Cu掺杂氧化锌氧化物的热学性能

基于线性响应的密度泛函微扰理论研究了Cu掺杂纤锌矿结构氧化物ZnO的热学参数和热学性能。结果表明,Cu掺杂导致ZnO氧化物晶胞减小;在计算温度区间,纯的ZnO和Cu掺杂的ZnO的晶格热容均随温度升高不断增大,Cu掺杂的ZnO具有较高的晶格热容;纯的ZnO和Cu掺杂ZnO的晶格热容在最高温度900K时分别达到69.1J·(mol-1·K-1)和152.8J·(mol-1·K-1)。纯的ZnO和Cu掺杂ZnO的德拜温度均随温度升高而不断增大;在175K以下,Cu掺杂ZnO体系的德拜温度高于未掺杂体系,在175K以上,Cu掺杂ZnO体系的德拜温度低于未掺杂体系。Cu掺杂在ZnO中引入了新的振动模式。Cu掺杂ZnO氧化物应具有较高的晶格热导率。     

S掺杂纤锌矿ZnO的光催化性质的第一性原理研究

利用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理,研究了硫(S)掺杂纤锌矿氧化锌(ZnO)的能带结构、态密度和光学性质。结果表明:掺杂后晶格畸变,晶格常数随着掺杂量的增加而增大;S原子掺杂减小了能带间隙,提高了电子跃迁的概率;进一步的光学性质计算发现,S掺杂后吸收谱出现红移,且吸收谱峰值随掺杂量的增加而增大,提高了可见光和紫外光区域的光吸收。     

Ⅲ A元素掺杂对ZnO电子结构的影响

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理缀加投影波赝势法,分别对ZnO、掺B、Al、Ga、In的ZnO的电子结构进行计算.与未掺杂ZnO相比,Ⅲ A族元素掺杂ZnO的光学带隙变宽,可见光透光能力增强、费米能级进入导带,导电能力提高,适合作透明导电膜,其中Ga掺杂ZnO的透明性和导电性更好,最适合做透明导电膜.     

热容激光器中热致受激发射截面改变对输出功率的影响

固体热容激光器发射期间将废热储存在激光介质中,从而使激光介质的温度随着激光的不断发射而不断升高.温度的升高导致激光介质的受激发射截面发生改变.有效受激发射截面的改变导致激光增益的变化.根据各种掺钕磷酸盐玻璃和掺杂原子数分数为1%的Nd∶YAG的发射截面随温度变化的规律,计算出使用相应工作介质的固体热容激光器随温度上升后抽运阈值和输出功率的改变.计算结果表明,掺钕磷酸盐玻璃和Nd∶YAG介质工作在热容模式下,随着温升导致的有效受激发射截面不断减小,激光器输出功率明显下降.     

Ag掺杂ZnO的第一性原理计算

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理赝势法对Ag掺杂ZnO的几何结构、杂质形成能和电子结构进行了比较系统的研究.研究表明,掺Ag导致晶格膨胀;在ZnO晶格中,杂质Ag最可能以替代Zn位出现,此时将形成一个深受主能级.文中的计算结果与其他研究者的实验结果相吻合.     

Ag掺杂ZnO的第一性原理计算

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理赝势法对Ag掺杂ZnO的几何结构、杂质形成能和电子结构进行了比较系统的研究.研究表明,掺Ag导致晶格膨胀;在ZnO晶格中,杂质Ag最可能以替代Zn位出现,此时将形成一个深受主能级.文中的计算结果与其他研究者的实验结果相吻合.     

Sb掺杂ZnO电子结构和光学性质

为了研究ZnO掺Sb后电子结构和光学性质的变化,采用基于密度泛函理论对纯净ZnO和Sb掺杂ZnO两种结构进行第一性原理的计算。计算结果表明：随着Sb的掺入,体系的晶格常数变大,键长增加,体积变大,系统总能增大。能带中价带和导带数目明显变密,费米能级进入导带,体系逐渐呈金属性,带隙明显展宽。在光学性质方面,主吸收峰的左边出现了新的吸收峰,是由导带上的Zn-4s和Sb-5p轨道杂化电子跃迁所致;同时介电函数虚部波峰发生一定程度的升高,实部静态介电常数也明显增大。     

Ga Al In掺杂ZnO电子结构的第一性原理计算

计算了Ga、Al、In掺杂ZnO体系电子结构,分析了掺杂对ZnO晶体的结构、能带、电子态密度、差分电荷分布的影响。所有计算,都是基于密度泛函理论(DFT)框架下的第一性原理平面波超软赝势方法。计算结果表明:在导带底引入了大量由掺杂原子贡献的导电载流子(Ga:2.57×1021cm–3;Al:2.58×1021cm–3;In:2.53×1021cm–3),明显提高了体系的电导率。同时,光学带隙展宽,且向低能方向漂移,可作为优良的透明导电薄膜材料。     

Ga掺杂ZnO薄膜的MOCVD生长及其特性

利用低压MOCVD技术在(0002)蓝宝石上外延获得高质量的ZnO:Ga单晶薄膜,并研究了Ga的不同掺杂浓度对材料电学和光学特性的影响.当Ga/Zn气相摩尔比为3.2 at%时,ZnO(0002)峰半高宽仅为0.26°,载流子浓度高达2.47×1019cm-3,透射率高于90%;当载流子浓度升高时,吸收边出现明显的Burstein-Moss蓝移效应.同时室温光致发光谱显示,紫外峰位随载流子浓度的增加而发生红移,峰形展宽,这和Ga高掺杂所引起的能带重整化效应有关.当Ga/Zn比达到6.3 at%时,由于高掺杂浓度下Ga的自补偿效应导致载流子浓度下降.     

Cu掺杂对ZnO氧化物电子结构与电输运性能的影响

采用平面波超软赝势密度泛函理论计算的方法研究了p型Cu掺杂的纤锌矿结构氧化物ZnO的电子结构,在此基础上分析了其电输运性能。计算结果表明,Cu掺杂ZnO氧化物具有0.6eV的直接带隙,且为p型半导体,在导带和价带中都出现了由Cu电子能级形成的能带,体系费米能级附近的能带主要由Cup态、Cud态和Op态电子构成,且他们之间存在着强相互作用。电输运性能分析结果表明,Cu掺杂的ZnO氧化物价带中的载流子有效质量较大,导带中的载流子有效质量较小;其载流子输运主要由Cup态、Cud态、Op态电子完成,且需要载流子（空穴和电子）跃迁的能隙宽度较未掺杂的ZnO氧化物减小。     

衬底温度对PLD法制备的ZnO:Ga薄膜结构和性能的影响

利用脉冲激光沉积法在石英衬底上制备了镓掺杂氧化锌(ZnO:Ga)透明导电薄膜,研究了衬底温度对薄膜的结构、表面形貌和光电性能的影响.研究表明:制备的ZnO:Ga薄膜是具有六角纤锌矿结构的多晶薄膜.随着衬底温度的增加,衍射峰明显增强,晶粒尺寸增大.当衬底温度为450℃时,薄膜的最低电阻率为8.5×10<'-4>Ω·cm,...     

氧化锌电子结构的压力效应的理论研究

基于平面波函数密度泛函理论研究了不同压力条件下纤锌矿结构氧化锌的晶格结构和电子结构。计算结果表明,氧化锌的晶格参数和Zn—O键长随外压力的增加先增大后逐渐减小,晶胞纵横轴长之比增大,晶格对称性保持不变;带隙类型均为直接带隙,其宽度随外压力增加先降低后逐渐增大,零压力下其存在着0.908eV的直接带隙,在最大压力100GPa下其带隙达0.993eV;费米能级附近的状态密度随压力增加有增大的趋势,电子局域化趋势明显。分析结果表明,随着外压力的增加,氧化锌费米能级下方附近的载流子有效质量先增大后减小;导带的载流子有效质量均较小。外界加力还改变了氧化锌体系的电子分布情况。     

First-Principles Study of the Electronic Structure and Thermoelectric Properties of Al-Doped ZnO

ZnO materials doped with elements such as Al, Ga, etc. are of great interest for high-temperature thermoelectric applications. In this work, the effects of Al doping on the electronic structure and thermoelectric properties of the ZnO system are presented. The energy band structure and density of states of Al-doped ZnO were investigated using the projector-augmented plane wave pseudopotential method within the local density approximation. The calculated energy band structure was then used in combination with the Boltzmann transport equation to calculate the thermoelectric parameters of Al-doped ZnO. The electronic structure calculation showed that the position of the Fermi level of the doped sample was shifted to a higher energy level compared with the undoped material. The conduction band near the Fermi energy was a combination of hybridized Zn sp-orbitals and Al s-orbital. The calculated thermoelectric properties were compared with the experimental results, showing some agreement. For the Al-doped ZnO system, the Seebeck coefficient was shown to be negative and its absolute value increased with temperature. The electrical conductivity and electronic thermal conductivity followed the trend of the experimental results.     

基于第一性原理的Ga-Eu共掺ZnO光电性质的研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法,分析了Ga-Eu共掺杂ZnO(GEZO)结构的能带结构、态密度、马利肯布居分布以及光学性质。结果表明,计算得到的晶格常数及带隙与实验值一致。Ga,Eu的掺入贡献了导电载流子,使体系的电导率增强。费米能级进入导带,呈现n型导电。从态密度中可知费米能级处出现了由Eu的4f态引入的杂质带,Ga也在导带底处贡献了4p和4s态。原子和键的平均马利肯布居分布表明,Ga,Eu原子的掺入增强了键的离子性。光学性质方面,Ga,Eu的掺入使得介电函数实部和虚部的峰位向低能区转移,吸收率和反射率在可见光区均有提高。     

Optical and structural characteristics of Ga-doped ZnO films

The n-ZnO films doped with Ga to the content 2.5 at % are produced by pulse laser deposition onto the (0001) oriented single crystal sapphire substrates. The transmittance spectra of the ZnO films in the range from 200 to 3200 nm are studied in relation to the Ga dopant content. It is established that an increase in the Ga content shifts the fundamental absorption edge to the blue region, but reduces the transparency of the ZnO films in the infrared spectral region. The dependence of the band gap on the level of doping with Ga is determined. The photoluminescence spectra of the ZnO films doped to different levels are recorded. It is established that the PL intensity and peak position vary unsteadily with the level of doping. X-ray diffraction studies of the structure of the films are carried out. It is found that the crystallographic parameters (the lattice constant c) of the ZnO film depend on the Ga dopant content and the conditions of deposition of the films.     

Quasiharmonic Vibrational Properties of TiNiSn from Ab?Initio Phonons

We report an ab?initio study of vibrational and thermodynamic properties of TiNiSn, a half-Heusler alloy that has been investigated in the context of thermoelectrics, based on density functional theory and density functional perturbation theory. The quasiharmonic approximation, where the Helmholtz free energy obtained from phonons of multiple strained structures is fitted to a model equation of state, is employed to estimate thermodynamic properties. Good quantitative correspondence is achieved between experimental observations and our theoretical calculation for various thermodynamic quantities: lattice parameter, thermal expansion coefficient, and heat capacity. Estimates of lattice thermal conductivity are also provided by using a semianalytic model previously proposed in the literature. Though this yields good qualitative agreement, a more accurate ab?initio approach that explicitly includes anharmonic interactions between atoms should be employed for quantitative predictions of thermal conductivity.     

Ga/N共掺杂对InSb电子结构的影响

利用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理赝势方法,研究了Ga和N共掺杂闪锌矿InSb半导体的电子结构和电子性质.研究发现单独掺杂Ga或N对InSb带隙的影响较小.在共掺杂Ga/N的情况下,当Ga/N浓度增加时对InSb的带隙影响明显.这些理论结果对半导体材料的能带工程提供了一定的参考价值.     

Wavelength‐Emission Tuning of ZnO Nanowire‐Based Light‐Emitting Diodes by Cu Doping: Experimental and Computational Insights

The band‐gap engineering of doped ZnO nanowires is of the utmost importance for tunable light‐emitting‐diode (LED) applications. A combined experimental and density‐functional theory (DFT) study of ZnO doping by copper (Zn²⁺ substitution by Cu²⁺) is presented. ZnO:Cu nanowires are epitaxially grown on magnesium‐doped p‐GaN by electrochemical deposition. The heterojunction is integrated into a LED structure. Efficient charge injection and radiative recombination in the Cu‐doped ZnO nanowires are demonstrated. In the devices, the nanowires act as the light emitters. At room temperature, Cu‐doped ZnO LEDs exhibit low‐threshold emission voltage and electroluminescence emission shifted from the ultraviolet to violet–blue spectral region compared to pure ZnO LEDs. The emission wavelength can be tuned by changing the copper content in the ZnO nanoemitters. The shift is explained by DFT calculations with the appearance of copper d states in the ZnO band‐gap and subsequent gap reduction upon doping. The presented data demonstrate the possibility to tune the band‐gap of ZnO nanowire emitters by copper doping for nano‐LEDs.