Copper and zinc metabolism in aspartylglycosaminuria and Salla disease

Changes in the metabolism of copper and zinc are described in aspartylglycosaminuria (AGU) patients. AGU patients had significantly reduced serum zinc concentrations. However, hair zinc levels were normal, and hyperzincuria could not be demonstrated. The copper content in the hair of AGU patients was highly elevated. Serum copper and ceruloplasmin concentrations were within normal range. In AGU, small-molecular-weight glycoasparagine storage products accumulate in tissues and are excreted in urine in large amounts. They may interfere with the transport mechanisms of trace elements, and thus alter their distribution and availability for tissues. The changes in copper and zinc levels may contribute to the pathogenesis of some of the clinical signs of AGU and Salla disease.     

电解重量法测定混合铜矿中自由氧化铜

建立了用于混合铜矿石中自由氧化铜测定的方法。试样用含亚硫酸钠(6g/L)的硫酸(10%)溶液浸取2h,选择性溶解铜氧化物,过滤并煮沸滤液,用去离子水稀释后电解。溶液中的铜离子电积至阴极铂网上。用火焰原子吸收光谱法检测残余于电解后液中的铜离子;同时用硝酸(1+1)溶解铂网上的铜,并用火焰原子吸收光谱法检测与阴极铜共电积的杂质元素含量,用铂阴极差重加上电积后液残余铜含量并减去共电积的杂质元素含量可计算出氧化铜矿中酸溶铜含量。与碘量法相比,不用肉眼观察颜色变化确定终点,人为误差小,结果稳定、准确。通过对加拿大氧化铜矿标准物质AMIS0050进行测定(n=12),方法准确度可靠。并选取15批次的氧化铜矿检测,与经典碘量法比对,结果令人满意。     

铜冶炼物料中铜的分析质量控制方法

目前国内铜精矿供应紧俏,铜冶炼行业的原料复杂,有些偏离了认证和认可标准方法的样品,在检测时,用认证、认可文件不能很好地进行质量管控,需要对分析方法加以改进,从技术上进行管控。结合国内铜冶炼企业的实际情况和多年的实践经验,从样品的加工和保存环节、铜分析的技术环节、人员培训、质量抽查、定期开展质量分析会等方面对铜的分析质量控制进行了总结。在具体的质量控制中,针对铜冶炼行业成分复杂、易变化的物料分析,应根据实际情况进行质量管控,以提高铜分析的准确度。     

铜磁铁矿中铜含量分析方法精密度的比较

按照GB/T 6739.6规定,采用F检验法比较了5种铜磁铁矿中铜含量分析方法的精密度,得出了5种分析方法精密度显著性差异情况,给出了选择分析方法的原则。     

云南东川铜矿马尾丝状铜矿石特征及成因

东川铜矿位于扬子板块西南缘康滇构造带中,其矿体发育在落雪组白云岩中,典型矿石为马尾丝状铜矿石.本文对马尾丝状铜矿石的宏观和微观特征进行总结,通过ICP-MS和EMPA方法获得铜矿石和白云石主量元素特征,综合收集硫同位素值,对其成因进行探讨.研究表明马尾丝状铜矿石由顺层细矿脉和高角度切层含矿脉组成,两者在结构、构造、矿物...     

Copper dispersal in a water-supply reservoir

Granular (“diamond”) copper sulfate was applied for algal control to the surface of Hoover Reservoir, Franklin Co., Ohio. Soluble and particulate Cu²⁺ concentrations were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry at several depths for up to 96 hr after application. The soluble Cu²⁺ concentration decreased to near baseline values in 2 or 6 hr when 0.2 or 0.4 g Cu²⁺/m² was applied was applied respectively. Most of the copper sulfate dissolved in the first 1.75 m of the water column and only 2% of the total copper sulfate reached a depth of at least 4.5 m. A concentration of 0.4 g Cu²⁺/m² controlled a diatom bloom consisting primarily of Melosira spp., Stephanodiscus astraea var. minutula and Asterionella formosa. The largest decrease in dry weight and algal cell numbers was observed 24 hr after copper sulfate treatment.     

住宅建筑中铜管的应用

建筑铜管除了具备非金属管材的优点外,尚有使用寿命长,卫生性能好,强度高,防紫外线等特点,已越来越受到重视。铜管及管件目前有美国,欧洲及中国三种标准。铜管的质量检验和验收,包括尺寸偏差,化学成份,力学性能,探伤及表面质量等内容。使用中应注意选材,布置及辅材的质量,以保证工程质量。     

住宅中给水铜管的应用

介绍了给水铜管的优点,分析了住宅中给水铜管在设计、安装和市场应用中具有自身的特点.从家装给水铜管的实际情况出发,结合现阶段家装安装的水平,掏出了家用给水铜管应用的有关技术措施.     

长长的绿色铜条

Outokumpu公司是建筑所应用的铜片和铜条的主要供应商之一，它向市场推出了一种有效的铜片加工方法．这种方法可以按照要求来加工任何长度的预先着色的铜片，从而为建筑师们提供了前所未有的自由空间。     

Galvanic Corrosion of Lead Solder in Copper Pipework

The galvanic corrosion potentials of thirty-eight different waters were measured on site, using 'Oliphant' corrosion cells, for lead-tin solder coupled to copper. A wide range in corrosion potential was found, and the chloride-sulphate ratio had the most significant effect on corrosion potential. Tests to reduce corrosion potentials by dosing sulphate, silicate, zinc and orthophosphate were carried out. Zinc dosing, especially in combination with ortho-phosphate, was the most effective treatment for all waters, but posed problems.
Contamination of tapwater by galvanic corrosion of lead solder occurs early in the life of new plumbing, and risk of exposure to contamination can be reduced by flushing before drawing dietetic water. Best-of-all, lead-tin solder should not be used.     

Copper as an algicide in a tropical reservoir

Copper sulphate, added at the surface, was retained in the epilimnion of a stratified tropical reservoir. For 12 days after the addition, most of the copper was associated with the soluble fraction (MW > 50,000). Later the low molecular weight fraction (MW < 50,000) dominated and persisted for more than 19 days. There was an immediate decline in algal density after copper addition, followed by an increase in numbers of the more copper-tolerant chlorophyte species. Zooplankton (and other aquatic fauna) were also affected by the copper treatment. Two forms of the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorous recovered first, followed by Hexarthra mira, Copepoda and Cladocera. Growth of cyanobacteria was suppressed in the short term, but any possible long term effects of copper were masked by flow induced rapid destratification which interrupted and re-set algal succession. It is concluded that copper treatment is not an effective control of cyanobacterial growth under the seasonal flow regime to which the Solomon Dam is subjected.     

Copper catalysis in chloroform formation during water chlorination

The seminal work of Rook initiated a considerable body of research regarding the formation of trihalomethanes (THMs) and other by-products of chlorine-based disinfection. Since that time, a broad spectrum of compounds has been identified as precursors to THM formation. More recently, it has been demonstrated that the presence of copper in solution enhances THM formation. Copper is known to catalyze a number of reactions that are similar to the conventional haloform reaction. A study was therefore initiated to investigate the specific role played by copper in the formation of chloroform during chlorination of water supplies. Aqueous solutions containing a number of known THM precursors were chlorinated in the presence and absence of copper, and subjected to time-course monitoring of chloroform concentration. The results of experiments with humic acid demonstrated an apparent catalytic effect on the part of copper in chloroform formation. To examine the role of copper in greater detail, a series of experiments involving aqueous solutions of pure compounds of humic substance structural units was conducted. Of the pure compounds investigated as THM precursors, only citric acid demonstrated enhanced chloroform formation in the presence of copper. A detailed matrix of experiments conducted with citric acid as a precursor demonstrated that copper, at environmentally relevant concentrations, can have a profound effect on chloroform formation. Based on previously published information regarding the mechanism of chloroform formation from citric acid and the results of these experiments, it is hypothesized that copper promotes chloroform formation from chlorination of citric acid through catalysis of oxidative decarboxylation, and the subsequent chlorination of beta-ketoglutaric acid.     

铜管在燃气引入管上的应用

结合现阶段燃气引入管敷设中存在的问题,对使用铜管代替钢管的方案进行分析,介绍钢管的优势及铜管在选材、焊接上的具体要求,提出了铜管暗封、暗埋两种敷设方式.     

Copper corrosion by-product release in long-term stagnation experiments

The effect of long-term stagnation on copper corrosion by-product release and corrosion rates was studied in pipe-rigs according to the German standard DIN 50931, Part 1. The analysis of the water phase was supplemented by surface analysis of corrosion scales. Copper concentration during stagnation did not follow a solubility process. The characteristic curves obtained can be explained by subsequent copper release and copper refixation processes. Oxygen consumption can be described by the first-order kinetic rate law. The corrosion scales consisted of cuprite (Cu2O) and malachite (CuCO3 x Cu(OH)2). Malachite grew in well-defined crystals during stagnation, served as sink for dissolved copper and did not protect the pipe against corrosion attack. Copper concentrations measured after long-term stagnation (up to 122 h) correspond to the solubility of malachite in the testwater.     

Investigation of Rosette Corrosion in Copper Hot-Water Cylinders

This paper reports upon the premature failure of copper hot-water cylinders fitted with aluminium protector rods, so-called 'Rosette'corrosion. The purpose of the protector rod is to prevent Type 1 copper pitting and has been used successfully for nearly thirty years. The change in composition of waters in contact with cylinders fitted with protector rods, which was monitored over a 12-month period, established that various species which were aggressive to copper, i.e. nitrite, ammonia and possibly sulphide, were being produced. The potential mechanism for the creation of these ions, and hence the water compositions which are likely to promote Rosette corrosion, are discussed. The change in cylinder design, which is being adopted by manufacturers to overcome this problem in the future, is outlined.     

新铜艺 新生活

[朱炳仁·铜]品牌承袭于一个铜艺世家——[朱府铜艺],自1875年（清同治末年）源于绍兴书香门第的名门望族,距今已历经五代传承人。代代盛名。在第四代传人朱炳仁手里,铜艺术得到了升华,衍生出新的类别——熔铜艺术。第五代传承人朱军岷,则在思考用“铜·亦生活”的理念让铜文化重新回到千家万户,成为新的家居风尚。     

某铜矿尾矿坝稳定性分析研究

以某铜矿尾矿坝为例,进行了调洪演算分析和稳定性分析。鉴于尾矿坝在堆积过程中形成的材料变异性较大,以极限平衡理论和传统的安全系数法为基础,将可靠度理论引入尾矿坝稳定性分析中并进行了初步的分析。分析结果表明,目前尾矿坝处于稳定状态,尾矿材料的重度与粘聚力对稳定性的影响较大,内摩擦角的影响则很微小。     

阿富汗铜矿资源潜力与找矿方向

阿富汗位于远古印度次大陆同亚洲大陆板块碰撞的交汇处,也是全球性成矿带——特提斯—喜马拉雅造山带(岩浆弧)成矿有利区段,金属矿产资源相当丰富。阿富汗境内已发现大约300多个包括沉积岩型、夕卡岩型、斑岩型和脉岩型等各种类型的铜矿床(点),其中包括世界级的安纳克(Aynak)沉积层控矿床。研究表明,特提斯—喜马拉雅成矿带经历新老特提斯洋的扩张沉积和闭合隆起,两次大规模的板块俯冲碰撞,而后褶皱形成以中、新生代地质演化为主的地球上最年轻的褶皱造山带。阿富汗地质构造也随之经历长期复杂的演化,区域成矿背景从前寒武纪陆内环境向汇聚造山转化,前中—新元古代矿源地体构造和岩浆再度活化,发生岩浆作用及衍生成矿作用(过程),成矿具有偏在性和最佳耦合性等特点。阿富汗铜矿资源潜力巨大,砂页岩型铜矿和斑岩铜(金)矿找矿前景广阔,地表广泛出露的夕卡岩型铜矿及脉岩型铜矿化可能是深部寻找斑岩铜(金)矿的标志和靶区。     

铜的生物学功能及其应用

铜是动物必需的微量元素之一,在动物生长代谢过程中发挥重要作用。文章就铜的生物学功能及高铜的促生长作用机理进行综述。