the average global conversion and the COP value were found and analyzed. And the choice of salts and optimum reaction time were discussed either.