芦荟粘胶纤维针织面料的生产工艺

阐述了芦荟粘胶纤维的特性,介绍了采用18.4 tex芦荟粘胶纱为原料,在单面大圆机上开发生产一款新颖提花针织面料的编织工艺和染整工艺。编织工艺介绍了织针排列方式、上机三角工艺和意匠工艺。染整工艺介绍了煮练处方与工艺条件、染色处方与工艺条件。     

制钠技术中电解槽用阴极的国产化

文章对通过对内蒙古兰太实业股份有限公司制钠设备图纸审核得出的新制作工艺进行详尽的说明,制订了各类制作工艺—胎具制作工艺、焊接制作工艺、焊后热处理工艺、钳工划线工艺、镗床工艺、阴极筒加工工艺,依据制定的各类制作工艺进行改造后的阴极各项性能指标都达到了要求。通过此次成功改造,大大降低了公司的采购成本,缩短了产品的进货周期,同时也强化并提升了公司的设备制作技术,提高了公司设备制作方面的知名度。     

白酒贮存工艺研究进展

白酒贮存工艺的不同,对白酒质量产生的影响也不同。本文归纳和总结了近年来在白酒贮存工艺方面研究取得的成果,为了解白酒贮存工艺和科学地选择白酒贮存工艺用于企业生产实际提供参考。分别介绍了陶坛贮存工艺、不锈钢罐贮存工艺、水泥池贮存工艺、酒海贮存工艺以及瓶贮工艺的特点和对酒质的影响;总结了不同贮存工艺的优缺点及其适用性,以及使用不同贮存工艺时的注意事项;提出了白酒贮存工艺深入研究的展望。随着科学技术的发展,新型材料容器贮存工艺和新的质量稳固手段将使白酒按既定质量要求提升成为可能。     

小麦剥皮工艺与剥皮制粉关系探讨

分析了剥皮制粉工艺对剥皮麦的工艺要求和目前剥皮工艺存在的问题 ,介绍了FBPY小麦剥皮新技术的特点和剥皮工艺对剥皮制粉工艺的影响     

小麦剥皮工艺与剥皮制粉关系探讨

分析了剥皮制粉工艺对剥皮麦的工艺要求和目前剥皮工艺存在的问题，介绍了FBPY小麦剥皮新技术的特点和剥皮工艺对剥皮制粉工艺的影响。     

莫代尔竹炭纤维针织内衣面料的开发

介绍了利用莫代尔、竹炭纤维、纯棉纱线加氨纶丝开发针织内衣面料的工艺,包括原料选择、编织工艺和后整理工艺。编织工艺中详细阐述了设备参数、编织图、穿纱方式和编织注意事项。后整理工艺中介绍了工艺路线选择以及色织和印花的定形工艺。     

发酵工艺研究进展综述

本文从两个层面分析了发酵制品的工艺。原料预处理工艺方面,重点分析原料预处理工艺和发酵工艺;发酵制品发酵后处理工艺方面,主要分析了陈酿工艺、杀菌工艺和脱盐工艺,揭示我国发酵制品的传统工艺,并对新工艺进行简要的分析,以实现发酵制品工艺的可持续发展。     

基于装饰工艺的服装设计研究

叙述了装饰工艺的起源及其发展,分析了装饰工艺的种类及特点,调研了现有服装市场与装饰工艺的现状,阐述了装饰工艺的发展意义。     

真空灌注成型条件及应用研究

如今先进复合材料的应用越来越广泛,复合材料成型工艺的研究也越来越重要。介绍了一种低成本成型工艺——真空灌注成型工艺。对这一工艺的基本原理、工艺过程、工艺条件以及工艺影响因素进行介绍,并以实例介绍了真空灌注成型工艺在航空航天、风力机叶片制造和船舶制造业中的应用。     

安徽泾县"千年古宣"宣纸制作工艺调查研究

实地考查了安徽泾县千年古宣宣纸的制作工艺,并对其技术特点进行了分析,结论是千年古宣的优良品质主要来自于忠实地继承了中国传统造纸工艺中的浸沤工艺、石灰蒸煮工艺、自然漂白工艺与踏碓舂捣工艺。     

不同提取方式对枣汁香气成分的影响

为研究不同制备方法对枣汁香气成分的影响,采用加热提取法、超声波提取法和酶解浸提法制备红枣汁,对制备得到的红枣汁的香气进行富集,并经GC/MS联机检索分析,加热提取法制备的枣汁中共检出16种成分;超声波提取法中共检出18种成分;酶解浸提法制备的枣汁中共检出11种成分。不同的枣汁制备方法,其制备的枣汁的香气成分不同。     

基于GC-IMS技术分析加工关键单元对NFC比谢克幸甜瓜汁风味的影响

采用气相离子迁移谱（Gas chromatography-ion mobility spectroscopy,GC-IMS）技术,分析加工关键单元操作对NFC（not from concentration,NFC）比谢克幸甜瓜汁风味物质变化的影响,从而为其生产加工提供一定理论指导。以市售的新鲜比谢克幸厚皮甜瓜为实验材料,经过鲜榨、灭酶、均质、超声和灭菌5个操作单元加工获得NFC比谢克幸甜瓜汁。每个操作单元处理后取瓜汁样品,经GC-IMS技术定性分析风味物质,构建不同加工单元的瓜汁挥发性物质三维、二维地形图与指纹图谱及PCA分析。结果表明,从NFC比谢克幸甜瓜汁中共检出挥发性物质35种61个,其中醛类物质7种,醇9种,烃类10种,酮类5种,酯类4种。灭酶对瓜汁风味物质影响最大,使瓜汁产生挥发性异味物质苯甲醛等,同时促进丙酸乙酯等瓜汁主要呈香物质的形成。灭酶后甜瓜汁风味与其他加工单元操作处理后的瓜汁有明显差异。甜瓜汁主要呈香物质为醛类与酯类,其他加工关键单元操作对瓜汁中风味物质具有一定影响,可为控制NFC比谢克幸瓜汁制备过程中的加工参数、提高瓜汁的品质提供理论基础。     

不同品种猕猴桃制汁适应性评价

为了研究不同品种猕猴桃果实制汁的品质特性,选取了全国5个地区,3个种系,12个品种猕猴桃,对其理化品质、营养成分、加工性能等22项指标进行测定,对测定结果进行描述性评价和相关性分析,运用主成分分析对不同品种猕猴桃汁进行综合评价,建立了猕猴桃制汁品质评价模型,得出12个品种综合评分值排列顺序,筛选出适宜加工制汁的品种;并用电子鼻对猕猴桃汁香气进行测定和分析,得出不同品种果实香气成分之间的差异。结果表明:软枣猕猴桃中绿迷、益玉,中华猕猴桃中脐红、华优制汁品质较好,经主成分综合得分模型计算,综合得分 F均大于0,适合做为果汁类产品的加工原料。东红、海沃德不适宜作为制汁品种,F均小于-1。12种猕猴桃果汁主要的挥发性物质为甲基类、无机硫化物、氮氧化物和芳香醇类,响应值G/G0分别为20.43、19.90、17.95、8.06。研究结果为猕猴桃果汁等加工企业选择适宜的制汁品种提供了科学依据。     

Effect of Processing on the Quality of Pineapple Juice

Pineapple processing plays an important role in juice preservation. Because the quality of the pineapple juice is affected by the processing technology applied, the effects of pasteurization and other preservation methods on the overall juice quality were discussed. During juice processing, microorganisms are destroyed and chemical changes occur. To optimize processing conditions, knowledge of the kinetics of these reactions is needed, but as of yet, data on the degradation of the amino acids and vitamin C and the change in sugar contents during pineapple juice pasteurization are scanty. Furthermore, the kinetics of hydroxymethylfurfural production should be investigated by a precise technique such as high-performance liquid chromatography.     

Anthocyanin Analysis as a Measure of Glycosidase Activity in Enzymes for Juice Processing

A screening procedure combining HPLC and spectrophotometric analyses was developed to measure glycosidase activity of enzyme preparations used for juice processing. Enzyme preparations (27) were evaluated; several contained β-galactosidase activity which can decompose cranberry juice pigments. β-galactosidase and α-arabinosidase activities were also determined using standard procedures (nitrophenol glycosides as substrates). Comparative results showed inconsistencies between the two procedures. Cranberry juice processing demonstrated that some enzyme preparations could decompose anthocyanin pigments under processing conditions. Pigment loss was much higher when enzymes were used with juice than with crushed fruit.     

Effect of Thermal Processing and Carbon Dioxide-assisted High-pressure Processing on Pectinmethylesterase and Chemical Changes in Orange Juice

ABSTRACT: The effects of high-pressure processing (HPP), CO₂-assisted high-pressure processing (HPP + CO₂), and thermal processing on the chemical and physical properties of single-strength Valencia orange juice were evaluated over 4 mo of storage at 4 and 30 °C. The HPP + CO₂ juice had the greatest cloud stability and highest ascorbic acid retention. Volatile compound losses were lowest in the HPP juice and lower in the HPP + CO₂ juice compared to the thermally processed juice (p < 0.05). HPP + CO₂ produced a cloud-stable orange juice with more ascorbic acid and flavor volatiles than thermally processed juice (p < 0.05).     

非浓缩还原(NFC)苹果汁加工过程中糖酸风味组分和呼吸速率的变化

通过测定NFC苹果汁、固酸比以及糖酵解途径、三羧酸循环途径、磷酸戊糖途径、细胞色素途径和交替途径等的呼吸速率的变化,明确NFC苹果汁加工过程中影响糖酸风味品质的关键环节和转化的大致途径,为优化NFC苹果汁生产工艺提供依据。结果表明,NFC苹果汁加工过程中风味品质变化可分为原料到榨汁和灭酶到灌装两个阶段。第一个阶段,可溶性糖中的葡萄糖和山梨醇含量升高了49.12%和20.59%,有机酸中的苹果酸含量升高了8.06%、草酸含量显著降低了7.01%,TCAC呼吸速率升高0.64倍,CP呼吸速率降低0.85倍;第二个阶段,果糖、葡萄糖、苹果酸、草酸含量和固酸比的变化呈正态分布,与EMP途径、TCAC途径和AP途径的呼吸速率变化相关。因此,各加工环节对于果汁糖酸风味组分和呼吸速率的影响是不同的,热处理是NFC苹果汁加工过程中风味品质调控关键环节,应加强调节该环节果汁中心代谢酶促反应以优化糖酸风味品质。     

浓缩苹果汁加工中耐热菌的分析与控制

对浓缩苹果汁加工中的耐热菌的种类、生长特性、抗热性及来源和产生原因进行了详细的分析和研究,阐述了耐热菌的生长系列给果汁带来的危害,并提出一些控制耐热菌污染和系列的措施。     

CHANGES IN QUALITY ATTRIBUTES OF LONGAN JUICE DURING STORAGE IN RELATION TO EFFECTS OF THERMAL PROCESSING

Longan juice is accepted gradually by consumers due to its unique succulent, sweet and aromatic flavor. The effects of thermal processing (91C, 20 min) on quality related attributes (color, translucency, total soluble solids, total acidity, reducing sugars, ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds, protein and pectin) of longan juice during storage at low temperature were investigated. The heat-treated longan juice had a higher translucency and lower concentrations of pectin, phenolic compounds and proteins of longan juice, compared with the nonheat-treated juice. Furthermore, the thermal processing maintained higher concentrations of total soluble solids and total acidity but a lower ascorbic acid concentration. However, the thermal processing had no significant effects on reducing sugar concentration. Overall, the thermal processing maintained effectively color appearance and nutritional attributes such as total soluble solids and total acidity of longan juice during storage at low temperature. These results suggest that the thermal processing exhibits a potential for quality maintenance of longan juice.

PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS

Browning and turbidity are the major factor to influence quality of fruit juice during storage. Thermal processing is generally applied to improve quality and extend shelf life of fruit-related products. In this study, application of thermal processing exhibited potential for quality maintenance of longan juice in terms of evaluations of color, translucency and concentrations of total soluble solids, total acidity, reducing sugars, ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds, protein and pectin. The information obtained from this study could be used as a guideline for designing thermal processing to control the quality of longan juice.     

姜汁在鹅肉嫩化中的应用研究

实验研究了生姜汁对鹅肉的嫩化效果,对姜汁浓度、pH值、处理温度进行了研究,并且进一步通过正交实验选择出最佳嫩化工艺。结果表明:生姜汁对鹅肉的嫩化效果十分显著,通过正交实验确定的生姜汁对鹅肉嫩化的最佳工艺条件是:姜汁浓度6%,pH值为6.0,处理温度为50℃。