HPLC法测定复方扶芳藤合剂中人参皂苷Rb1的含量

建立复方扶芳藤合剂中人参皂苷Rb1的含量测定方法。利用高效液相色谱法,采用Ulitimate XB-C18(2)柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相:V(乙腈)-V(水)(30∶70);柱温:室温;流速:0.7 m L·min-1;检测波长:203 nm;进样量:10μL。人参皂苷Rb1的线性回归方程为Y=816 921.4 X-689.2,r=0.999 9。人参皂苷Rb1在0.01~1μg范围内呈良好的线性关系。人参皂苷Rb1的平均回收率为99.08%,RSD为1.33%(n=6)。该方法稳定、重复性好,结果准确,可作为复方扶芳藤合剂中人参皂苷Rb1的含量测定方法。     

高效液相色谱法测定紫丹活血胶囊中人参皂苷Rg1的含量

建立高效液相色谱法测定紫丹活血胶囊中人参皂苷Rg1的含量。色谱条件:色谱柱为Shim-pack VP-ODS(150×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相︰乙腈-水(19︰81);流速:1.0 m L/min;检测波长:203 nm;柱温:30℃;进样量:10μL。线性范围为0.17875~0.89375 mg/m L(r=0.9999),加标平均回收率为99.03%,RSD为0.61%。本方法准确度高、精密度高、重复性好、简捷易操作,可以作为紫丹活血胶囊中人参皂苷Rg1含量的测定方法。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定三七提取物中三七皂苷R1与人参皂苷Rg1、Rb1含量

建立了高效液相色谱法同时测定三七提取物中三七皂苷R1与人参皂苷Rg1、Rb1含量的方法。采用高效液相色谱仪,Agilent ODS-C18(5μm,4.6mm×250mm)液相色谱柱,流动相为乙腈-水梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 mL/mim,检测波长为203 nm,柱温为35℃。结果表明,三七皂苷R1在度15.29~244.60 mg/L的范围内(r=0.9998),人参皂苷Rg1在14.30~228.90 mg/L范围内(r=1.0000),人参皂苷Rb1在13.13~210.11 mg/L范围内(r=1.0000),线性关系良好。三七皂苷R1和人参皂苷Rg1、人参皂苷Rb1平均加标回收率分别为99.54%、101.61%、102.99%,峰面积相对标准偏差RSD(n=6)分别为1.67%、0.93%、0.92%。该方法简便、准确,重现性好,可以对三七提取物中三七皂苷R1与人参皂苷Rg1、Rb1进行定量分析。     

HPLC法同步测定三七粉中人参皂苷Rg1、Rb1及三七皂苷R1的含量

目的:采用HPLC法同步测定三七粉中人参皂苷Rg1、Rb1及三七皂苷R1含量。方法:采用SGE protecol C18(5μm,4.6×250mm)色谱柱,流动相为乙腈—水梯度洗脱(0~12min,19∶81;12~60min,19~36∶81~64),检测波长为203nm,流速1.0mL/min,进样量20μL。结果:人参皂苷Rg1、人参皂苷Rb1、三七皂苷R1分别在25.625~430mg/L、26.875~410mg/L、10.625~170mg/L范围呈线性,相关系数r分别为0.9999、0.9998、0.9996;该方法重复性及回收率均符合要求。结论:本法用于同步测定三七粉中人参皂苷Rg1、Rb1及三七皂苷R1的含量,具有简便、准确、高效等特点。     

HPLC-ELSD同时测定知母药材中3种主要皂苷含量

目的:首次建立同时测定知母药材中3种主要皂苷含量的HPLC-ELSD法。方法:采用Diamonsil C18(2)柱(250×4.6mm,5um),流动相为甲醇(A)-水(B),梯度洗脱;流速1.0m L·min~(-1);柱温30℃;蒸发光散射检测器雾化器流速2.0L·min~(-1);漂移管温度50℃;进样量10u L。结果:知母皂苷O、知母皂苷BII、知母皂苷BI浓度分别在64.13~1026μg·mL~(-1)(r=0.9989)、57.15~1028μg·mL~(-1)(r=0.9965)、67.32~1077μg·mL~(-1)(r=0.9998)的范围内呈良好的线性关系。加样回收率平均值为99.43%~102.8%,RSD为1.78%~2.58%。结论:该含量测定方法简便,准确,可靠,能同时测定知母皂苷O、知母皂苷BII、知母皂苷BI 3种有效成分含量。     

不同放置年限黄药子中黄独素B的含量测定

用HPLC法测定不同放置年限黄药子中黄独素B的含量。采用C18柱(250 mm×4.60 mm,5μm);流动相:甲醇-0.1%磷酸水(35∶65);检测波长:210 nm;流速:1.0 m L·min-1;柱温:25℃。黄独素B在5.36~53.60μg·m L-1(r=0.9993)的浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,加样回收率为RSD=3.37%。不同放置年限的黄药子块茎部位含量相近;黄药子药材茎中含量很少,可以忽略不计,叶中黄独素B含量约为块茎含量的五分之一,可以有效利用黄药子药材的叶子部位。     

高效液相色谱法定量分析竹节参中人参皂苷Rb1的含量

用RP-HPLC测定竹节参中人参皂苷Rb1的含量,采用Venusil ABS C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm5,μm),以乙腈-水(35∶65)为流动相,流速1 mL/min,检测波长203 nm。结果表明,人参皂苷Rb1在25～500μg/mL间线性关系良好(r=0.999 4),平均加样回收率为99.64%,RSD=1.52%。该方法快速、准确、重现性好,可用于竹节参中人参皂苷Rb1的含量测定。     

高效液相色谱法测定过岗龙药材中表儿茶素的含量

建立过岗龙药材中表儿茶素的高效液相色谱测定法,并对3批过岗龙药材进行表儿茶素含量测定分析。色谱柱为YMC C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相:乙腈-0.05%磷酸(10∶90,V/V);检测波长:280 nm;流速:0.8 m L·min-1;柱温:30℃。结果表明,表儿茶素含量在0.2534~1.2595μg范围内与峰面积积分值线性关系良好,r=1.0000。平均回收率为105.88%,RSD为1.79%(n=6);3批样品中表儿茶素含量在1.7332~2.6634 mg/g范围内。本研究建立的方法简便快速、准确可靠,可用于过岗龙药材含量测定和质量监控。     

HPLC法测定粉萆薢和绵萆薢中薯蓣皂苷元的含量

建立了高效液相色谱法对粉萆薢和绵萆薢药材中薯蓣皂苷元的含量测定方法,通过测定比较两者含量大小。方法:采用反相高效液相色谱法:色谱柱为Gemini C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),甲醇∶水(95∶5)为流动相,流速:1.0 mL/min,检测波长:210 nm,对粉、绵萆薢药材中的薯蓣皂苷元进行含量测定。结果表明:线性范围为0.120 5~1.205 mg/mL,r=0.9997,平均回收率99.59%,RSD=0.46%(n=5),粉萆薢的平均含量为0.481 1 mg/mL,绵萆薢的平均含量为0.101 0 mg/mL。本实验方法简便,快速,结果可靠,可用于对粉、绵萆薢药材中薯蓣皂苷元的含量测定,得出粉萆薢中薯蓣皂苷元的含量远大于绵萆薢中的含量。     

心益好胶囊质量标准的研究

目的:建立心益好胶囊的质量标准。方法:进行三七、冰片的TLC鉴别;采用HPLC-ELSD法测定三七皂苷R1的含量,色谱柱为COSMOSIL 5C_(18)-PAQ Packed Column柱(250 mm×4.60 mm,5μm);流动相为乙腈-水(24∶76),流速1.0 m L.min-1;检测器为蒸发光散射检测器,氮气压力3.5 bar,漂移管温度41℃。结果:薄层色谱法定性鉴别分离度好,专属性强,重复性良好。三七皂苷R1在0.2308~11.54μg线性关系良好(r=0.9999);平均回收率为97.50%,RSD为2.06%。结论:该方法可有效提高心益好胶囊的质量标准。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.