SiC颗粒增强高硅复合材料的低压铸造

生产高质量铸件的低压铸造工艺可以用来制造Duralcan A1-SiCp复合材料.添加不同百分含量(质量分数ω分别为9%、15%、20%和25%)的硅,随后可通过低压铸造工艺来铸造复合材料.2 mm壁厚、无缺陷、高质量的高硅复合材料铸件也可以通过这种工艺获得.低压铸造工艺铸造出来的复合材料铸件的显微结构显示出颗粒呈均匀的分布,材料具有良好的强度性能.     

地下水管接头立式离心铸造工艺

叙述了管接头铸件立式离心铸造的工艺,其中包括设计原则和工艺参数.它和重力铸造相比,提高铸钢件工艺出品率15%-30%,极大地改善材料性能和降低生产成本,能获得无缺陷高质量的铸件.     

回转体型铸件转角缺陷产生原因分析与消除措施

某回转体型铸件原铸造工艺采用热冒口压边浇注方法,两个铸件共用同一个热冒口,生产效率和工艺出品率高,但是在铸件转角内壁处易产生铸造缺陷,废品率高达60%～70%。经过分析将铸造工艺改为＂底注式无冒口铸造工艺＂,彻底消除了铸件转角处缺陷,获得了良好的经济效益。     

提升摇臂壳体铸件工艺出品率的Magma模拟研究

针对采煤机摇臂铸件铸造工艺出品率低问题,采用Magma模拟软件对铸造工艺过程进行了模拟与优化,预测了铸件铸造缺陷的分布,提高了铸件铸造工艺出品率。结果表明,优化后的铸造工艺出品率由52.0%提高到了74.8%,铸件毛重从7.8 t降到了5.3 t,降低了生产成本。     

轮毂类铸件覆砂铁型铸造工艺及设备

对轮毂铸件采用粘土砂湿型铸造、冷硬树脂砂铸造、离心铸造和覆砂铁型铸造的优缺点进行了对比,说明采用覆砂铁型铸造工艺大批量生产轮毂铸件的优势.介绍覆砂铁型工艺的流程及用于轮毂类铸件生产的机械化和简单机械化铸造生产线,以两种不同形状、壁厚的轮毂铸件及类似铸件为例,介绍覆砂铁型铸造工艺的应用情况.     

高强铝合金薄壁件熔铸工艺

针对某铸造铝铜合金铸件薄壁复杂结构特点和铸造合金特性,研究了其铸造工艺.借助数值模拟技术预测缩孔、缩松缺陷,并通过热处理后合金力学性能测试,优化铸造工艺,试制出了合格的铸造铝铜合金薄壁铸件.结果表明,采用适合的熔炼、铸造工艺,可以提高铸造铝铜合金铸造性能,为铸造高强铝合金薄壁铸件研制提供参考.     

大型空腔铸件铸造工艺研究

以下凸模铸件为例,详细研究大型空腔铸件的铸造工艺.通过改进铸造工艺,解决了大型空腔铸件铸造过程中的漂芯、排气等问题,获得高质量的铸件产品.     

薄壁件ZGOCr23Ni1 3喷头的铸造

薄壁铸件的铸造,历来是铸造工艺上的难点,特别是高合金钢超薄壁铸件的铸造,难度更大.本文在超薄壁铸件喷头的铸造工艺上采取了一些相应措施,取得了成功.     

大型矿山机械下机架铸件铸造工艺优化

针对超级旋回式矿石破碎机下机架铸件铸造工艺出品率较低和铸件缺陷较多等问题,对原铸造工艺进行了改进,采用大平面朝下的造型方案,调整了冒口、补贴和冷铁的设置,增加了内浇口数量,应用MAGMA软件对铸件的凝固过程进行了模拟,证实了改进后铸造工艺的有效性.生产结果表明,下机架铸件的铸造工艺出品率达到65％,铸件质量得到明显改进,彻底解决了铸件的疏松、裂纹和夹渣问题.     

铝合金缸盖铸造工艺参数优化

金属型重力铸造的浇注方式和铸造工艺参数,如浇注温度、浇注时间和模具温度是影响铸件质量的重要因素。在金属型重力铸造中,可以通过改变这些工艺参数,达到提高铸件成品率的目的。运用MAGMA软件对金属型重力铸造铝合金缸盖的铸造过程进行数值模拟。分别采用顶注和底注方式,以及铸造工艺参数(浇注温度、浇注时间和模具温度)的正交试验方案,优化了缸盖铸件铸造工艺参数。采用优化后的铸造工艺方案,铝合金缸盖铸件合格率达到98%。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.