共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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为实现防寒服保暖性能的动态调节,研发了以空气为保暖材料的Mountain充气夹克,采用外置手动按压充气泵连续改变充气量及其保暖性能。基于暖体假人实验,在不同充气量、有无袖子、是否穿抓绒衣3种实验条件下测试了充气夹克的局部热阻和总热阻,对比了NuDown充气夹克的隔热性能。实验结果表明:充气状态下的局部热阻和总热阻明显高于未充气状态,充气量会显著影响热阻,充气量越大服装热阻越高,且Moutain充气夹克在充气状态下比NuDown充气夹克具有更佳的保暖调节能力;有袖子时的局部热阻和总热阻明显高于无袖子状态,腹部和背部表现尤为明显;穿抓绒衣可有效增加服装系统热阻,但会很大程度地影响充气夹克的保暖调节能力。 相似文献
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为了使Walter 暖体假人各个部位具有与真人类似的相对出汗强度,采用了硅胶涂层的方法制备了非均匀出汗皮肤。通过对不同组分和不同厚度的硅胶涂层透湿率的分析,确定了最佳涂层工艺,以此工艺制备了3 种具有自相似结构的硅胶涂层,通过对3种涂层的分形维数的计算和热阻,湿阻的测量,选择出最佳涂层结构。使用此涂层结构制备了整套非均匀出汗皮肤。实验测量了使用非均匀出汗皮肤和均匀出汗皮肤的暖体假人的裸态与着装状态的热阻和湿阻。结果显示:分形维数最接近黄金分割数的涂层方法可使非均匀出汗皮肤具有最佳热湿性能;所制备的非均匀出汗皮肤与原始均匀出汗皮肤对比,假人裸态和着装状态下的热阻、湿阻测量结果均有增加。 相似文献
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The protection of a human body against the negative environmental factors, especially the cold, is one of the crucial functions of clothing. Clothing creates a thermal barrier between the human body and the surroundings. The protective efficiency of clothing goods depends mostly on thermal insulation properties of textile materials applied in clothing. The clothing design, fitting to a user’s body, and a number of layers also play an important role in the phenomenon of the heat exchange between the human organism and its surroundings. The thermal insulation properties of textile materials can be measured by means of different testing devices, such as the “skin model,” the Alambeta, the Permetest, and the Thermo Labo. A measurement of clothing goods from the point of view of their thermal insulation is performed using a thermal manikin. The article presents an investigation of thermal insulation properties of vests by means of thermal manikin. The investigated vests have been made of different textile materials: woven and knitted. The thermal insulation properties of fabrics applied in vests have been measured by means of the Alambeta. The article presents and discusses the relationships between the thermal insulation of vests according to the thermal manikin and the thermal resistance of fabrics applied in the vests. 相似文献
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为丰富暖体假人评价服装热湿舒适性的测评参数,基于对恒皮温、恒热流、热舒适3 种模式的原理及应用分析指出,有必要将体温调节模型引入假人系统,弥补常见模式无法模拟人体热调节的缺陷。以Fiala 模型为例,分析了生物热方程为基础的被动系统、包含四大热调节机制的主动系统构成及热调节假人系统的耦合机制。结合预测平均投票值及加州大学伯克利分校热感觉模型等,热调节假人可实现对人体稳态及瞬态热感觉的预测,从人体角度评价服装舒适性。对比热调节数值假人和暖体假人,前者灵活性更强,但需要考虑的因素过多,模拟准确性低于后者。 相似文献
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This paper reports the comfort properties of 3D-knitted seamless female body armour vests evaluated by using a thermal manikin. The vests were designed as a complete garment with eliminating the conventional cutting and sewing, to improve fit and comfort for female police officers. The vests were tested on thermal manikin dressed with vests only and manikin dressed with a police officer’s uniform including the vests. Both dry thermal insulation and evaporative resistance were evaluated for comfort properties. The results showed that five-layer assembly of fitted-vest provided an acceptable level of thermal insulation. However, the evaporative resistance of the loose-vest showed better results compared to the fitted-vest, which was proved by the lower surface temperature on the thermal imaging. This research established that the 3D-knitted seamless body armour vests can provide an effective solution for the body armour requirement for female officers. The results also suggested that increasing the number of layers will increase the weight and reduced level of comfort, however they were effective in providing the necessary protection from low-level stab threats, which was shown in the earlier publication. 相似文献
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为确定适宜的服装宽松量,提升透气型核生化(NBC)防护服的热湿舒适性,设计了穿着实验。在温、湿度可控制的气候室内,借助出汗暖体假人和三维扫描技术,观察常温、静止状态下5套不同松量服装的热湿传递性能,探讨衣下空气层对NBC防护服热阻和湿阻的影响。研究结果表明:衣下空气层体积与平均厚度的增量变化相似,不同松量服装的衣下空气层对服装总热阻和总湿阻有显著影响;随着透气型NBC防护服松量的增大,服装总热阻随着衣下空气层的增加呈现先增后减的变化趋势,服装总湿阻随着衣下空气层的增加呈现逐渐增大的变化趋势。 相似文献
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热防护性是个体防护服装的重要功能。燃烧假人作为国际公认的定量评估防护装备阻燃性能的专用设备,在服装热防护研究中发挥着重要作用。通过对国内外相关研究成果的回顾,介绍了燃烧假人的热防护测评原理、发展历史及我国首个具有国际领先水平的燃烧假人-“东华火人”的创新特征,重点从不同火场状况的模拟、阻燃面料的评测与选择、服装款式结构对防护性能的影响以及阻燃防护服热传递机理研究等四个方面探讨了燃烧假人在服装热防护研究领域中的应用进展,最后对燃烧假人的应用前景进行了预测分析。 相似文献
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为促进婴儿热生理舒适,推动婴儿被服热舒适性测评方法及理论体系的建立,回顾了婴儿被服热舒适性的相关研究,在分析婴儿与环境热传递机制的基础上,讨论了婴儿被服热舒适性的影响因素及测评方法,并根据当前研究现状提出了发展方向。研究表明:婴儿主要依靠传导、对流、辐射显热热交换维持人体热平衡,其体表热传递系数明显大于成人;被服的过高隔热、头部覆盖与俯卧姿势可能造成睡眠时婴儿的热应激反应;目前,婴儿暖体假人被认为是研究被服热舒适性最理想的装置,未来的发展应聚焦于婴儿被服热湿传递过程、使用数值模拟方法研究婴儿体表热传递及建立婴儿体温调节模型等方面。 相似文献
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为探明服装内空气层体积对男士针织内衣热性能的影响,并比较发热内衣与普通纯棉内衣热性能的差异,使用站立式暖体出汗假人分别对男士发热内衣及纯棉内衣的热阻与湿阻进行了测量,分别建立了2种内衣的空气体积与热阻和湿阻之间的多项回归模型。结果表明:在所测内衣尺码范围内,发热内衣的热阻和湿阻均逐渐增大,但二者的增加率均先增大后减小;而普通纯棉针织内衣的热阻和湿阻则先增大,达到一定值后逐渐减小;通过比较发现普通纯棉针织内衣的热阻和湿阻均高于相应尺码的发热内衣,但其透湿指数则小于相应尺码的发热内衣,说明发热内衣的热舒适性优于普通纯棉针织内衣。 相似文献
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Magdalena Młynarczyk 《纺织学会志》2013,104(12):1784-1791
AbstractThe procedure of determining the heat resistance, i.e. thermal insulation is described in a series of the European Standards. It is well recognised and disseminated across the world. However, there is no European Standard with regard to the procedure for determining clothing evapourative resistance (Ret). In 2016, ASTM published F2370 standard where it set out the method for determining Ret. The said standard however is lacking detailed information concerning the required sweat rate for a manikin. The aim of the present study was to examine the influence of a sweat rate on the segmental heat losses at the selected manikin’s parts in the so-called isothermal and non-isothermal conditions. The research was carried out on the NEWTON thermal manikin dressed in special fabric skin. Four sweating rates were considered, i.e. 100, 250, 500 and 650?g/(h m2). The results showed different segmental heat loss in isothermal and non-isothermal conditions. It was furthermore found that heat loss depended on a sweat rate, namely a lower sweat rate caused lower heat loss. 相似文献