PS／炭黑复合材料导电性能的研究

本文通过炭黑（简称ＣＢ）用量、加工工艺、温度对ＰＳ／ＣＢ复合材料导电性能影响的探讨、复合导电材料亚微观结构的观察，研究了ＰＳ／ＣＢ复合材料的导电性能。结果表明，随着ＣＢ含量的增加，材料的电阻率呈非线性下降，当ＣＢ的质量分数在１０％～４０％的范围内时，电阻率下降明显，在此含量范围以后，体积电阻率变化不大；材料的导电性能与加工工艺有关，溶剂法的导电性能比混炼法好；电阻率随温度的升高均有上升的趋势。由复合材料的亚微观结构表明，随着ＣＢ含量的增加，ＣＢ由分散的单个颗粒逐渐连结在一起，最后与ＰＳ形成了一种相互交错式的结构     

回收泡沫PS的增韧技术

研究了线型ＳＢＳ、充油ＳＢＳ及ＳＢＳ（ｏｉｌ）／ＣａＣＯ３复合增韧剂对回收泡沫ＰＳ的增韧效应．着重考查了三类体系的组成对复合物的物理力学性能及流变性能的影响,并讨论了其相容性．结果表明,线性ＳＢＳ及包覆橡胶的刚性粒子对回收泡沫ＰＳ有良好的增韧效果,同时增韧复合物的综合性能亦十分优异．通过ＳＥＭ分析了微观机理．     

废PS泡沫塑料的综合利用

介绍了以溶解－喷雾干燥法回收ＰＳ树脂的工艺过程及结果，用溶解－改性法开发研制以废ＰＳ泡沫塑料为原料的系列涂料、涂饰剂、胶粘剂等，并列举了系列产品的性能与用途。     

导电纤维的研究开发：第IV报 海—岛结构导电纤维的制备

用ＣｕＩ（含量〈２５％）、聚醚（ＰＥＯ）及烷基苯磺酸钠（ＳＤＢＳ）组成的导电共混物与ＰＥＴ熔融混纺，制备了白色导电纤维，研究了纤维的可纺性、拉伸性、力学性能、耐洗性及导电性。发现所得导电纤维是以ＰＥＴ为海，导电共混物为岛内的“海－岛”结构，岛相呈细长，连续的网络分布，其形态结构和性质对纤维性能影响极大。     

超声振动在PS挤出发泡中的作用研究

研究了在ＰＳ挤出发泡中引入高强度超声振动对制品微观形貌和性能的影响。结果表明在ＰＳ挤出发泡的机头熔体中加入超声波可提高发泡率，降低发泡制品的密度，螺杆转速越低时更为明显，泡孔形貌由原椭园变为园形，从而补偿由密度降低引起的拉伸强度下降，在机头熔体中加入超声波能降低挤出压力，提高挤出产量，但不如超声振动加入到模具和熔体界面时明显，在螺杆转速较高时，总消耗功率比低转速时有所降低     

PVDF／PS共混超滤膜的研究

研究了ＰＶＤＦ与ＰＳ的不同溶混性。分析了聚合物溶混程度变化及工艺条件改变对膜形态结构及使用性能的影响。实验结果表明，ＰＶＤＦ和ＰＳ属部分溶混体系，由这种溶混体系制成的超滤膜水通量有较大幅度提高。     

不饱和聚酯树脂复合导电塑料性能研究

以不饱和聚酯树脂为基材，通过合成不同结构的树脂和发迹导电填料（石墨）的填充量，研究了导电塑料的导电性能与导电填料含量，导电材料的关系，以及该导电塑料的电致发热热能与冲击韧性性能等。研究结果得到了标准的ＬＰＴＣ曲线，制得了具有商业用途和限温性ＵＰ复合导电塑料。     

导电炭黑在NBR中的应用研究

对导电炭黑（ＣＳＦ）作为ＮＢＲ的填料时，其填充量、硫化时间和增塑剂用量等因素对ＮＢＲ／ＣＳＦ混炼胶加工性能和硫化特性及硫化胶物理性能和电性能的影响进行了研究，并与乙炔炭黑（ＡＣＥＴ）进行了对比。结果表明，随着ＣＳＦ用量的增大，混炼胶的炭黑结合ＮＢＲ量、门尼粘度［ＭＬ（１＋４）１００℃］、屈服强度和拉伸强度均增大，扯断伸长率和挤出膨胀率降低，挤出物外观变优，焦烧时间和正硫化时间延长，硫化速度放慢，硫化胶的物理性能有所降低，导电性能提高；硫化胶体积电阻率随硫化时间延长和施加负荷的增大而降低，随温度升高和增塑剂ＤＯＰ用量增大而升高。ＮＢＲ／ＣＳＦ混炼胶的结合橡胶量、门尼粘度和混炼胶应力应变性能及硫化胶导电性能等均高于ＮＢＲ／ＡＣＥＴ混炼胶。     

四种导电炭黑的性能研究

研究了４种具有不同聚集态结构度（ＤＢＰ吸收值）和孔隙度（吸碘值）的导电炭黑对ＮＲ硫化胶物理机械性能及导电性能的影响。实验结果表明,ＮＲ填充ＣＳＦ导电炭黑后,硫化胶的物理机械性能相对最好,导电性能明显优于填充等量乙炔炭黑的ＮＲ硫化胶,而稍逊于ＮＪＦ和ＩＮＦ填充者。实验发现,用不同改性剂对炭黑改性后,可使硫化胶强伸性能明显提高,而导电性能稍有下降。ＣＳＦ等导电炭黑不仅适合制造复合型导电高分子材料,而且     

塑解剂PS的应用研究

对塑解剂ＰＳ进行了化学性质分析、小配合试验及车间生产试验。结果表明,加入塑解剂ＰＳ的胶料除门尼粘度有所下降外,其它硫化特性变化不大;硫化胶除扯断伸长率和撕裂强度有所下降外,其它特理性能无太大变化。加入塑解剂ＰＳ可以提高ＮＲ的妥速度、缩短塑炼时间和降低能耗。     

同用量和种类炭黑对热塑性聚烯烃弹性体 胶料性能的影响

研究了不同炭黑份数,不同炭黑类型填充聚烯烃热塑性弹性体的基本电性能和物理机械性能。实验结果表明,胶料电导率随炭黑份数的增加而升高;导电炭黑的粒径越小,其填充胶料的电导率越高;对于导电炭黑高填充胶料,加工助剂硬脂酸锌硬脂酸钙类对胶料的电导率影响不大。     

石墨/PS复合材料的制备与表征

以鳞片石墨和聚苯乙烯为原料,采用悬浮聚合的方法制备出石墨/PS复合材料,并对此材料的结构和性能进行了表征.实验结果表明,以石墨为填料对PS进行改性,可有效地改善PS的导热性能.     

Studies on conductive silicone rubber compounds

The electrical conductivity of silicone rubber vulcanizates containing carbon blacks [e.g., acetylene black, lamp black, and ISAF (N-234) black] were investigated. The change in electrical conductivity with varying amounts of carbon blacks and the temperature dependence was measured. The mechanical properties like tensile strength, tear strength, elongation at break, hardness, etc., of the vulcanizates were determined. A comparative study of the electrical conductivity of the composites revealed that the electrical conductivity of the composites made with acetylene black was higher than that of the composites made of other blacks. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 69: 1043–1050, 1998     

Thermal and electrical conductivity of carbon–filled liquid crystal polymer composites

The thermal and electrical conductivity of resins can be increased by adding conductive carbon fillers. One emerging market for thermally and electrically conductive resins is for bipolar plates for use in fuel cells. In this study, varying amounts of five different types of carbon, one carbon black, two synthetic graphites, one natural flake graphite, and one calcined needle coke, were added to Vectra A950RX Liquid Crystal Polymer. The resulting composites containing only one type of filler were then tested for thermal and electrical conductivity. The objective of this work was to determine which carbon filler produced a composite with the highest thermal and electrical conductivity. The results showed that composites containing Thermocarb TC‐300 synthetic graphite particles had the highest thermal and electrical conductivity. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 99; 1552–1558, 2006     

LDPE/EPM/炭黑导电复合材料的研究

制备了低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)／二元乙丙橡胶(EPM)／炭黑导电复合材料。用带功能基团的表面改性剂对炭黑进行表面处理,在炭黑低填充量下即获得了导电率高、综合性能优良的导电复合材料。研究了基体树脂的结构、工艺方法、炭黑的预处理、复合材料的后处理(退火)等对LDPE／EPW炭黑导电复合材料导电性能的影响。     

A modified model of electrical conduction for carbon black–polymer composites

A modified model of electrical conduction for carbon black‐polymer composites is proposed based on the general effective media theory and the number of carbon black particles per aggregate to describe their nonlinear conductive behavior. In order to consider the interactions between carbon black particles, a simple self‐consistent approach is used to improve the model. Expressions of electrical conductivity and percolation threshold are derived from the modified model. The predicted results of electrical conductivity and percolation threshold are in good agreement with experimental data reported in previous literature. Moreover, the dependences of electrical conductivity and percolation threshold on the number of carbon black particles per aggregate are discussed. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry     

Multiple percolation in a carbon‐filled polymer composites via foaming

This article describes an investigation into the effects of foaming on the electrical conductivity for a carbon‐filled cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) composite incorporating both chopped carbon fibers (cCF) and carbon black (CB). Foamed and solid samples were injection molded and then analyzed for cell size, fiber length, fiber orientation, and electrical conductivity. Foamed samples exhibited higher electrical conductivity in the through‐plane direction for materials containing only CB or composites containing both filler types, and reduced electrical conductivity in the cCF‐filled composites. The increased electrical property gained by foaming was attributed to multiple percolation with CB aggregates forming more effective conductive clusters and networks in the continuous polymer phase during growth of the gas domains. A mechanism for the phenomenon was proposed based on these experimental observations. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

Effect of axial stretching on electrical resistivity of short carbon fibre and carbon black filled conductive rubber composites

The variation of electrical resistivity of carbon black and short carbon fibre (SCF) filled rubber composites was studied against the degree of strain at constant strain rate. It was found that both the degree of strain and strain rate affect the electrical resistivity of the composites. The change in resistivity against the strain and strain rate depends both on the concentration and the type of conductive filler. The incorporation of short carbon fibres (SCF) imparts higher conductivity to the composite than carbon black at the same level of loading. Composites filled with carbon black exhibit better mechanical properties than SCF filled composites. Electrical setting, ie a permanent change in electrical resistivity, was observed during extension–retraction cycles. A good correlation was found between the mechanical response and the electrical response towards strain sensitivity. The results of different experiments are discussed in the light of breakdown and formation of conductive networks in the filled rubber composites. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry     

Extrinsic conducting and superconducting polymer systems. IV. Superconducting properties of YBaCuO composites based on PVDF/PS/carbon black and PVDF/PS/copper polymer systems

In this work, the critical temperature (T_c) of a series of polymeric superconducting systems is determined which, sintered or not, are obtained through the incorporation of the superconducting ceramic YBaCuO into two extrinsic conducting polymer systems: PVDF/PS/carbon black and PVDF/PS/copper. In addition, the diamagnetic characteristics of these systems are studied on the basis of susceptibility measurements as a function of temperature. As regards the unsintered systems and according to the experimental results, copper-based composites can be termed as insulating materials and the samples with the highest carbon black content as reaching metalliclike conductivities. In no case, however, is an abrupt leap in conductivity observed as a function of temperature, indicating the superconducting nature of these systems from an electrical point of view. On the contrary, magnetic susceptibility measurements as a function of temperature detect in all cases a superconducting transition, i.e., a shift in the critical temperature range, bringing it close to that of pure YBaCuO (≈100 K). After sintering, the samples retained their original shape as well as reasonable mechanical properties. The electrical conductivity study confirmed the absence of superconductivity as a consequence of polymer combustion during sintering and thereby implying the disappearance of the orthorhombic phase of YBaCuO, which X-ray evidence proved to be accountable for superconductivity in this ceramic material. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

PS/PA6/CB共混体系导电性能研究

在哈克流变仪中将炭黑(CB)与聚苯乙烯(PS)、尼龙6(PA6)共混,研究了CB在PS/PA6/CB共混体系中的分散情况及CB含量和PS与PA6的质量比对PS/PA6/CB共混体系导电性能、微观形态的影响。结果表明,CB在PS/PA6/CB共混体系中只分散在PA6中;PS/PA6/CB共混体系的导电性能随着CB含量的增加而增强,CB的体积分数在20%~40%时,PS/PA6/CB共混体系的电导率增幅明显;PS、PA6两相的微观尺寸随CB含量增加而变小;PS/PA6/CB共混体系中PS与PA6质量比约为80/20时,PS/PA6/CB共混体系的导电性能最好。