AB-8树脂吸附反式1,2环己二醇热力学和动力学(英文)

AB-8 resin was used as an adsorbent for the removal of trans-1,2-cyclohexandiol(CHD) from aqueous solutions.Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of contact time and temperature on sorption efficiency.The adsorptive thermodynamic properties and kinetics of CHD from water onto AB-8 resin were studied.The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were employed to discuss the adsorption behavior.Thermodynamic parameters such as G,H and S were calculated.The results indicate that the equilibrium data are perfectly represented by Langmuir isotherm model.Thermodynamic study reveals that it is an exothermic process in nature and mainly physical adsorption enhanced by chemisorption with a decrease of entropy process.The kinetics of CHD adsorption is well described by the pseudo second-order model.The adsorbed CHD can be eluted from AB-8 resin by 5% ethanol aqueous solution with 100% elution percentage.     

果胶对稀土金属镨(Ⅲ)的吸附研究

研究了低脂果胶对稀土金属镨(Ⅲ)的吸附,考察了吸附时间、吸附溶液的pH值、吸附温度、吸附剂果胶的用量、镨(Ⅲ)离子的浓度对果胶吸附镨(Ⅲ)的吸附容量的影响。对吸附前后的果胶做了红外光谱分析。结果表明:最佳的吸附时间为60min,pH值为2.0,吸附温度为45℃,吸附剂用量为0.01g,镨(Ⅲ)离子的浓度为5.0μg·m L~(-1)。在合适条件下,果胶对镨(Ⅲ)的吸附容量达到19.975 mg·g~(-1),吸附后果胶与Pr发生了反应。     

D318阴离子交换树脂对铼（VII）的吸附

The adsorption and mechanism of Re(VII) on resin D318 were studied using chemical methods and IR spectrometry. At pH 5.2, the static and dynamic saturation adsorption capacities were 351.4 and 366.5 mg&;#8226;g&;#61485;1, respectively. The adsorption behavior obeyed the Freundlich empirical equation and the adsorption rate constant k298 was 6.37×10&;#61485;4 s&;#61485;1. The desorption percentage was up to 99.7% when 2.0 mol&;#8226;L&;#61485;1 KSCN was used for dynamic desorption.     

Dowex50W-X树脂吸附硫酸溶液中的锶

In this study,strontium adsorption from sulfuric acid solution by different Dowex 50W-X ion exchange resins was investigated.Among these resins,Dowex 50W-X8 resin showed the maximum sorption of strontium from the aqueous solutions.The effect of pH,contact time,mass of resin,temperature,and concentration of interfering ions on strontium adsorption were evaluated to determine the optimum conditions of strontium sorption process.The kinetic models of sorption were analyzed using pseudo-first and pseudo-second order models.The results indicated that the pseudo-second order kinetic model was more appropriate than the other one.Moreover,the data obtained in this study were fitted into several sorption isotherm models and it was found that the Langmuir sorption isotherm shows the best fitting to the experimental data.     

离子交换树脂催化乳酸与异丁醇及正丁醇酯化反应的动力学研究

The esterification reactions of lactic acid with isobutanol and n-butanol have been studied in the presence of acid ion-exchange resin Weblyst D009. The influences of catalyst loading, stirrer speed, catalyst particle size, initial reactant molar ratio and temperature on the reaction rate have been examined. Experimental kinetic data were correlated by using the Pseudo-homogeneous, Langmuir-Hinshelwood and Eley-Rideal models. Nonideality of the liquid phase was taken into account by using activities instead of molar fractions. The activity coefficients were calculated according to the group contribution method UNIFAC. Provided that the nonideality of the liquid is taken into account, the esterification kinetics of lactic acid with isobutanol and n-butanol catalyzed by the acid ion-exchange resin can be described using all three models with reasonable errors.     

含硫脲树脂的制备及吸附Au(Ⅲ)性能的研究

以硫脲和甲醛为原料制备硫脲-甲醛螯合树脂,并用傅里叶红外变换光谱(FT-IR)、热重、扫描电镜等进行了表征。采用静态吸附的方法吸附溶液中的Au(Ⅲ),考察了初始质量浓度、接触时间、温度、离子强度等因素对其吸附的影响。此外,对硫脲-甲醛螯合树脂的吸附选择性进行了研究。对吸附过程进行了准一级、准二级动力学模型拟合。     

D113弱酸性树脂对铟(Ⅲ)的吸附性能

研究了D113弱酸性树脂在NaAc-HAc缓冲体系中对铟(III)的吸附性能及机理。对影响树脂吸附容量的不同因素,如溶液的pH、吸附时间和温度进行了研究。结果表明:D113弱酸性树脂对铟(III)的吸附在pH=5.00的NaAc-HAc缓冲体系中最佳,每克树脂在298 K下的静态饱和吸附容量为185 mg;在不同温度下,树脂吸附铟(III)的表观吸附速率常数分别为k288K=2.72×10.5 s.1,k298K=3.69×10.5 s.1,k308K=4.48×10.5 s.1,表观吸附活化能Ea=18.4 kJ.mol.1;测得热力学参数分别为.H=3.27 kJ.mol.1,.S=68.3 J.(mol.K).1,.G298K=.17.1 kJ.mol.1。与Freundlich等温曲线相比,吸附更加符合Langmuir等温曲线。用0.5 mol.L.1 HCl进行解吸时,解吸率为100%。此外,用红外光谱方法探讨了吸附机理,结果显示:D113树脂功能基COOH中的H与In(III)发生了离子交换;同时,C=O中的O与In(III)形成了配位键。     

含磷聚苯并噁嗪树脂对水中铁(Ⅲ)和铬(Ⅵ)的吸附性能研究

以四羟甲基硫酸鏻(THPS)为起始原料,合成了二官能团含磷苯并噁嗪单体二(3,4-二氢-1,3-苯并噁嗪-3-亚甲基)苄基氧化膦(BBOz),再采用无溶剂直接加热开环聚合法合成了含磷聚苯并噁嗪树脂(PBBOz),通过差示扫描量热法(DSC)、热重法(TG)和BET法对树脂PBBOz的性能进行了分析,并对其吸附机制进行了探究。结果表明,树脂PBBOz具有较好的热稳定性和阻燃性;树脂PBBOz对铁(Ⅲ)、铬(Ⅵ)均有一定的吸附能力,主要源于结构中的酚羟基和叔胺基,其吸附机理主要为化学吸附;树脂PBBOz经硝酸处理再生后可重复使用。     

用新离子交换树脂催化剂优化连续催化精馏塔中乙基叔丁基醚的合成(英文)

Liquid phase synthesis of one of the important fuel oxygenate, ethyl tert-butyl ether （ETBE）, from etha-nol and tert-butyl alcohol （TBA） has been studied in catalytic distillation column （CDC） using ion exchange resin catalyst CT-145H. A packed CDC of 1.2 m height and 50 mm diameter with indigenously developed reactive sec-tion packing was used to generate experimental data. Effect of different key variables on product purity in distillate, was investigated to find the optimum operating conditions for ETBE synthesis. The optimum conditions for 0.2 kg·s-1 of ethanol feed were found：reboiler duty of 375 W, molar feed ratio of 1︰1.3 of reactants, and reflux ratio of 7. Concentration profiles for each component along each column section at optimum conditions were also drawn. Neither output nor input multiplicity was observed at experimental conditions.     

弱碱性树脂对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附-解吸性能研究

以D301弱碱性阴离子树脂作为吸附剂,研究其对废水中Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附-解吸性能。考察了吸附时间、吸附温度及pH对吸附效果的影响,考察解吸剂的加入量及解吸时间对解吸效果的影响。结果表明,在pH=2的酸性环境下,有利于Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附,在6 h吸附达到平衡,吸附等温线符合Langmiur吸附模型。采用质量分数为3%的NaOH,解吸时间为30 min时解吸效果最佳,解吸率达到97.59%,3次吸附-解吸实验表明,树脂能够较好地吸附Cr(Ⅵ)。     

表面活性素集成生产过程(Ⅲ)吸附柱的模型

The study is focused on modeling of separation process and optimization.An adsorption separation process is simulated.The surfactin production process by Bacillus subtilis ATCC 21332 followed by surfactin adsorption in a fixed-bed column packed with commercial active carbon is studied in laboratory.The adsorption column achieves high surfactin recovery(94%)by up-flow methanol elution at 25°C.The adsorption column is simulated with a complex one-dimensional plug flow dispersion model coupled with nonlinear adsorption equilibrium,based on the assumption that the adsorption of surfactin is monomolecular layer and no micelle is formed.The molecular diffusion coefficient of surfactin in water solution with electric neutrality is estimated to be 0.428×10 -5 cm 2 ·s -1 by molecular dynamics simulation.The model developed can describe the complex interplay of adsorption kinetics,fluid dynamics,and mass-transfer phenomena based on the assumption of no radial temperature and concentration gradients,and is of adequate precision.The work involved in this paper is valuable for the optimization of the production process of surfactin.     

Aging behavior of Cr(Ⅲ) extracted with D2EHPA

近年来,关于溶剂萃取法回收Cr(Ⅲ)的文献报道较多,而对其反萃行为的研究则较少。酸性磷氧类萃取剂负载Cr(Ⅲ)后易发生缩合反应,形成难以被反萃的稳定缩合物,萃取剂难以再生,即发生“陈化”现象。本文使用10% D2EHPA/10%正辛醇/磺化煤油为萃取剂,0.6 mol·L^-1 H₂SO₄为反萃剂,以反萃为手段研究了陈化现象的机理。考察了Cr(Ⅲ)浓度和实验温度对陈化速率的影响,进而提出了缩合反应的机理和数学模型,并据此拟合了反应动力学参数,计算了反应活化能。结果显示,陈化反应速率随温度的升高而加快,反应级数为1.57,反应速率常数约（2.49×10^-3）～（4.06×10^-2）,反应活化能（43.0 kJ·mol^-1）较低,在常温下极易自发反应。采用拟合参数对陈化过程进行模拟,提出若以30 min内的陈化率控制在3%以下为目标,工业操作温度应控制在23 ℃以下。     

氧化锌/氧化铝复合粉体的制备及其对Cr(Ⅲ)的吸附

采用液相沸腾回流法制备了氧化锌/氧化铝复合粉体,探讨了掺铝量、投加量、温度和吸附时间对所制材料吸附Cr(III)的影响。结果表明,掺铝量为0.5%(摩尔分数),投加量为40 mg,吸附温度为26℃,吸附时间为30 min时材料对Cr(III)的吸附效果最好,吸附量可达165.00μg/mg。     

负载Ti/Fe腐植酸吸附剂的制备表征及对As(Ⅲ)吸附性能研究

制备了负载Ti/Fe腐植酸吸附剂,采用SEM、XRD等分析方法对负载Ti/Fe腐植酸的结构进行了表征,并对As(Ⅲ)进行了吸附性能的研究。结果表明,负载Ti/Fe腐植酸吸附剂较负载前的腐植酸,表面负载了大量类球状颗粒,内部孔道面积和表面积增加,活性吸附位点的数量增大,吸附能力有了明显的提高。在55℃、p H值为6、吸附平衡时间为120 min时,负载Ti/Fe腐植酸吸附剂对As(Ⅲ)有较好的吸附效果。负载Ti/Fe腐植酸吸附剂对As(Ⅲ)的吸附符合Freundlich吸附模型。     

负载Ti/Fe腐植酸吸附剂的制备表征及对As(Ⅲ)吸附性能研究

制备了负载Ti/Fe腐植酸吸附剂,采用SEM、XRD等分析方法对负载Ti/Fe腐植酸的结构进行了表征,并对As(Ⅲ)进行了吸附性能的研究。结果表明,负载Ti/Fe腐植酸吸附剂较负载前的腐植酸,表面负载了大量类球状颗粒,内部孔道面积和表面积增加,活性吸附位点的数量增大,吸附能力有了明显的提高。在55℃、p H值为6、吸附平衡时间为120 min时,负载Ti/Fe腐植酸吸附剂对As(Ⅲ)有较好的吸附效果。负载Ti/Fe腐植酸吸附剂对As(Ⅲ)的吸附符合Freundlich吸附模型。     

胶原纤维固载Fe(Ⅲ)对磷酸根的吸附特性

将Fe（Ⅲ）固载在胶原纤维上制备吸附材料,研究了该吸附材料对磷酸根的吸附性能。结果表明,当温度为303 K,溶液的初始浓度为62.0 mg P·L-1时,胶原纤维固载Fe（Ⅲ）(FeICF)对磷酸根的吸附容量为32.69 mg P·g-1。在pH为3.0～6.0范围内平衡吸附量较大,即当磷酸根在溶液中以H2PO-4的形式存在时有利于吸附。吸附等温线符合Langmuir方程,吸附容量随温度和Fe（Ⅲ）的固载量的增加而增加。FeICF对磷酸根的吸附动力学符合拟二级速度方程。溶液中存在的Cl-、NO-3、SO2-4及CO2-3对磷酸根的吸附没有影响,表明FeICF对磷酸根有较强的选择吸附能力。     

胶原纤维固化铁(Ⅲ)吸附材料的制备及其吸附细菌

将三价铁固化在胶原纤维上制备吸附材料,并对其吸附细菌的特性进行了研究.结果表明,铁(Ⅲ)是以化学键与胶原纤维结合,不会被水浸出;该吸附材料对细菌具有很强的吸附能力,当大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌菌体浓度分别为1.02×10⁷ cfu•ml^-1和9.80×10⁶ cfu•ml^-1时,30℃条件下吸附1 h后胶原纤维对它们的吸附容量分别达到2.04×10⁹cfu•g^-1和3.15×10⁹ cfu•g^-1,其吸附平衡符合Freundlich方程.菌龄对吸附平衡的影响较大,而温度及pH的影响不大.进一步研究表明,胶原纤维固化铁对细菌的吸附动力学可以用拟二级速率方程来描述,由该方程计算得到的平衡吸附量与实测值非常吻合,误差在2％以内;此外,其吸附速度非常快,吸附有可能是在材料的表面进行.     

新型腐植酸吸附树脂合成及其对Fe（Ⅲ）吸附效应的研究

以天然腐植酸为原料，丙烯酸和二乙醇胺为接枝共聚单体合成了具有吸附性能的新型腐植酸-丙烯酸二乙醇胺树脂PHAE，探讨了吸附温度、时间、pH值、Fe3+初始浓度、树脂投加量对水中微量Fe3+吸附效应的影响，结果表明水溶液中Fe3+浓度为50 mg/L、pH为5、温度为30℃时，按2 g/L投加PHAE树脂，吸附平衡时吸附量可达5.26 mg/g，Fe3+的去除率达89.65%。     

硝酸体系中Cyanex923萃取La(Ⅲ)性能研究

研究了硝酸体系中中性萃取剂Cyanex923(三烷基氧膦混合物)对轻稀土元素La(Ⅲ)的萃取性能.考察了金属离子、Cyanex923及硝酸根的浓度对La(Ⅲ)萃取的影响,由斜率分析法确定了反应机理,得出萃取平衡方程.探讨了温度对Cyanex923萃取La(Ⅲ)的影响,由Van't Hoff方程计算出温度范围在298～3...     

Fe(Ⅲ)Y分子筛的制备及吸附脱硫性能

采用离子交换法对HY分子筛进行改性制备了Fe(Ⅲ)Y分子筛,采用X-射线衍射及N2吸附-脱附技术进行表征,并测试了其吸附性能。结果表明,离子交换法制备的Fe(Ⅲ)Y分子筛比表面积等结构参数较HY分子筛的略有降低,较好的保持了分子筛的晶体结构。在吸附时间2h,吸附温度70℃,剂油比为0.04时,Fe(Ⅲ)Y分子筛的吸附脱硫率可达到68.9%。分子筛再生性能测试表明,Fe(Ⅲ)Y分子筛重复使用4次后脱硫率下降了9.1%,说明催化剂稳定性及再生性能良好。