质谱仪在乙二醇工艺中的动态监测

针对乙二醇生产工艺中气体组分浓度的动态监测,介绍了一种质谱检测方法。相比其它在线分析仪表,质谱仪具有实时在线测量组分多、灵敏度高、稳定性好、动态范围宽等优点。本文对质谱仪的工作原理及分析方法进行介绍,对质谱仪动态检测乙二醇工艺中组份浓度进行分析验证,其分析准确性及稳定性完全满足工艺检测需要,它的成功应用极大提高了乙二醇生产效率。     

四极杆质谱仪在焦炉煤气制甲醇工艺中的应用

针对焦炉煤气制甲醇工艺中新鲜气及合成气组分浓度的动态检测,介绍一种四极杆质谱仪进行检测的方法。相比其它在线分析仪表,四极杆质谱仪具有实时在线测量组分多、灵敏度高、稳定性好、动态范围宽等优点。本文对四极杆质谱仪的工作原理及分析方法进行介绍,对四极杆质谱仪动态检测焦炉煤气制甲醇工艺中组份浓度进行分析验证,其分析准确性及稳定性完全满足工艺检测需要,它的成功应用极大提高焦炉煤气制甲醇效率。     

国产过程质谱仪在环氧乙烷/乙二醇催化剂活化及驯化过程中的应用

环氧乙烷/乙二醇工艺通常在银催化剂作用下,乙烯和氧气反应生成环氧乙烷,环氧乙烷水解生成乙二醇。在反应过程中,需要监测反应器中气体组分的浓度,通过调节气体组成浓度比例,使催化剂充分激活。在线质谱仪具有实时在线测量组分多、灵敏度高、稳定性好、动态范围宽等优点。所以质谱仪可以应用在EO/EG催化剂活化过程中,快速分析气体浓度及对反应过程进行闭环控制,确保反应安全和高效。     

RD-034型防爆式热导氢分析器

在不少的工业生产流程中,往往产生或需要使用大量的氢气.为了保证生产的正常进行,对混合气或是空气中的氢气浓度进行检测十分必要.由于氢气是一种易燃易爆气体,而且爆炸浓度范围很大(4%—74.2%).因此,检测氢气浓度的仪器本身必须具有隔爆性能.     

换热器污垢化学清洗方案分析研究

针对换热器污垢化学清洗进行分析与研究,提出一套适用于换热器在线清洗的整体思路。通过污垢检测分析、清洗剂配方的确定及在线清洗装置的设计,得到了具有实用价值的方案。     

基于分离重叠谱峰的在线过程质谱气体定量分析方法

在线定量分析工业生产过程的反应气体或尾气,获知各组分气体含量,有助于及时调整生产工艺、提高产品质量,对相关工业的转型升级有着重要的意义。但受工业生产成本的影响,价格高昂的高分辨率质谱仪在工业在线定量分析中的应用相对局限,而采用低分辨率质谱仪检测出的带有重叠谱峰的质谱图可能会对反应气体或尾气的准确定量造成困难。虽然现有的在线定量分析方法较为成熟,但在定量准确度、方法适用性以及设备复杂性方面仍存在优化空间。为实现更准确且高效的在线定量分析,本研究提出了采用在线过程质谱仪对反应气体或尾气进行检测并分离重叠谱峰的定量分析方法。首先,根据工业生产场景精确预估待测反应气体或尾气的各组分气体及其含量,获得预测矩阵并配制校正标气。其次,通过查找各组分气体的标准质谱图,获得校正标气的所有重叠谱峰,根据各组分气体的主峰与重叠谱峰之间的关系构造最简单的比值矩阵,并配制与相关组分气体含量相同的比值标气修正比值矩阵。然后,利用质谱仪测量校正标气获得校正矩阵,并与预测矩阵和比值矩阵构建校正数学模型求得相对灵敏度矩阵。最后,根据计算出的相对灵敏度矩阵、修正后的比值矩阵与测算待测反应气体或尾气后获得的检测矩阵一同构建...     

基于图像处理的矿用乳化液浓度在线检测

针对传统矿用乳化液浓度检测方法的需人工取样、有滞后性、测量精度低等普遍存在的问题,对光入射到乳化液后的成像进行了研究,提出了一种基于光全反射原理的专用光学检测系统。对成像进行了几何建模,研究了其特性参数与乳化液浓度的关系,采用建立的函数关系对各种不同浓度的乳化液进行了检测。实验结果表明,基于图像处理的在线检测法检测精度可达0.001%,相比于传统检测方法的检测精度0.5%,具有更高的精度和可靠性。该检测方案克服了传统检测方法无法实现在线检测的缺点,具有很好的实用性。     

改进的局部LSSVM算法在明胶浓度软测量中的应用

在明胶生产的提胶工艺中,胶液浓度是一个很重要的质量和控制参数,但是目前对明胶浓度的检测手段多为离线人工检测,不能实现在线实时测量.该文提出使用软测量的方法对明胶浓度进行在线测量,采用局部LSSVM建模方法进行软测量建模,并用PSO算法对模型参数进行优化.Matlab仿真结果表明,基于PSO优化的局部LSSVM的软测量方...     

乳化液浓度光学在线检测系统研制

乳化液浓度对于以乳化液为介质的设备正常运行和寿命有较大影响,该文分析了现有的乳化液浓度检测方法,提出采用光学混浊度传感器检测乳化液浓度的方法,采用APMS-11GVCF-KIT光学混浊度传感器对浓度范围为2%~6%的乳化液进行了实验研究,得到了乳化液浓度与传感器输出电压的变化规律,并以单片机为核心,研制了乳化液浓度在线检测系统。该文对该系统进行了实验研究,实验结果表明,该系统可以用于乳化液浓度实时在线检测。     

气相色谱-脉冲放电氦离子化检测器分析乙烯、丙烯中的痕量一氧化碳和氢气

建立了气相色谱-脉冲放电氦离子化检测器(GC-PDHID)测定乙烯、丙烯样品中痕量一氧化碳和氢气的方法。对色谱柱、柱温、进样方式等条件进行了优化。采用外标法定量,在一氧化碳和氢气浓度分别为12μL/m3~390μL/m3和52μL/m3~800μL/m3的范围内时,标准曲线R2均大于0.99,一氧化碳和氢气检出限分别为7.6μL/m3和8.6μL/m3。实验结果表明,样品加标回收率在94.74%~110.2%之间,相对标准偏差为0.32%~2.83%,样品分析周期为15min。该方法分离效果好,具有良好的重复性和准确度,检出限低。本方法适用于乙烯、丙烯中痕量一氧化碳和氢气的检测。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.