基于DNA-AuNPs信号放大的肠出血性大肠埃希菌快速检测电化学生物传感器

快速检测肠出血性大肠埃希菌(EHEC)有利于疾病的早期诊断,为医生合理使用药物提供指导。本实验基于DNA修饰的金纳米粒子(DNA-AuNPs)与亚甲蓝(MB)结合进行信号放大构建了一种灵敏的电化学生物传感器。采用透射电镜(TEM)和紫外可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)对该生物传感器的修饰进行表征,利用交流阻抗法(EIS)、循环伏安法(CV)和差分脉冲伏安法(DPV)进行电化学性能检测。该方法的检测范围是100pM到50nM,检测限为75pM(S/N=3)。与传统细菌分离培养方法相比,该方法具有快速、灵敏等优点,对EHEC的早期诊断有着巨大潜力。     

基于微流控荧光定量PCR的MRSA快速检测技术研究

针对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)检测的问题,发展一种基于微流控荧光定量PCR的致病菌快速检测新技术。采用光刻法制作了微流控PCR芯片,研制了集成高性能温度控制模块和高灵敏度荧光检测模块的微流控荧光定量PCR分析系统。通过检测特异性基因femA和mecA对MRSA进行快速鉴别。实验结果表明,使用微流控PCR芯片可以成功实现MRSA特异性基因的快速检测,相对传统的管式PCR,芯片使用6μL试剂在56 min完成了MRSA特异基因的检测,不仅节约了反应试剂,而且极大提高了检测速度。该技术可扩展到其他致病菌的检测,具有良好的应用前景。     

酶电极法血糖仪的研制

酶电极法血糖仪是采用酶的固化技术以及电检测的方法研制而成的.血糖的固化了酶的电极上反应所产生的微电流随血糖的浓度成线性关系变化,这样仪器就可以通过检测电流的大小来实现对血糖含量的检测.检测的范围为1～30mmol/L,精度为±0.1mmol/L,完成一次测试的时间不超过30s.     

牙签电喷雾电离质谱分析脐橙果汁成分

在无需样品预处理的前提下,采用牙签电喷雾电离质谱（wooden-tip ESI-MS）法对脐橙果汁成分进行快速检测。结果表明：在正离子模式下,检测到的主要成分为胆碱、蔗糖、葡萄糖、脯氨酸、正壬醇等,其中胆碱和脯氨酸产生［M+H］⁺信号,蔗糖和葡萄糖产生［M+K］⁺信号;在负离子模式下,检测到的主要成分是脂肪酸、酚酸、羟基酸等有机酸。同时,对抗坏血酸进行了半定量测定,方法检出限为3.7 μg/L,相对标准偏差为7.4%~9.7%,单次检测时间小于0.5 min。该方法无需样品预处理、操作简便、检出限低、分析速度快,有望成为农产品品质分析的一种新方法。     

气质联用法监测三氯蔗糖的合成

采用单酯化法合成三氯蔗糖,并建立了气相色谱-质谱(GC/MS)检测合成过程中各重要组分的方法。采用HP-5毛细管气相色谱柱(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25μm),以电子轰击为电离方式,选取最佳实验条件对蔗糖、蔗糖-6-乙酯、三氯蔗糖进行硅烷化衍生,并对其进行定性、定量检测。该检测方法用于监测单酯化法合成三氯蔗糖的工艺过程,取得了理想效果。     

基于奇异值分解的突变信息检测新方法及其应用

提出了利用时间序列重构的吸引子轨迹矩阵奇异值分解的方法检测信号中的突变信息。利用该方法对任选的一数值信号和旋转机械静动件早期碰摩故障数值仿真信号进行了检测,并将检测结果与信号的小波变换结果进行了比较,结果表明,该方法是可行的,能够有效地应用于信号的奇异性检测。另外,还分析了噪声信号对该方法与小波变换方法所得结果的影响。最后,将该方法应用于旋转机械静动件早期碰摩故障试验信号的检测,获得了满意的结果。     

基于零蠕变特征空间投影的P91钢焊接接头蠕变超声检测

为提高P91钢焊接接头蠕变超声检测灵敏度,提出一种相对性的超声检测信号处理方法。该方法使用未发生蠕变的P91钢焊接接头的检测信号生成零蠕变特征空间,将任意检测信号向该空间投影,以投影残差能量与原信号总能量的比例表征检测目标偏离零蠕变状态的程度,比例越高,则表明蠕变损伤越严重。推导了该方法的一般性数学表达,并提出利用盲源分离算法实现该方法的线性化处理。利用不同蠕变程度的P91钢焊接接头试块对该方法进行了验证试验,结果表明,与常规超声方法相比,该方法具有更好的蠕变检测能力。由于该方法为相对性检测,零蠕变特征空间的完备性对检测结果的准确性具有较大影响。该方法以评价检测目标偏离标准特征空间的程度为核心,因此对其他损伤也具有检测能力。     

基于多信息融合的无创血糖检测系统设计

为了解决糖尿病人血糖检测的有创问题,以生物特征检测技术为基础,设计了一种近红外透射光谱法的多信息融合无创血糖检测系统,并测试了系统性能。通过建立数学模型对该系统实测的数据进行处理,得到人体的血糖值。试验结果表明,本系统与传统血糖仪检测结果的相关系数达到了0.854 2。同时该系统可以对人体血糖变化趋势进行记录,为连续监测血糖值提供了新方法。     

基于LabVIEW的随机共振高频微弱信号检测系统

针对经典随机共振方法对高频微弱信号检测失效的难题,提出一种调参随机共振检测高频微弱信号的方法,并以LabVIEW和Matlab为开发平台,利用调参随机共振方法构建了检测无线电高频微弱信号系统。该检测系统能够根据待测信号的特征,通过调节系统参数诱发系统发生随机共振,从而实现对高频信号的检测。最后对实际中无线电含噪信号进行检测,实验结果表明,该系统人机界面友好,能够有效地检测出强噪声背景下的高频微弱信号,具有良好的可操作性和现实意义。     

基于混沌理论的微弱信号检测及自跟踪扫频电路实现

为解决工程实际中因待测信号常常被淹没在噪声背景中而传统信号检测方法难以检测等问题,将基于混沌理论的非线性信号检测技术应用到实际工程故障诊断中,开展了基于Duffing振子的微弱信号检测原理的分析,建立了混沌振子与微弱信号检测之间的关系,提出了基于Duffing振子的微弱信号检测方法,利用混沌系统相变对周期小信号的敏感性和对噪声具有免疫力的特点,设计制作了基于Duffing振子的微弱信号检测电路;对微弱信号检测的自适应进行了研究,利用AVR单片机及AD9850等芯片实现了信号检测电路的自动跟踪扫频功能,最后开展了该信号检测电路对不同频率微弱信号的检测试验。研究结果表明,用该电路可以实现在工程中常见的噪声背景下的中、低频率微弱周期信号的检测。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.