Ce对Sm-Cu-Ni-Al大块非晶玻璃形成能力及热稳定性的影响

用水冷铜模吸铸法制备出名义成分（at％，下同）为Sm55-xCexCu15Ni10Al20（x=0，7，10，13，15，20，25）的合金样品。利用X射线衍射仪确定合金的结构，用示差扫描量热计（DSC）研究合金的玻璃转变、晶化和熔化行为。通过过冷液相区宽度△Tx和约化晶化温度Tx／Tm来表征Sm基大块非晶的玻璃形成能力，用Tg和Tx来表征其热稳定性。结果表明，Ce的加入使Sm基块体金属玻璃热稳定性降低，当Ce含量为10at％时，其玻璃形成能力最强，可以制备出φ5mm以上的块体金属玻璃，同时应用Miedema理论和等效电负性差△X讨论了该系列合金的玻璃形成能力。     

Ni对Zr—Cu基合金玻璃形成能力〔GFA）的影响

最近具有大过冷度 (>60Ｋ)液相区的Ｚｒ系合金引起人们广泛的注意 ,因为它们具有优异的玻璃形成能力 ,能制成大块非晶态合金 ,如Ｚｒ Ｔｉ Ｎｉ Ｃｕ Ｂｅ、Ｚｒ Ａｌ Ｎｉ、Ｚｒ Ｃｕ Ｎｉ Ａｌ、Ｚｒ Ｔｉ Ｎｉ Ｃｕ Ａｌ,在这些合金中均含有Ｎｉ元素 ,其对大块非晶形成有着重要作用。Ｚｒ Ｃｕ Ｎｉ合金非晶形成研究发现与Ｉｎｏｕｅ根据实验提出的玻璃形成的概念不同 ,Ｉｎｏｕｅ认为合金中三种主要构成元素原子尺寸差大于 1 2 % ,负的混合热即易形成非晶 ,但是Ｃｕ、Ｎｉ原子尺度仅差 3 % ,且原子混合热为 +4ｋＪ/ｍｏｌ。因此必须研究…     

大块非晶合金的电子束焊接

近年来已能用较低的冷却速度 (1～ 10 0Ｋ/ｓ)直接由熔体制取厚度 10ｍｍ左右的高玻璃形成能力的大块非晶合金。这种大块非晶合金也具有在晶化前很宽的过冷液相区和高变形率超塑性以及在过冷液相状态优良的加工性。在 2 0 0 1年日本熊本大学解决了大块非晶合金材料的焊接问题 ,     

Ti-Cu-Ni三元大块非晶合金的制备与力学性能

采用铜模喷铸法成功制备出成本较低、直径为2 mm的Ti基Ti50Cu42Ni8大块非晶合金.利用XRD、DSC及SEM等手段研究了Ti50Cu50-xNix(x=5, 8, 11)合金的非晶形成能力、力学性能与变形行为.结果表明:Ti50Cu42Ni8大块非晶合金具有明显且较高的玻璃转变温度Tg(659 K)、晶化初始温度Tx(716 K)、宽的过冷液相区ΔTx=Tx－Tg(57 K)、高的约化玻璃转变温度Trg=Tg/Tm(0.565)和压缩断裂强度(2008 MPa).     

Zr56.6Cu17.3Ni12.5Al9.6Ti4块体非晶合金的玻璃形成能力

采用低纯度的原料,通过电弧熔炼铜模铸造法制备了直径达10mm的Zr56.6Cu17.3Ni12.5Al9.6Ti4非晶合金圆棒.该合金玻璃转变温度tg＝385.8℃,晶化温度tx＝464.2℃,过冷液相区温差Δtx＝78.4℃,约化玻璃温度trg(tg/tmL)＝0.62.以基于DTA的合金凝固点偏移的方法确定该合金的临界冷却速度Rc=7.1℃/s,低于商业合金Vit.105合金的临界冷速(约为10℃/s).楔形试样对比结果显示:Zr56.6合金试样中的非晶组织区域明显大于Vit.105合金的,预示前者具有较好的实际玻璃形成能力.以上结果表明,Zr56.6Cu17.3Ni12.5Al9.6Ti4合金是Zr-Al-Ni-Cu-Ti系中玻璃形成能力最强的合金之一.     

Zr-Al-Ni-Fe块体非晶合金的成分设计与优化

以等电子浓度和等原子尺寸为判据,以Zr-Al-Ni-Fe合金系为研究体系,设计并制备了7种电子浓度和平均原子尺寸相等但成分不同的系列块体合金.XRD结果表明,只有靠近Zr-Al-Ni三元系的4个合金得到块体非晶;DSC和DTA结果表明,这4个合金中的最佳成分,即具有最高玻璃形成能力和最好热稳定性的合金是Zr60 7Al15.5Ni15.5Fe8.3,其特征热力学参数Tg=710 K,Tx=770 K,△Tx=60 K,Tg/Tm=0.607,Tg/Tl=0.552.     

Zr_(56.6)Cu_(17.3)Ni_(12.5)Al_(9.6)Ti_4块体非晶合金的玻璃形成能力

采用低纯度的原料,通过电弧熔炼铜模铸造法制备了直径达10mm的Zr56.6Cu17.3Ni12.5Al9.6Ti4非晶合金圆棒。该合金玻璃转变温度tg=385.8℃,晶化温度tx=464.2℃,过冷液相区温差Δtx=78.4℃,约化玻璃温度trg(tg/tmL)=0.62。以基于DTA的合金凝固点偏移的方法确定该合金的临界冷却速度Rc=7.1℃/s,低于商业合金Vit.105合金的临界冷速(约为10℃/s)。楔形试样对比结果显示:Zr56.6合金试样中的非晶组织区域明显大于Vit.105合金的,预示前者具有较好的实际玻璃形成能力。以上结果表明,Zr56.6Cu17.3Ni12.5Al9.6Ti4合金是Zr Al Ni Cu Ti系中玻璃形成能力最强的合金之一。     

Ti对Ni-Nb玻璃态合金的热稳定性和玻璃形成能力的影响

Ｌｎ基、Ｍｇ基、Ｚｒ基和Ｐｄ Ｃｕ基块体玻璃态合金具有优异的力学性能 ,但其抗压断裂强度并不高 (<2 0 0 0ＭＰａ)。新近开发成功了抗压断裂强度高于 2 0 0 0ＭＰａ的Ｈｆ基、Ｎｉ基和Ｃｕ基块体玻璃态合金 ,Ｎｉ Ｎｂ Ｔｉ三元系大块玻璃态合金的抗压断裂强度超过 30 0 0ＭＰａ。因此 ,研究了Ｎｉ6 0 Ｎｂ40 -ｘＴｉ(ｘ =0～ 40 )玻璃态合金的力学性能、过冷液体的热稳定性和玻璃形成能力。研究用的多元Ｎｉ基合金是由纯镍、铌和钛金属混合配料在氩气氛下电弧熔炼制得的铸锭。合金锭重溶 5次以确保其化学均质性 ,重熔后用铜模铸造法制备…     

Fe-Co-Ni-Zr-Mo-W-B块体非晶合金的玻璃形成能力与热稳定性

采用铜模铸造法,可以制备出直径为3 mm的非晶圆柱棒.结合差热分析、X射线衍射和透射电镜分析测试结果,从动力学和结构学等方面阐述了Ni元素对Fe58Co10-xNixZr10Mo5W2B15(x=0,3,4,5,6,摩尔分数,%)合金系玻璃形成能力和热稳定性的影响.结果表明:Ni元素含量的微量变化可以明显改善Fe58Co10-xNixZr10Mo5W2B15(x=0,3,4,5,6)合金系的玻璃形成能力;当Ni含量达到4%时,Fe58Co6Ni4Zr10Mo5W2B15具有最佳的玻璃形成能力,晶化温度(Tx)、玻璃转变温度(Tg)、过冷液相区宽度(△Tx)、玻璃形成能力判据Trg和y分别为887 K、957 K、70 K、0.590 2和0.400 4.     

大块非晶合金的热物性及冷却过程的数值模拟

对大块非晶合金Zr4 1Ti14 Ni10 Cu12 .5Be2 2 .5(摩尔分数 )的比热容和导热系数进行了测量 ,发现在 15～ 35 0℃范围内 ,其比热容和导热系数随温度的增高而增大 ,二者的变化范围分别为 0 .386～ 0 .485kJ/ (kg·℃ )和 4.80～ 7.74W/ (m·℃ )。在深过冷区域的比热容和导热系数分别是 0 .5 9kJ/ (kg·℃ )和 9.5 5W / (m·℃ )。在对此合金的比热容和导热的系数测量和分析的基础上 ,利用这些参数对其冷却过程进行了数值模拟 ,并用楔形试样进行了验证。利用数值模拟可以预测Zr4 1Ti14 Ni10 Cu12 .5Be2 2 .5合金在水冷铜模铸造过程中的冷却速度 ,并依此判定是否能够获得非晶态铸件。     

Sn对ZrTiNiCuAl非晶合金玻璃形成能力的影响

研究了固溶元素Sn掺杂对Zr52.5Ti5Ni14.6Cu17.9Al10非晶合金玻璃形成能力（GFA）的影响，结果发现，掺杂不同含量的Sn会使玻璃化温度Tg,晶化温度Tx不同程度地向高温移动，但对合金熔化温度Tm温度不大。当Sn的摩尔分数为1．86％时，合金玻璃化温度Tg提高了17℃，晶化温度Tx提高了36℃，从而使△Tx提高了19℃，玻璃化温度与合金熔点温度的比值Trg由0.63提高到0.65分析了Sn元素对Tg,Tx及玻璃形成能力的影响。     

冲击波淬火条件下凝固的锆基合金

利用二级轻气炮驱动飞片高速撞击产生的高温高压对ZrTiCuNiBe合金试样进行冲击波淬火,制备了Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5大块金属玻璃。由于冲击波对合金熔体的复杂效应,冲击波淬火制备的试样具有与水淬试样不同的结构、热稳定性和物性参数。与水淬试样相比,冲击波淬火的试样具有较高的玻璃转变温度和晶化温度,较低的密度和较高的声速。冲击波淬火是一种极具前途的大块金属玻璃制备方法。     

Prevention of Exit Crack in Micro Drilling of Soda-Lime Glass

In micro drilling of glass plates, cracks occur at the exit surface. In this work, a back-up glass plate was used to prevent the exit crack. The mechanical lateral constraint was applied to the workpiece and the back-up glass plate to reduce tensile stress near the drill corner. In this way, crack-free holes could be produced. In order to avoid careful fixturing for the mechanical constraint, two glass plates were adhered with various liquids. It is shown that the liquid adhesion of the back-up glass plate without the mechanical constraint is a more effective method to prevent exit crack.     

Slicing Process Monitoring of Quartz Glass Ferrules using Acoustic Emission

Inappropriate conditions and blade wear in the glass ferrule slicing process are likely to cause chipping, scratching, and inaccuracies in ferrules. To limit such abnormal occurrences, in-process monitoring of the slicing process is necessary. The AE (Acoustic Emission) signal is known to be a useful tool to detect cracks and chippings in cutting brittle materials such as ceramics and glass, because high-frequency acoustic waves are emitted in material fracture. In this study, the glass ferrule slicing process was analyzed and modeled in two stages - cutting and polishing - according to the relative position of the blade and the glass rod. The AErms (root mean square of AE) for various slicing cases, was acquired and investigated both qualitatively and quantitatively based on the process model, the AE feature was extracted for each abnormal state: the high-frequency component of AE for chipping and the low-frequency component for wear. In this paper, a monitoring algorithm using two index parameters - kurtosis and level ratio - of AErms is proposed to discriminate abnormal states - chipping and wear - in the glass ferrule slicing operation.     

Abrasive water jet machining of glass with stagnation effect

Abrasive water jet processes of glass are presented for crack-free machining of micro grooves and fluid polishing of micro channels with CFD analysis. In machining of the micro grooves, the abrasive is supplied to flow through intended machining area using the tapered masks. Stagnation under the jet and the horizontal flow on the machining area are controlled to generate crack-free surfaces by the mask shape. The same effect can be applied to polishing of the micro channels pre-machined by milling. Stagnation controlled by the inner wall of the channel changes the flow direction while keeping high fluid velocities.     

Spiral-structured fixed-abrasive pads for glass finishing

Loose-abrasive machining with cerium oxide (ceria) slurry is traditionally employed for finishing glass. However, the use of slurries can have a detrimental impact on the environment. Fixed-abrasive machining has received attention as an alternative technology; however, conventional fixed-abrasive tools are inefficient. In this study, spiral-structured pads with fixed-abrasive layers and abrasive holding layers are introduced to increase the quality and efficiency of fixed-abrasive tools. The finishing experiments revealed a much higher finishing efficiency and good surface quality compared to those obtained in conventional polishing with ceria slurry.     

基于MATLAB乘用车门玻璃密封压装机动态特性研究

建立了东风轻型乘用车EQ6472前门玻璃密封条气动压装机系统的数学模型,采用MATLAB对其进行了动态特性分析,得到了压装机的时域响应和频域响应特性曲线.分析结果表明:系统调整时间满足生产要求;系统是稳定的.     

超声波对铸造水玻璃砂性能的影响

水玻璃砂在混制后会出现老化现象,从而降低其强度、溃散性、抗吸湿性等。把模数为2.6左右的水玻璃放在频率为20kHz、功率为480W的超声波处理器中进行改性处理后测试其相关性能。结果发现,水玻璃的粘度随超声处理时间的延长不断降低,在30min时水玻璃粘度降低11%,水玻璃的润湿性较改性前提高13%~37%;水玻璃砂的干强度增幅达到48%;同时,水玻璃砂的高温残留强度下降41%;水玻璃在超声改性前后混制得到的水玻璃砂的抗吸湿性提高8%。结果表明,超声波处理可以提高水玻璃砂的强度和抗吸湿能力,同时能够提高型砂的溃散性。     

Ultrasonic Vibration Drilling of Microholes in Glass

Microholes with a diameter of 10 μm were drilled in glass by ultrasonic vibration cutting using a microtool fabricated by wire electrodischarge grinding. The workpiece was vibrated in order to realize high-precision tool rotation. Cutting was performed in the ductile regime at a depth of cut of 0.05 μm, leaving neither fractures nor cracks around the rim of the hole. The application of ultrasonic vibrations resulted in (1) a decrease in the required cutting force, (2) an extension of the tool life, (3) an increase in the permissible penetration and tool length and (4) smoother machined surfaces.     

Shear viscosity of inorganic glasses and polymers

The viscosity of metaphosphate glasses and polystyrene was measured in the shear deformation mode above and below the glass transition temperature T_g. The temperature dependence of the viscosity above T_g was well expressed by the Vogel–Tammann–Fulcher formula, while two relaxations of thermal activation type appeared below T_g. The overall temperature dependence in both materials was very similar with each other. The relaxation at the lower temperature was found to be sensitive to the internal state of the materials.