On the digital trail of mobile cells

Cell migration is a field of intense current research, where biologists increasingly rely on methods and expertise from physics and engineering. Signal processing approaches can contribute significantly to this research, most notably to help analyze the exploding quantity of imaging data produced with standard and new microscopy techniques. In this article, we first provide a brief background on the importance of understanding cell movements, then review a selection of current efforts on tracking moving cells, with an emphasis on deformable model approaches (some ideas expressed in this article have been previously discussed. We will point out some of the main difficulties posed by cellular imaging, discuss advantages and limitations of different tracking techniques, and suggest a few directions for future advances.     

On the relationship between the efficiency measures of multicategory information systems

The concepts of efficiency measures of multicategory information systems and similarity measures between two efficiency measures are introduced and developed. The relationship between two efficiency measures is defined by the corresponding setD, and the appropriate marginal functions are introduced. An earlier work of Ben-Bassat's dealing with the ranking of features according to feature selection criteria is generalized and refined. Consequently, a general similarity measure between two efficiency measures is established. It is analyzed in the case of monotonic marginal functions and, especially, when the setDis convex. Some important sufficient conditions forDto be convex are also given. Finally, two other similarity measures are defined and interpreted.     

On the extraction of the channel allocation information in spectrum pooling systems

The spectrum pooling strategy allows a license owner to share a part of his licensed spectrum with a secondary wireless system (the rental system, RS) during its idle times. The coexistence of two mobile systems on the same frequency band poses many new challenges, one of which is the reliable extraction of the channel allocation information (CAI), i.e. the channel occupation of the licensed system (LS). This paper presents a strategy for the extraction of the CAI based on exploiting the distinct cyclostationary characteristics of the LS and RS signals and demonstrates, via simulations, its application on a specific spectrum pooling scenario, where the LS is a GSM network and the RS is an OFDM based WLAN system     

Multimedia information systems

Presents a gentle introduction to multimedia information systems. The author explores the nature of multimedia data model and information system architecture, and reviews the evolution of multimedia information systems. He also discusses data model design, query processing, and browsing support, and takes a look at some state-of-the-art prototype systems     

On the inclusion of geographic information systems (GIS) in global navigation satellite systems (GNSS)

The latest innovation of the global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) technologies plays an important role in improving the quality and safety of modern life. Most of the applications evolved from the integration between GNSS, geographical information systems (GIS) and wireless communications and networking (WCN) systems. The wide spread applications that are using these technologies include: the automatic vehicle location (AVL), tracking systems, navigation systems, pedestrian navigation systems, intelligent transportation systems, precise positioning, and emergency callers, among others. The location‐based services (LBS) are possible only by the combination of GNSS, GIS and WCN. The growing need for commercial LBS has forced cellular‐phone and network manufacturers to concentrate on positioning solutions, which are even more precise than the regulatory mandates for positioning of emergency callers and other user services and applications. In this paper, we will present a literature review of the GNSS, the three satellite systems GPS, GLONASS and Galileo, which are aimed to support GNSS services, and a comparison between them and their role in creating a GIS. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

电信和信息技术标准体系的探讨

一、引言通信系统诸如移动电话网络、多媒体和互联网等都要求参与者之间形成新的特定协议，在改革开放的今天，大量的技术产品需要采用国际标准。事实说明，越来越多地采用标准、规范，可以缩短产品制造的时间。在这种形势下，国家与地区的标准化机构增加了，合作伙伴更是成倍增长。国际标准是一项高新技术产物，它要求有明确的战略计划、广泛的技术准备和具有国际水平的卓越人才。这三者是相互制约、相互作用、直接影响标准化的进程、水平和最终产品质量的条件。目前，ＩＴＵ已将电信与信息标准体系的研究做为新千年的战略目标，我国应积极…     

On the reduction of 2-D polynomial systems into first order equivalent models

Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing - In this paper we propose a novel approach for the reduction of a 2-D rectangular polynomial matrix of arbitrary degree, to first-order matrix...     

Distributed multimedia information systems

The Distributed Link Service (DLS) infrastructure for linking hypertext documents on the World Wide Web complies with the open hypermedia model. In combination with link processing and management tools, we're addressing distributed information management issues. Our approach, focusing on multimedia streams and facilitating collaboration, reflects two key trends in network technology: an increase in per-user bandwidth and hosts. This corresponds to more users working with more media of increasingly different types. Open hypermedia can provide new techniques that let us take advantage of this evolution. We're extending our streaming work to HyperRadio, building on the idea that a program is actually a tour through available resources, where users can interactively follow links to other resources that interest them. By exploiting higher bandwidths and compression techniques, we can transport such “branching” material to the user. We're conducting this work with audio streams on the Internet, and plan to apply it to digital audio broadcasting     

铁安联盟网络安全解决方案专题连载--密码技术在信息系统中的应用

概　　述 当前的信息系统存在着一个共性的问题,就是安全方案以产品导向型为主,各种安全产品自成体系,缺乏统一的安全策略,多数系统没有采用密码技术或没有很好地应用密码技术来保证信息系统的安全。因此,大型信息系统的安全问题往往难以被解决,造成了信息系统只能用于一般的、可对外公开的应用领域,系统只能分裂为一个个孤岛,而形不成有机整体的局面。 密码技术是解决信息系统安全的一项核心技术,是解决信息安全问题的最有效手段之一,在铁安联盟的信息安全解决方案中,融合在不同层面的子系统都不同程度地使用密码技术来实现不同的功能定义,…     

现代医院的信息化建设探究

信息技术随着不断发展已经应用在医院的众多领域中,对医院运行管理发挥着不容忽视的重要作用,保证了医院经营的高效性和高质性.本文从医院信息化概念入手,对现代医院信息化的建设侧策略进行了深入的分析和探索.     

Multimedia and spatial information systems

Spatial information systems increasingly require incorporation of multimedia data types. Pictures, sounds, animated sequences, and unstructured text may form an integral part of geographically located entities in information systems. An example ecological application with extensive multimedia requirements illustrates how multimedia data can be integrated with spatial information systems in a generic, application-independent manner     

Vehicular location and information systems

Various land mobile communities are actively seeking new tools which will offer significant improvements in the efficiency with which they manage the operations of their mobile fleets. The various types of location and information reporting techniques which can be used to supplement existing voice-radio communications to achieve this goal are described. Both fixed- and random-route location systems will be considered in terms of system characteristics as these relate to the needs of specific user groups such as law enforcement agencies and transportation organizations. The location techniques considered will include electronic signposts, trilateration (direct measurement using both wide-band (pulse) and narrow-band (phase) modulation), and automatic navigation systems. System parameters to be discussed will include: spectrum efficiency, Federal Communications Commission licensing considerations, required and achievable location accuracies, data-system speeds and reliability, and elements of cost effectiveness analysis. Finally, requirements for other types of vehicular information which are needed to produce a practical total system will be explored.     

Leadership of information systems development projects

How best to lead an information systems project team continues to be an open issue. For three decades, the research literature has contrasted between the leadership of the "chief programmer" led team to that of the "egoless" software team with little clarity as to what is appropriate leadership and under what circumstances. Software project teams, like other knowledge teams, are characterized by distributed expertise, the reliance on methodologies, high levels of collaboration, as well as the need to meet the expectations of a diverse set of stakeholders. We propose a theoretical model of information systems project team leadership that focuses on empowering and directive leadership practices and investigate whether this leadership is more effective than the use of traditional coordination mechanisms; we also test whether these relationships are moderated by factors such as task uncertainty or professional experience. We test this model using data from 69 software development teams. Our results indicate that empowering leadership has an important impact on team performance but only under conditions of high task uncertainty or team expertise.     

Natural communication with information systems

Pervasive networking and sophisticated computing open opportunities for collaborative information processing independent of time and space. In this instance the information system becomes an enhancer of human intellect, as well as a mediator for communication among participants. The human user favors the sensory dimensions of sight, sound, and touch as primary channels of communication. Machines that can accommodate these modes promise flexibilities and functionalities that transcend the traditional mouse and keyboard. The paper describes research to establish human-computer interfaces that capture attributes of natural face-to-face communication. An experimental multimodal system is developed to study several aspects of natural style human-computer communication. While as yet primitive, the technologies of image and gaze processing, hands-free conversation, and force feedback tactile transduction are combined and used simultaneously for manipulating objects in a shared workspace. Software agents fuse the sensory signals to estimate and interpret user intent. Current areas of experimental application include disaster relief/crisis management, telemedicine/rehabilitation, and mobile office/wearable computers     

Worldwide communications and information systems

The challenges facing providers of global communication and information systems are discussed. Globe-girdling systems are compared to more confined systems. Unique facets of global systems are illustrated using IBM's worldwide information system as an example of an integrated enterprise network. Progress is sketched in other uses, including travel reservation, banking and finance, military, research and education. It is concluded that global systems' evolution can be predicted, in large measure, from prior progress in shorter-reach applications     

Development of information and telecommunication systems

Modern Communication technologies have developed through the process of evolution rather than revolution. The growth of telecommunications and computers have made high quality, high speed and low cost global communication a reality. These and additional benefits to people worldwide will continue to accrue with the blending of, in an intimate way, data processing and telecommunications. Future trends based on extrapolation of the present will surely be to provide greater communications and computer capability into the home and the office, at even lower cost. However, history teaches us that new, unanticipated ideas arise not simply as extrapolations of the past.