Structural characterisation of polysaccharides from Tricholoma matsutake and their antioxidant and antitumour activities

In this study, polysaccharides from Tricholoma matsutake (TM-P) were purified using a DEAE-Sepharose fast flow column and three polysaccharide fractions (TM-P1, TM-P2 and TM-P3) were obtained. The chemical composition and structural characteristics of TM-P2 were quite different from those of TM-P1 and TM-P3. TM-P2 consisted of glucose, galactose and mannose with a molar ratio of 5.9:1.1:1.0. The glycosidic linkages were mainly composed of 1,6- and 1-linked glucose. Furthermore, TM-P2 showed the strongest in vitro antioxidant and antitumour activities. The oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) of TM-P2 was 2100.44 μmol Trolox/g. The antiproliferative activities of TM-P2 (4.0 mg/ml) on the growth of HepG2 and A549 cells were 67.98% and 59.04%, respectively.     

Isolation,purification, and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides from Ziziphus Jujuba cv. Muzao

In the present study, crude polysaccharides from Ziziphus Jujuba cv. Muzao were isolated and purified using DEAE cellulose-52 and Sephadex G-100 size-exclusion chromatography; four fractions were collected, namely GZMP-1, GZMP-2, GZMP-3, and GZMP-4. The molecular weights of these four fractions were measured to be 111.2, 95.1, 84.2, and 571.4 kDa, respectively, using high-performance gel permeation chromatography. Gas chromatography analysis of the monosaccharide composition confirmed that GZMP-1 was composed of rhamnose, arabinose, glucose, and galactose. Rhamnose, arabinose, and galactose were the main components present in GZMP-2 and GZMP-3, whereas GZMP-4 was composed of only rhamnose and arabinose. Scanning electron microscopy showed relatively smooth surfaces for GZMP-1 and GZMP-4, whereas GZMP-2 and GZMP-3 had more folds on their surfaces. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses indicated that GZMP-1 and ZMP mainly had α-type glycosidic linkages. The in vitro antioxidant activities of the polysaccharides revealed that jujube polysaccharides exhibit remarkable antioxidant activity, and can scavenge DPPH radical and OH radical in a concentration-dependent manner. The results of this work suggest that polysaccharides from Z. Jujuba cv. Muzao have potential to be used as functional food and in the development of natural antioxidant drug carriers.     

信阳毛尖茶末多糖的分离纯化和体外抗氧化活性研究

为实现废弃茶叶资源的再利用以及探究信阳毛尖茶叶末活性多糖的体外抗氧化活性,本研究首先利用不同的乙醇终浓度沉淀优化毛尖茶粗多糖提取,然后通过DEAE-52纤维素和Sephadex-100葡聚糖凝胶分级两次纯化,并进行纯度鉴定、分子量的测定、红外光谱分析以及体外抗氧化活性的测定等。研究结果表明,90%的乙醇终浓度得率最高,为2.47%;两次分级纯化后得到XPS-5B,纯度分别为92.4%;XPS-5B符合活性植物多糖结构特征,为β-型糖苷键多糖,分子量为41208 Da;XPS-5B体外抗氧化活性随着组分浓度的增加而逐渐增强,当XPS-5B浓度为1.20 mg/mL时对DPPH自由基和羟自由基的清除率分别为89.18%、90.62%,总还原力吸光值为0.536,与未纯化的毛尖粗多糖相比,具有较强的抗氧化活性。     

Isolation,characterisation and sulphation of soluble polysaccharides isolated from Cucurbita maxima

Using hot water extraction, a large number of polysaccharides were obtained from Cucurbita maxima. A DEAE‐Sepharose CL‐6B chromatography column was used to isolate the major polysaccharides from C. maxima. Two fractions were obtained (LP2‐1 and LP2‐2). LP2‐1 and LP2‐2 consisted of neutral polysaccharides (MW: 1.02 × 10⁴ and 4.32 × 10⁸ g mol^?1, respectively) comprised mainly of galactose units. Analyses by FT‐IR spectrometry, partial acid hydrolysis, periodate oxidation, Smith degradation and GC‐MS indicated that LP2‐1 consisted of 85.3% (1→4) glycosidic linkages and 1.7% (1→3) or (1→6) glycosidic linkages. The LP2‐1 backbone consisted of (1→4)‐linked galactose units, which occasionally branched at O6 or O3. The branches were composed of (1→4)‐linked galactose and terminated with galactose (13%). Two sulphated derivatives (SLP2‐1 and SLP2‐2) with variable degrees of sulphation (DS) were obtained by the sulphur trioxide–pyridine method, without degradation of the polysaccharide. DS of PL2‐1 and PL2‐2 was 0.19 and 0.20, respectively.     

果胶多糖水热法降解及其产物体外抗氧化性评价

采用水热法降解商品果胶多糖,并对其降解产物的抗氧化活性进行评价。结果表明,水热法降解果胶多糖的最优工艺条件为水热处理温度140 ℃、水热处理时间30 min、pH 6;在此条件下,果胶多糖降解产物得率达46.2%。在此基础上,采用乙醇分级沉淀法对果胶多糖水热处理液进行分离,得到3 种不同分子质量范围的果胶多糖降解产物（S1、S2和S3）,其重均分子质量分别为13.4、7.5 kDa和5.7 kDa。以商品果胶多糖和3 种降解产物为研究对象,进行抗氧化性评价,结果表明,S1组分对1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼自由基的清除率达49.8%,是商品果胶的4 倍;S3组分对超氧阴离子自由基的清除率达58.7%,是商品果胶的10 倍。说明水热降解果胶多糖可显著提高其抗氧化活性,为果渣废弃物的高效利用提供理论依据。     

化橘红多糖的提取纯化及抗氧化活性研究

对化橘红粗多糖及其纯化组分的抗氧化活性进行研究。化橘红粉末经热水提取、乙醇沉淀、sevage法脱蛋白、透析得到粗多糖,粗多糖经DEAE-52纤维素阴离子交换层析柱分离,得到2个纯化组份ECP1和ECP2。采用化学法分别测定了粗多糖及其纯化组分的体外清除自由基(DPPH.,.OH,ABTS.+)能力、还原能力。粗多糖的多糖含量为74.29%,经DEAE-52纯化的组分ECP1和ECP2的多糖含量分别为83.39%和85.77%。结果表明粗多糖及其两个纯化组分均具有较好的抗氧化清除自由基的能力,并且抗氧化能力与多糖浓度之间存在良好的相关性。其中ECP2的抗氧化清除自由基能力强于ECP和ECP1,但是低于对照VC。     

三种食用菌多糖的基本结构与抗氧化活性研究

通过水提醇沉法提取香菇、黑木耳和红托竹荪的边角废料菌托中的多糖,并用Sevag试剂和透析法分离纯化,得到三种食用菌多糖。采用紫外分光光度计、高效凝胶渗透色谱法（high performance gel permeation chromatography,HPGPC）、红外光谱法（infrared spectroscopy,IR）、核磁共振波谱法（nuclear magnetic resonance,NMR）和刚果红实验分析三种食用菌多糖的分子量、官能团、糖苷键和三螺旋结构。将清除1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基（1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine free radical,DPPH·）和羟基自由基（Hydroxyl free radicals,OH·）的能力及Fe3+总还原力来判断三种食用菌多糖抗氧化能力,比较分析三种食用菌的基本结构和抗氧化活性。结果显示,制备的三种食用菌多糖都具有较好的均一性,分子量分布在万级和百万级。三种食用菌多糖含有相似的官能团,是既具有α构型又具有β构型的酸性多糖,且均具有三螺旋结构。此外,三种食用菌多糖在实验浓度范围内,均具有良好的抗氧化活性。其中红托竹荪菌托多糖在1.0 mg/mL浓度时对DPPH和在3.0 mg/mL浓度时对OH自由基的清除能力优于香菇和黑木耳多糖,高达66.86%和35.69%,对DPPH和OH自由基的清除能力IC₅₀值分别为0.010和0.195 mg/mL。综上,三种食用菌多糖的基本结构无显著性差异,但抗氧化活性差异较大,为工业化生产利用红托竹荪边角废料提取食用菌多糖奠定基础。     

不同生长年限铁皮石斛多糖含量与特性分析

采用凝胶渗透色谱方法测定多糖分子质量,柱前衍生化高效液相色谱法测定多糖的单糖组成,研究不同种植年限铁皮石斛多糖结构组成的差异及抗氧化能力。结果表明,5?a生铁皮石斛多糖含量最高,为238.60?mg/g,3?a生次之,为232.74?mg/g;4?a生铁皮石斛主要多糖分子质量高达1?383?kDa,3?a生次之,为1?046?kDa;1?a生铁皮石斛多糖的甘露糖比例最大,3?a生次之;3?a生铁皮石斛多糖的Fe3＋还原能力、羟自由基清除能力和总抗氧化能力最高。综合多糖含量和抗氧化活性测定结果得出,3?a生铁皮石斛品质最佳。     

多糖的磷酸化修饰及其生物活性研究进展

多糖是由多个单糖分子经脱水缩合,藉由糖苷键连接而成的天然大分子化合物,在生物中有储存能量、信息传递和组成结构的作用。多糖的理化性质受其空间结构、分子量、侧链取代基类型、数量和位置的影响。选择合适的改性方法对多糖进行分子修饰,提高其生物活性,这是研究多糖构效关系及开发多糖产品的重要途径。磷酸化多糖是多糖经特定的化学方法进行磷酸基团结构修饰制备的衍生物。本文重点阐述了酸法、磷酰氯法和磷酸盐法3种磷酸化多糖的修饰工艺和工艺条件,分析目前存在的问题,归纳了磷酸化多糖在抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抗病毒和免疫调节等方面的生物活性作用,旨在为多糖的构效研究中提供工艺参考和理论依据。     

不同分子量铁皮石斛多糖体外抗氧化活性研究

采用分步醇沉法对铁皮石斛总多糖(DSP)进行分离,得到乙醇终浓度为40%(DSP3)、70%(DSP2)和90%(DSP1)的多糖。进一步对4 种铁皮石斛多糖的抗氧化活性进行测定,结果显示：DSP1 对DPPH·的清除作用、总抗氧化能力、抑制H2O2 诱导红细胞氧化溶血和抑制Fe2+-VC 诱导的小鼠肝匀浆脂质过氧化作用效果最佳,DSP 和DSP3次之,DSP2 相对较弱;对·OH 的清除率大小依次为DSP ＞ DSP3 ＞ DSP1 ＞ DSP2;且不同相对分子质量的铁皮石斛多糖均可显著抑制羟基自由基介导的DNA 氧化断裂。结果提示：不同相对分子质量铁皮石斛多糖均有抗氧化作用,且抗氧化能力与其相对分子质量大小有关。     

Structural characterization and antioxidant activities of 2 water-soluble polysaccharide fractions purified from tea (Camellia sinensis) flower

Abstract: The water‐soluble crude polysaccharide tea flower polysaccharide (TFP), obtained from tea (Camellia sinensis) flower by boiling‐water extraction and ethanol precipitation, was fractionated by Sephadex G‐100 column chromatography, giving 2 polysaccharide fractions termed TFP‐1 and TFP‐2. The structural features of TFP‐1 and TFP‐2 were investigated by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gel‐permeation chromatography (GPC), rheometer, infrared (IR) spectra, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, atomic force microscope (AFM), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results indicated that TFP‐1 was composed of glucose: xylose: rhamnose: galactose = 1.0:1.2:0.81:0.98 with a molecular weight of 167.5 KDa, while TFP‐2 comprised glucose: xylose: rhamnose: arabinose = 1.0:0.76:2.3:2.3 with a molecular weight of 10.1 KDa. The ¹H NMR revealed that TFP‐1 contained α‐L‐Rhap, α‐D‐Galp, α‐D‐GalpNAc, α‐D‐Xylp, α‐D‐Glcp, and β‐D‐Glcp residues, while TFP‐2 was illustrated to have α‐L‐Rhap, α‐L‐Arap, α‐D‐Xylp, α‐D‐Glcp, and α‐D‐GlcpNAc residues. Antioxidant activities of these fractions were investigated using various in vitro assay systems compared with ascorbic acid. In conclusion, TFP‐2 exhibited the higher antioxidant activities and could be explored as a novel potential antioxidant. Practical Application: At present, commonly low‐grade tea is preferred to extract the tea polysaccharide, to take full advantage of tea flower resource to extract polysaccharides can greatly reduce the cost of tea products. Thus, the search for plant‐derived biomaterials from this study could generate natural value‐added products from underutilized tea plant waste and used as a medicinal agent against chronic health problems, such as cancers, aging, and atherosclerosis caused by reactive free radicals that produced from oxidation.     

洋甘菊多糖的分离纯化、性质结构及抗氧化活性分析

对热回流提取得到的洋甘菊多糖进行了分离纯化,并对得到的多糖的性质结构及抗氧化活性进行分析。经处理后的洋甘菊多糖先后利用DEAE-Sepharose和Sephadex G-100柱色谱分离纯化得到了2种均一多糖(MCP-1-1和MCP-2-1);经测定2种均一多糖总糖含量分别为82.23%、84.09%,糖醛酸含量分别为4.11%、5.38%,蛋白质含量分别为0.58%、1.05%,溶解度分别为98.36%、98.44%,分子质量分别为30902、7244 Da;单糖组成实验结果表明MCP-1-1是由鼠李糖(Rha)、葡萄糖醛酸(GlcA)、半乳糖(Gal)、葡萄糖(Glc)、木糖(Xyl)和阿拉伯糖(Ara)6种单糖组成,MCP-2-1是由GlcA、Gal、Glc、GalA、Xyl和Ara六种单糖组成,2种均一多糖均是不含三螺旋结构的酸性多糖,均含有吡喃环和β-糖苷键,MCP-1-1含有α-糖苷键;2种均一多糖具有良好的热稳定性。体外清除自由基试验结果显示MCP-1-1和MCP-2-1对DPPH自由基和·OH均有清除作用,而且清除能力与均一多糖的质量浓度正相关,MCP-2-1对2种自由基的清除能力明显高于MCP-1-1。研究结果表明,分离纯化得到的洋甘菊多糖可作为天然抗氧化剂,用于食品和化妆品中。     

夏枯草水溶性多糖体外抗氧化活性研究

目的研究夏枯草水溶性多糖乙醇分级组分的抗氧化活性。方法采用水提醇沉法得到夏枯草水溶性粗多糖,再经不同体积分数(20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%,v/v)的乙醇溶液逐级沉淀,依次得到不同分子量的六个夏枯草多糖组分(依次记为PVLP-1、PVLP-2、PVLP-3、PVLP-4、PVLP-5、PVLP-6)。进一步测定了其中四个组分(PVLP-2、PVLP-3、PVLP-4、PVLP-5)对DPPH、O~(2-)·和·OH的清除效率。结果从夏枯草中得到的PVLP-2、PVLP-3、PVLP-4、PVLP-5四个多糖组分对DPPH自由基清除效果最明显,在质量浓度为3.2mg/mL时,清除率依次为98.09%、90.05%、88.56%和87.71%。各组分对O~(2-)·以及·OH自由基的清除作用相对较差些,除PVLP-4清除·OH自由基的EC_(50)值为13.24 mg/mL外,其余均小于10 mg/mL。四个多糖组分中,PVLP-2的总体抗氧化效果优于其他各个组分。结论乙醇分级可以作为一种简便易行的分离纯化方法,制备具有良好抗氧化效果的水溶性夏枯草多糖。     

低共熔溶剂提取的黄精多糖性质分析

为研究低共熔溶剂提取条件对黄精多糖性质及体外抗氧化活性的影响,以鸡头黄精为原料,对不同条件下低共熔溶剂提取得到的黄精多糖进行相对分子量、单糖组成等基本性质和体外抗氧化活性的测定。结果显示,相比于传统水提醇沉法,采用低共熔溶剂法提取黄精多糖,70 ℃时得率为18%,提高了36%,所得多糖的相对分子量变小且半乳糖含量升高;100 ℃提取的多糖相对分子量更小,且主要成分为葡萄糖。羟基自由基与DPPH自由基清除率、总抗氧化能力测定结果均表明,采用低共熔熔剂在70 ℃条件下提取的黄精多糖体外抗氧化能力明显高于传统水提醇沉法和低共熔溶剂法在100 ℃条件下提取的黄精多糖。当浓度为3.0 mg/mL时,采用低共熔熔剂在70 ℃提取的黄精多糖总抗氧化能力为4.5 U/mL,是水提多糖的4.3倍,是100 ℃条件提取黄精多糖的7.4倍。低共熔溶剂对黄精多糖具有降低分子量、提高抗氧化性等效果,研究结果可以为低共熔溶剂在多糖提取方面的应用提供参考。     

Characterization of Water Extractable Crude Polysaccharides from Cherry,Raspberry, and Ginseng Berry Fruits: Chemical Composition and Bioactivity

Water extractable crude polysaccharides from three sweet cherry varieties, raspberries, and ginseng berry pulp were evaluated for their chemical composition, structural features, molecular weight, and bioactive properties. The yields of the crude polysaccharides isolated from cherries, raspberries, and ginseng berry pulp ranged from 0.79 to 0.18% on a dry weight fruit basis. All of the crude polysaccharides contained protein, phenolic compounds, and uronic acid. Each crude polysaccharide contained the sugar monomers: rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, galactose, and glucose. Of the water extractable polysaccharides obtained from the mature fruits, the crude polysaccharides from the raspberries had the highest molecular weight while the crude polysaccharides from the ginseng berry pulp had the smallest molecular weight. Results from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy suggested that the crude polysaccharides contained a monosaccharide with six carbon atoms in a D-glucopyranose ring and a protein component. The crude polysaccharides from cherries, raspberries, and ginseng berry pulp were shown to possess antioxidant activity as determined with the ferric reducing antioxidant power and the 2,2-azinobis (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging assays. The effect of crude polysaccharides on: (1) caspase 3 activation, which was determined using a hypoxia/reoxygenation model, and (2) immunostimulation, which was determined by evaluating the inflammatory mediator response, were examined. Only crude polysaccharides obtained from certain varieties of sweet cherries inhibited caspase 3 activation in a dose-dependent manner, while only the crude polysaccharides obtained from ginseng berry pulp stimulated immune function. Crude polysaccharides present in small fruits do possess bioactivities that may enhance human health.     

Extraction and structural identification of alkali-soluble polysaccharides of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) fruit pericarp

Two alkali-soluble polysaccharide fractions (ASPs I and II) were extracted from longan fruit pericarp in this work. The results of chemical composition indicated that ASP I and II fractions comprised mainly of polysaccharides, proteins and lignins. Four monosaccharides, namely Xyl, Ara, Glc and Gal, were identified for both ASPs I and II. Xyl was the dominant monosaccharide in the two alkali-soluble polysaccharides with relative molar percentages of >60%. It constructed the backbone in combination with Ara for both ASPs I and II. The analysis of glycosidic linkage indicated that Xyl had two linkages,→3)-Xyl-(1→ and →3, 4)-Xyl-(1→. The substitution at C-4 position indicated that Xyl was of pyranose structure. The infrared spectra of ASPs I and II showed the characteristic bands at approximate 897 cm^− 1 which indicated the β-linkage configuration of Xyl.

Industrial relevance

Hemicellulose has been suggested as an important polysaccharide with good pharmaceutical properties, including immune modulation and anti-cardiovascular diseases. In this work, alkali-soluble polysaccharides were extracted from longan fruit pericarp and fractionated. The structural characteristics were identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and infrared spectrophotometry. The results will be helpful for application of hemicellulose in functional food industry.     

茶多糖结构特征研究进展

茶多糖是一类复合型多糖，结构十分复杂，本文介绍了影响茶多糖含量的因素以及茶多糖结构的解析方法和特征。茶多糖含量在茶树品种、成熟度、茶树器官、茶叶加工方法和茶树生长环境等多种因素影响下存在差异；其结构组成单元包括8 种中性单糖、2 种糖醛酸、1.87%～38.00%蛋白质、18 种氨基酸和少量无机元素等，分子质量为2.56～3 900.00 kDa；糖链由单糖通过(1→2)、(1→3)、(1→4)、(1→2,4)等多种方式通过O原子连接而成，且存在分支；有些茶多糖分子存在三股螺旋结构；茶多糖分子会缠绕结合在一起形成形状各异、大小不一的聚集体；结构解析方法包括色谱、光谱、核磁共振、原子力显微镜、扫描电子显微镜等。此外，本文还简要归纳了茶多糖的构效关系，以期为后续茶多糖的结构特征和生物活性研究提供参考。     

Purification,composition analysis and antioxidant activity of a polysaccharide from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma atrum

A water-soluble protein-bound polysaccharide was extracted from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma atrum and isolated by gel-filtration chromatography. Its primary structural features and molecular weight were characterized by infrared spectrometry, gas chromatography, size exclusion chromatography, amino acid analyzer and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The data obtained indicated that the glycoprotein contains 10.1% of protein and 17 general amino acids and it is rich in glutamic acid, asparagic acid, alanine, glycine, threonine, and serine. It was mainly composed of mannose, galactose and glucose in a molar ratio of 1:1.28:4.91, with an average molecular weight of about 1013 kDa. The existence of an O-glycosidic linkage in PSG-1 (polysaccharide1) was demonstrated by a β-elimination reaction. The antioxidant activity of the purified polysaccharides was evaluated in vitro by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay, self-oxidation of 1,2,3-phentriol assay. Those various antioxidant activities were compared to standard antioxidants vitamin C and BHT. It was found that the scavenging effects of the purified polysaccharides increased with measuring concentration. The results indicated that the purified polysaccharides showed strong DPPH free radical and superoxide anion radical scavenging activities. This study suggested that the purified polysaccharides could potentially be used as natural antioxidants.     

Elaboration in type,primary structure,and bioactivity of polysaccharides derived from mollusks

Over the past decades, numerous Mollusca species have received more attention in development and utilization as valuable bio-resources. Many efforts have been focused on investigating mollusk polysaccharides because of their rich content, ease of extraction, diversified sorts, specific structure, various biofunctions and potent activities. To date, many mollusks, especially species of gastropods, bivalves, or cephalopods, have been reported containing polysaccharide compounds in tissues with abundant amount, and most of polysaccharides are obtainable through combining techniques of extraction, separation and purification. The polysaccharides isolated from mollusks appeared with various structural and physicochemical characteristics, ranged from neutral polysaccharides and sulfated polysaccharides, to GAGs series (including Hep/HS, CS/DS, HA and similarities), even to heterogeneous glycan with high molecular weight. This review article provides comprehensive knowledge of recent researches on type classification, tissue origins and possible biofunctions of various polysaccharides from mollusks. The highlights were placed in structure variation including molecular weight, sulfation pattern, linkages and monomer compositions for repeating unit, and primary molecular construction of the mollusks polysaccharides. In addition, this article covers general information on exhibition of mollusks polysaccharide extracts or preparations in the various bioactivities, such as anticoagulant, antiatherogenic, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antivirus and antitumor activities, which would reveal their possible potentials in medical application. Furthermore, the article presents a brief overview on several challenges and future scope in this field.     

山楂多糖的分离纯化及抗氧化和抗糖化活性研究

本研究以山楂果为原料,热水浸提法提取山楂多糖,脱色和除蛋白后采用DEAE-52纤维素进行分离纯化,在此基础上对各多糖组份的单糖组成以及体外抗氧化和抗糖化活性进行了检测,并对其构效关系进行了简单分析。结果表明,分离纯化分别得到水洗中性多糖(water-washed polysaccharide,WPS)以及盐洗酸性多糖SPS-1(salt-washed polysaccharide 1,SPS-1)、SPS-2和SPS-3,其层析回收产量分别为46.33%、7.86%、37.94%和7.12%。单糖组成分析发现,WPS的主要单糖组成为半乳糖、鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖和葡萄糖,而SPS-2、SPS-1和SPS-3的单糖组成主要为半乳糖醛酸、半乳糖、鼠李糖和阿拉伯糖,其中半乳糖醛酸含量依次为25.65%、74.93%和85.77%。结合单糖组成和红外光谱结果,SPS-1、SPS-2和SPS-3可能是果胶。体外活性研究结果表明,盐洗多糖的体外抗氧化和抗糖化活性明显强于水洗多糖,且盐洗多糖中SPS-3的活性最强,其次是SPS-2和SPS-1,这可能与其分子中较高的半乳糖醛酸含量和较低的分枝度有关。本研究结果在食源性天然抗氧化剂和抗糖化剂的开发方面具有重要意义。